2014-10-01 Structure: articles

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Homework: p. 105-107 reading and questions
p. 107 A
1 e
2 d
3 g
4 h
5 c
6 a
7 b
8 f
settle: stop moving and start living somewhere
B
1 F - Polynesians
2 T
3 T
4 F - they probably used canoe rails
5 T
6 T
7 F - drier
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ARTICLES
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(articles and quantifiers are both types of determiner)

Indefinite Articles: a/an
	(an hour, a hotel, a university, an umbrella, a one-way road)
singular count nouns (ONLY), non-specific and generic meanings
I bought a new computer yesterday. (there are many computers - nonspecific)
A computer is a very useful machine in today's world. (all computers - generic)

No Article / Zero Article (Ø)
- plural and noncount nouns, non-specific and generic meanings
I bought new computers for the school. (could also say "some" = non-specific)
Computers are very useful in today's world. (generic)
I bought soda for the party. (non-specific)
You shouldn't drink so much soda. Soda isn't healthy. (generic)
- many proper nouns: Boston, Lake Michigan, Russia, Greg
	(no "the" with the names of most lakes, bays, and harbors)

Definite Article: the
- all types of nouns, specific meaning
(especially the next time you mention something that was non-specific before)
The new computer is much faster than my old one.
The new computers look much nicer in the computer lab.
The soda is in the refrigerator.
He is the president of the company. (first time I mention it, but unique president)
She is the smartest person in the class. (there's only one superlative = specific)
- some count nouns, generic meaning
(especially singular inventions, technologies, species, or body parts)
The electronic computer was invented during the Second World War.
The chimpanzee is native to the rainforests of West Africa.
The heart pumps blood throughout the body.
(can also be plural, if I mean all of the ones on Earth)
The rainforests are in danger everywhere.
Plastic garbage is filling the oceans. (all the oceans on Earth)
- some proper nouns: the United States, the Bahamas, the Philippines, the Charles River, the Black Sea
(countries use "the" if the name includes a common noun or if it's a plural name for a group of islands)
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p. 110 exercise 1A
2 D
3 N (you could use "some" without changing the meaning)
4 D
5 G
6 G
7 G (I'm talking about the species, not just one specific tree.)
8 N
9 D/G
10 D (just the supply of seafood, not supplies in general)
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handout p. 238 exercise 10.1
an American
an informal situation
a formal situation
a firm handshake
a kiss
a person
a recent sporting event
a question
a snob
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Homework: finish 10.3 (a/an/the) and do 10.4 (a/an/the/Ø) on the handout