Roguelike Tutorial

import libtcodpy as libtcod
import math
import textwrap
import time

# actual size of the window
SCREEN_WIDTH = 150
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 80

# size of the map
MAP_WIDTH = 150
MAP_HEIGHT = 73

# sizes and coordinates relevant for the GUI
BAR_WIDTH = 20
PANEL_HEIGHT = 7
PANEL_Y = SCREEN_HEIGHT - PANEL_HEIGHT

# set the message box constants
MSG_X = BAR_WIDTH + 2
MSG_WIDTH = SCREEN_WIDTH - BAR_WIDTH - 2
MSG_HEIGHT = PANEL_HEIGHT - 1

# parameters for dungeon generator
ROOM_MAX_SIZE = 15
ROOM_MIN_SIZE = 6
MAX_ROOMS = 30
MAX_ROOM_MONSTERS = 3

# FOV algorithm
FOV_ALGO = 0

# light walls or not
FOV_LIGHT_WALLS = True
TORCH_RADIUS = 10

LIMIT_FPS = 20
ROGUELIKE_NAME = 'Stewa Roguelike'


color_dark_wall = libtcod.Color(57, 22, 10)
color_light_wall = libtcod.Color(115, 45, 20)
color_dark_ground = libtcod.Color(10, 55, 55)
color_light_ground = libtcod.Color(20, 110, 110)


class Tile:
    # a tile of the map and its properties
    def __init__(self, blocked, block_sight = None):
        self.blocked = blocked

        # all tiles start unexplored
        self.explored = False

        # by default, if a tile is blocked, it also blocks sight
        if block_sight is None: block_sight = blocked
        self.block_sight = block_sight

class Rect:
    # a rectangle on the map. used to characterize a room.
    def __init__(self, x, y, w, h):
        self.x1 = x
        self.y1 = y
        self.x2 = x + w
        self.y2 = y + h

    def center(self):
        center_x = (self.x1 + self.x2) / 2
        center_y = (self.y1 + self.y2) / 2
        return (center_x, center_y)

    def intersect(self, other):
        # returns true if this rectangle intersects with another one
        return (self.x1 <= other.x2 and self.x2 >= other.x1 and
                self.y1 <= other.y2 and self.y2 >= other.y1)

class Object:
    # this is a generic object: the player, a monster, an item, the stairs...
    # it's always represented by a character on screen.
    def __init__(self, x, y, char, name, color, blocks=False, fighter=None, ai=None):
        self.name = name
        self.blocks = blocks
        self.x = x
        self.y = y
        self.char = char
        self.color = color
        self.fighter = fighter
        if self.fighter: # let the fighter component know who owns it
            self.fighter.owner = self

        self.ai = ai
        if self.ai:
            self.ai.owner = self


    def move(self, dx, dy):
        # move by the given amount, if the destination is not blocked
        if not is_blocked(self.x + dx, self.y + dy):
            self.x += dx
            self.y += dy

    def draw(self):
        # only show if it's visible to the player
        if libtcod.map_is_in_fov(fov_map, self.x, self.y):
            # set the color and then draw the character that represents this object at its position
            libtcod.console_set_default_foreground(con, self.color)
            libtcod.console_put_char(con, self.x, self.y, self.char, libtcod.BKGND_NONE)

    def clear(self):
        # erase the character that represents this object
        libtcod.console_put_char(con, self.x, self.y, ' ', libtcod.BKGND_NONE)

    def move_towards(self, target_x, target_y):
        # vector from this object to the target, and distance
        dx = target_x - self.x
        dy = target_y - self.y
        distance = math.sqrt(dx ** 2 + dy ** 2)

        # normalize it to length 1 (preserving direction), then round it and
        # concert to integer so the movement is restricted to the map grid
        dx = int(round(dx / distance))
        dy = int(round(dy / distance))
        self.move(dx, dy)

    def distance_to(self, other):
        # return the distance to another object
        dx = other.x - self.x
        dy = other.y - self.y
        return math.sqrt(dx ** 2 + dy ** 2)

    def send_to_back(self):
        # make this object to be drawn first, so all others appear above it if they're in the same tile
        global objects
        objects.remove(self)
        objects.insert(0, self)

class Fighter:
    # combat-related properties and methods (monster, player, NPC)
    def __init__(self, hp, defense, power, death_function=None):
        self.max_hp = hp
        self.hp = hp
        self.defense = defense
        self.power = power
        self.death_function = death_function

    def take_damage(self, damage):
        # apply damage if possible
        if damage > 0:
            self.hp -= damage

            # check for death. If there's a death function, call it.
            if self.hp <= 0:
                function = self.death_function
                if function is not None:
                    function(self.owner)

    def attack(self, target):
        # a simple formula for attack damage
        damage = self.power - target.fighter.defense

        if damage > 0:
            # make the target take some damage
            message(self.owner.name.capitalize() + ' attacks ' + target.name + ' for '
            + str(damage) + ' hits points.')
            target.fighter.take_damage(damage)
        else:
            message(self.owner.name.capitalize() + ' attacks ' + target.name + ' but it has no effect!')

class BasicMonster:
    # AI for a basic monster.
    def take_turn(self):
        # a basic monster takes its turn. If you can see it, it can see you.
        monster = self.owner
        if libtcod.map_is_in_fov(fov_map, monster.x, monster.y):
            # move towards player if far away
            if monster.distance_to(player) >= 2:
                monster.move_towards(player.x, player.y)

            # close enough to attack
            elif player.fighter.hp > 0:
                monster.fighter.attack(player)

def is_blocked(x,y):
    # first test the map tile
    if map[x][y].blocked:
        return True

    # check for any blocking objects
    for object in objects:
        if object.blocks and object.x ==x and object.y ==y:
            return True

    return False

def message(new_msg, color = libtcod.white):
    # split the message if necessary, among multiple lines
    new_msg_lines = textwrap.wrap(new_msg, MSG_WIDTH)

    for line in new_msg_lines:
        # if the buffer is full, remove the first line to make room for the new one
        if len(game_msgs) == MSG_HEIGHT:
            del game_msgs[0]

        # add the new line as a tuple, with the text and the color
        game_msgs.append( (line, color) )

def create_room(room):
    global map
    # go through the tiles in the rectangle and make them passable
    for x in range(room.x1 + 1, room.x2):
        for y in range(room.y1 + 1, room.y2):
            map[x][y].blocked = False
            map[x][y].block_sight = False

def place_objects(room):
    # choose random number of monsters
    num_monsters = libtcod.random_get_int(0, 0, MAX_ROOM_MONSTERS)

    for i in range(num_monsters):
        # choose random spot for this monster
        x = libtcod.random_get_int(0, room.x1 + 1, room.x2 - 1)
        y = libtcod.random_get_int(0, room.y1 + 1, room.y2 - 1)

        # if the tile isn't blocked...
        if not is_blocked(x, y):
            # chances: 55% chance of goblin, 30% chance of orc, 14% chance of troll, 1% chance of dragon
            choice = libtcod.random_get_int(0, 0, 100)
            if choice < 55:
                # create a goblin
                fighter_component = Fighter(hp=10, defense=0, power=3, death_function=monster_death)
                ai_component = BasicMonster()

                monster = Object(x, y, 'g', 'goblin', libtcod.black, blocks=True,
                fighter=fighter_component, ai=ai_component)
            elif choice < 55+30:
                # create an orc
                fighter_component = Fighter(hp=15, defense=1, power=4, death_function=monster_death)
                ai_component = BasicMonster()

                monster = Object(x, y, 'O', 'ogre', libtcod.dark_red, blocks=True,
                fighter=fighter_component, ai=ai_component)
            elif choice < 55+30+14:
                # create a troll
                fighter_component = Fighter(hp=20, defense=1, power=5, death_function=monster_death)
                ai_component = BasicMonster()

                monster = Object(x, y, 'T', 'troll', libtcod.darker_orange,
                blocks=True, fighter=fighter_component, ai=ai_component)
            else:
                # create a dragon
                fighter_component = Fighter(hp=200, defense=5, power=12, death_function=monster_death)
                ai_component = BasicMonster()

                monster = Object(x, y, 'D', 'dragon', libtcod.red, blocks=True,
                fighter=fighter_component, ai=ai_component)

            objects.append(monster)

def create_h_tunnel(x1, x2, y):
    global map
    # horizontal tunnel. min() and max() are used in case x1>x2
    for x in range(min(x1, x2), max(x1, x2) + 1):
        map[x][y].blocked = False
        map[x][y].block_sight = False

def create_v_tunnel(y1, y2, x):
    global map
    # vertical tunnel
    for y in range(min(y1, y2), max(y1, y2) + 1):
        map[x][y].blocked = False
        map[x][y].block_sight = False

def make_map():
    global map, player

    # fill map with "blocked" tiles
    map = [[ Tile(True)
        for y in range(MAP_HEIGHT) ]
            for x in range(MAP_WIDTH) ]

    rooms = []
    num_rooms = 0

    for r in range(MAX_ROOMS):
        # random width and height
        w = libtcod.random_get_int(0, ROOM_MIN_SIZE, ROOM_MAX_SIZE)
        h = libtcod.random_get_int(0, ROOM_MIN_SIZE, ROOM_MAX_SIZE)
        # random position without going out of the boundaries of the map
        x = libtcod.random_get_int(0, 0, MAP_WIDTH - w - 1)
        y = libtcod.random_get_int(0, 0, MAP_HEIGHT - h - 1)

        # "Rect" class makes rectangles easier to work with
        new_room = Rect(x, y, w, h)

        # run through the other rooms and see if they intersect with this one
        failed = False
        for other_room in rooms:
            if new_room.intersect(other_room):
                failed = True
                break

        if not failed:
            # this means there are no intersections, so this room is valid

            # "paint" it to the map's tiles
            create_room(new_room)

            # center coordinates of new room, will be useful later
            (new_x, new_y) = new_room.center()

            if num_rooms == 0:
                # this is the first room, where the player starts at
                player.x = new_x
                player.y = new_y
            else:
                # all rooms after the first:
                # connect it to the previous room with a tunnel

                # center coordinates of previous room
                (prev_x, prev_y) = rooms[num_rooms-1].center()

                # draw a coin (random number that is either 0 or 1)
                if libtcod.random_get_int(0, 0, 1) == 1:
                    # first move horizontally, then vertically
                    create_h_tunnel(prev_x, new_x, prev_y)
                    create_v_tunnel(prev_y, new_y, new_x)
                else:
                    # first move vertically, then horizontally
                    create_v_tunnel(prev_y, new_y, prev_x)
                    create_h_tunnel(prev_x, new_x, new_y)

            # add contents to room, ie monsters
            place_objects(new_room)

            # finally, append the new room to the list
            rooms.append(new_room)
            num_rooms += 1


def render_all():
    global fov_map, color_dark_wall, color_light_wall
    global color_dark_ground, color_light_ground
    global fov_recompute

    if fov_recompute:
        # recompute FOV if needed (the player moved or something)
        fov_recompute = False
        libtcod.map_compute_fov(fov_map, player.x, player.y, TORCH_RADIUS, FOV_LIGHT_WALLS, FOV_ALGO)

        # go through all tiles, and set their background color according to the FOV
        for y in range(MAP_HEIGHT):
            for x in range(MAP_WIDTH):
                visible = libtcod.map_is_in_fov(fov_map, x, y)
                wall = map[x][y].block_sight
                if not visible:
                    # if it's not visible right now, the player can only see it if it's explored
                    if map[x][y].explored:
                        if wall:
                            libtcod.console_set_char_background(con, x, y, color_dark_wall,
                            libtcod.BKGND_SET)
                        else:
                            libtcod.console_set_char_background(con, x, y, color_dark_ground,
                            libtcod.BKGND_SET)
                else:
                    # it's visible
                    if wall:
                        libtcod.console_set_char_background(con, x, y, color_light_wall,
                        libtcod.BKGND_SET )
                    else:
                        libtcod.console_set_char_background(con, x, y, color_light_ground,
                        libtcod.BKGND_SET )
                    # since it's visible, explore it
                    map[x][y].explored = True

    # draw all objects in the list
    for object in objects:
        if object != player:
            object.draw()
    player.draw()

    # blit the contents of "con" to the root console
    libtcod.console_blit(con, 0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, 0, 0, 0)

    # prepare to render the GUI panel
    libtcod.console_set_default_background(panel, libtcod.black)
    libtcod.console_clear(panel)

    # print the game messages, one line at a time
    y = 1
    for (line, color) in game_msgs:
        libtcod.console_set_default_foreground(panel, color)
        libtcod.console_print_ex(panel, MSG_X, y, libtcod.BKGND_NONE, libtcod.LEFT, line)
        y += 1

    # show the player's stats
    render_bar(1, 1, BAR_WIDTH, 'HP', player.fighter.hp, player.fighter.max_hp,
    libtcod.light_red, libtcod.darker_red)

    # display names of objects under the mouse
    libtcod.console_set_default_foreground(panel, libtcod.light_gray)
    libtcod.console_print_ex(panel, 1, 0, libtcod.BKGND_NONE, libtcod.LEFT, get_names_under_mouse())

    # blit the contents of the "panel" to the root console
    libtcod.console_blit(panel, 0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, PANEL_HEIGHT, 0, 0, PANEL_Y)

def render_bar(x, y, total_width, name, value, maximum, bar_color, back_color):
    # render a bar (HP, xp, etc). First calculate bar width
    bar_width = int(float(value) / maximum * total_width)

    # render the background first
    libtcod.console_set_default_background(panel, back_color)
    libtcod.console_rect(panel, x, y, total_width, 1, False, libtcod.BKGND_SCREEN)

    # now render the bar on top
    libtcod.console_set_default_background(panel, bar_color)
    if bar_width > 0:
        libtcod.console_rect(panel, x, y, bar_width, 1, False, libtcod.BKGND_SCREEN)

    # finally, come centered text with the values
    libtcod.console_set_default_foreground(panel, libtcod.white)
    libtcod.console_print_ex(panel, x + total_width / 2, y, libtcod.BKGND_NONE,
    libtcod.CENTER, name + ' : ' + str(value) + '/' + str(maximum))

def player_move_or_attack(dx, dy):
    global fov_recompute

    # the coordinates the player is moving to/attacking
    x = player.x + dx
    y = player.y + dy

    # try to find an attackable object there
    target = None
    for object in objects:
        if object.fighter and object.x == x and object.y == y:
            target = object
            break

    if target is not None:
        player.fighter.attack(target)
    else:
        player.move(dx, dy)
        fov_recompute = True

def player_death(player):
    # the game ended!
    global game_state
    message('You died!', libtcod.red)
    game_state = 'dead'

    # for added effect, transform the player into a corpse!
    player.char = '%'
    player.color = libtcod.dark_red

def monster_death(monster):
    # transform it into a nasty corpse! it doesn't block, can't be attacked,
    # doesn't move
    message(monster.name.capitalize() + ' is dead!', libtcod.orange)
    monster.char = '%'
    monster.color = libtcod.dark_red
    monster.blocks = False
    monster.fighter = None
    monster.ai = None
    monster.name = 'remains of ' + monster.name
    monster.send_to_back()

def get_names_under_mouse():
    global mouse

    # return a string with the names of all objects under the mosue
    (x, y) = (mouse.cx, mouse.cy)

    # create a list with the names of all objects at the mouse's coordinates and in FOV
    names = [obj.name for obj in objects if obj.x == x and obj.y == y and
    libtcod.map_is_in_fov(fov_map, obj.x, obj.y)]

    names = ', '.join(names) # join the names, separated by commas
    return names.capitalize()

def handle_keys():
    global key
    # key = libtcod.console_wait_for_keypress(True)

    if key.vk == libtcod.KEY_ENTER and key.lalt:
        # Alt+Enter: toggle fullscreen
        libtcod.console_set_fullscreen(not libtcod.console_is_fullscreen())

    elif key.vk == libtcod.KEY_ESCAPE:
        return 'exit'  # exit game

    # movement keys
    if game_state == 'playing':
        if key.vk == libtcod.KEY_UP and key.pressed == True:
            player_move_or_attack(0, -1)
            print 'up'
            print key.vk
            print key.c
            print key.pressed

        elif key.vk == libtcod.KEY_DOWN:
            player_move_or_attack(0, 1)
            print 'down'
            print key.vk
            print key.c
            print key.pressed

        elif  key.vk == libtcod.KEY_LEFT:
            player_move_or_attack(-1, 0)
            print 'left'
            print key.vk
            print key.c
            print key.pressed

        elif  key.vk == libtcod.KEY_RIGHT:
            player_move_or_attack(1, 0)
            print 'right'
            print key.vk
            print key.c
            print key.pressed

        else:
            return 'didnt-take-turn'


#############################################
# Initialization & Main Loop
#############################################

libtcod.console_set_custom_font('arial10x10.png', libtcod.FONT_TYPE_GREYSCALE | libtcod.FONT_LAYOUT_TCOD)
libtcod.console_init_root(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, ROGUELIKE_NAME, False)
libtcod.sys_set_fps(LIMIT_FPS)
con = libtcod.console_new(MAP_WIDTH, MAP_HEIGHT)
panel = libtcod.console_new(SCREEN_WIDTH, PANEL_HEIGHT)

# create object representing the player
fighter_component = Fighter(hp=30, defense=2, power=5, death_function=player_death)
player = Object(0, 0, '@', 'player', libtcod.white, blocks=True, fighter=fighter_component)

# the list of objects starting with the player
objects = [player]

# generate map (at this point it's not drawn to the screen)
make_map()

# create the FOV map, according to the generated map
fov_map = libtcod.map_new(MAP_WIDTH, MAP_HEIGHT)
for y in range(MAP_HEIGHT):
    for x in range(MAP_WIDTH):
        libtcod.map_set_properties(fov_map, x, y, not map[x][y].block_sight, not map[x][y].blocked)


fov_recompute = True
game_state = 'playing'
player_action = None

# create the list of game mesages and their colors. Starts empty.
game_msgs = []

# initial message
message("""Welcome stranger! Prepare to perish in the dungeons of STEWA.
Beware - sometimes, Dragons roam.""", libtcod.red)

mouse = libtcod.Mouse()
key = libtcod.Key()

while not libtcod.console_is_window_closed():
    # render the screen
    libtcod.sys_check_for_event(libtcod.EVENT_KEY_PRESS|libtcod.EVENT_MOUSE,key,mouse)
    render_all()

    libtcod.console_flush()

    # erase all objects at their old locations, before they move
    for object in objects:
        object.clear()

    # handle keys and exit game if needed
    player_action = handle_keys()
    if player_action == 'exit':
        break

    # let monsters take their turn
    if game_state == 'playing' and player_action != 'didnt-take-turn':
        for object in objects:
            if object.ai:
                object.ai.take_turn()