local function UInt32ToDouble(num) // credits to cake
	local negative = false
	if num >= 0x80000000 then
		negative = true
		num = num - 0x80000000
	end

	local biasedExponent = bit.rshift(bit.band(num, 0x7FF00000), 20)
	local mantissa = (bit.band(num, 0x000FFFFF) * 4294967296 + num) / 2 ^ 52
	local f
	if biasedExponent == 0x0000 then
		f = mantissa == 0 and 0 or math.ldexp(mantissa, -1022)
	elseif biasedExponent == 0x07FF then
		f = mantissa == 0 and math.huge or (math.huge - math.huge)
	else
		f = math.ldexp(1 + mantissa, biasedExponent - 1023)
	end

	return negative and -f or f
end

local function __readMemory(address, len)
	local blankName, upFunction = debug.getupvalue(ipairs, 1) // backup ipairsaux
	debug.setupvalue(ipairs, 1, UInt32ToDouble(address - 8)) // set first upvalue to converted address
	local addrFunction = ipairs({}) // lua_pushvalue(L,lua_upvalueindex(1));
	debug.setupvalue(ipairs, 1, upFunction) // return upvalue to ipairsaux
	local fenvAddrNameFN = debug.getfenv(addrFunction)
	local memeAddress = tonumber(string.format("%p", fenvAddrNameFN), 16)
	memeAddress = bit.tohex(memeAddress, 8)
	local memeAddress2 = ""
	for i in memeAddress:gmatch("..") do
		memeAddress2 = string.char(tonumber(i, 16)) .. memeAddress2
	end

	return memeAddress2:sub(1, len or 4)
end

local function readMemory(address, len)
	local returnStr = ""
	for i = 1, len or 1, 4 do
		returnStr = returnStr .. __readMemory(address - 1, math.min(len - (i - 1), 4))
	end

	return returnStr
end

kmem = {}
kmem.util = {}
kmem.read = {}
function kmem.util:address(obj)
	return tonumber(string.format("%p", obj))
end

function kmem.util:hex(num)
	return "0x" .. string.format("%x", tostring(num)):upper()
end

function kmem.read:uint8(addr)
	return readMemory(addr, 1):byte()
end

function kmem.read:uint16(addr)
	local returnStr = ""
	returnStr = returnStr .. string.format("%02x", readMemory(addr + 1, 1):byte())
	returnStr = returnStr .. string.format("%02x", readMemory(addr, 1):byte())
	return tonumber(returnStr, 16)
end

function kmem.read:uint24(addr)
	local returnStr = ""
	returnStr = returnStr .. string.format("%02x", readMemory(addr + 2, 1):byte())
	returnStr = returnStr .. string.format("%02x", readMemory(addr + 1, 1):byte())
	returnStr = returnStr .. string.format("%02x", readMemory(addr, 1):byte())
	return tonumber(returnStr, 16)
end

function kmem.read:uint32(addr)
	local blankName, upFunction = debug.getupvalue(ipairs, 1)
	debug.setupvalue(ipairs, 1, UInt32ToDouble(addr - 8))
	local addrFunction = ipairs({})
	debug.setupvalue(ipairs, 1, upFunction)
	local fenvAddrNameFN = debug.getfenv(addrFunction)
	local memeAddress = tonumber(string.format("%p", fenvAddrNameFN), 16)
	return memeAddress
end