2017-10-24 Grammar: passives with "get"

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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Homework: p. 218-219 exercise 7 - Put a check mark next to the correct sentences and fix the incorrect sentences.
Check your answers with your partner. Did you choose the same sentences?
Incorrect sentences (and corrections):
1 b - A surprising thing happened at the game yesterday.
2 b - I agree with Dr. Ikeda’s theory. (“agree” is a regular verb in English, not an adjective)
3 a - Professor Quirk gave us a difficult math problem.
      Professor Quirk has given us a difficult math problem.
      Professor Quirk was given a difficult math problem (by us). (different meaning)
  d - The answer to the problem appeared to me in a dream. (“appear” is intransitive)
4 b - (active sentence with passive grammar)
  d - (passive sentence with active grammar)
5 d - People seem to be in shock. (“seem” is intransitive)
6 a - What happened? (“happen” is intransitive)
   c - What occurred? (“occur” is intransitive)
7 a - Will our plan succeed? (“succeed” is an intransitive verb) / Will our plan be successful?
  d - Will people agree with it? (no “be agree”)
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transitive: A [verbs] B. = B is [verbed] by A.
ditransitive/bitransitive: A [verbs] B [preposition] C / A [verbs] C B
		example: I gave the book to my sister. / I gave my sister the book.
intransitive: A [verbs]. (no passive form)
	(With nouns A and B)
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Verbs like “give” sometimes have two transitive forms:
She was given a gift by her husband.
The gift was given to her by her husband.
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p. 218 exercise 6 - Ask the questions and answer them in the passive voice.
1 The Eiffel tower was designed by the engineer Gustave Eiffel.
2 Taxes are collected by the government.
3 My last English class was taught by _____.
4 I have been helped a lot by my parents.
5 My favorite music is sung by Ed Sheeran.
6 This activity is being supervised by Greg.
7 My next bill will be paid by me.
8 My future is going to be decided by me.
	(7 and 8 would be uncommon in passive. Active is much more common when the agent is a pronoun.)
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He bought him a book. - “he” and “him” are different guys
He bought himself a book. - There is only one guy.
- We generally use reflexive (-self) pronouns when the subject and object are the same.
- We can add just the pronoun to emphasize that something happened without help.
- We can add “by” and the pronoun to say that something was done alone.
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Passive with “get”
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It’s common to use “get” instead of “be” for passive when the sentence is
1) informal
2) about a change of state for something that already existed
(We also use it for changes of state for many other adjectives.)
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My house is getting painted next week.
- My house already exists and it will be a painted house after next week.
*The Mona Lisa got painted by Leonardo da Vinci.
- INCORRECT, because the Mona Lisa didn’t exist before da Vinci painted it.
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Many past participles we use with “get” are more or less adjectives in that sentence.
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Homework: p. 239 exercise 40