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- * MYSQL WON'T START OR STOP?:
- =============================
- You may never ever delete the mysql user "root". Although it has no password
- is set, the unix_auth plugin ensure that it can only be run locally as the root
- user. The credentials in /etc/mysql/debian.cnf specify the user are used by the
- init scripts to stop the server and perform logrotation. So in most of the
- time you can fix the situation by making sure that the /etc/mysql/debian.cnf
- file specifies the root user and no password.
- This used to be the debian-sys-maint user which is no longer used.
- * WHAT TO DO AFTER UPGRADES:
- ============================
- The privilege tables are automatically updated so all there is left is read
- the release notes on https://mariadb.com/kb/en/release-notes/ to see if any
- changes affect custom apps.
- * WHAT TO DO AFTER INSTALLATION:
- ================================
- The MySQL manual describes certain steps to do at this stage in a separate
- chapter. They are not necessary as the Debian packages does them
- automatically.
- The only thing that is left over for the admin is
- - setting the passwords
- - creating new users and databases
- - read the rest of this text
- * NETWORKING:
- =============
- For security reasons, the Debian package has enabled networking only on the
- loop-back device using "bind-address" in /etc/mysql/my.cnf. Check with
- "netstat -tlnp" where it is listening. If your connection is aborted
- immediately check your firewall rules or network routes.
- * WHERE IS THE DOCUMENTATION?:
- ==============================
- https://mariadb.com/kb
- * PASSWORDS:
- ============
- It is strongly recommended you create an admin users for your database
- adminstration needs.
- If your your local unix account is the one you want to have local super user
- access on your database with you can create the following account that will
- only work for the local unix user connecting to the database locally.
- sudo /usr/bin/mysql -e "GRANT ALL ON *.* TO '$USER'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED VIA unix_socket WITH GRANT OPTION"
- To create a local machine account username=USERNAME with a password:
- sudo /usr/bin/mysql -e "GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'USERNAME'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION"
- To create a USERNAME user with password 'password' admin user that can access
- the DB server over the network:
- sudo /usr/bin/mysql -e "GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'USERNAME'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password' WITH GRANT OPTION"
- Scripts should run as a user have have the required grants and be identified via unix_socket.
- If you are too tired to type the password in every time and unix_socket auth
- doesn't suit your needs, you can store it in the file $HOME/.my.cnf. It should
- be chmod 0600 (-rw------- username username .my.cnf) to ensure that nobody else
- can read it. Every other configuration parameter can be stored there, too.
- For more information in the MariaDB manual in/usr/share/doc/mariadb-doc or
- https://mariadb.com/kb/en/configuring-mariadb-with-mycnf/.
- ATTENTION: It is necessary, that a ~/.my.cnf from root always contains a "user"
- line wherever there is a "password" line, else, the Debian maintenance
- scripts, that use /etc/mysql/debian.cnf, will use the username
- "root" but the password that is in root's .my.cnf. Also note,
- that every change you make in the /root/.my.cnf will affect the mysql cron
- script, too.
- # an example of $HOME/.my.cnf
- [client]
- user = your-mysql-username
- password = enter-your-good-new-password-here
- * FURTHER NOTES ON REPLICATION
- ===============================
- If the MySQL server is acting as a replication slave, you should not
- set --tmpdir to point to a directory on a memory-based filesystem or to
- a directory that is cleared when the server host restarts. A replication
- slave needs some of its temporary files to survive a machine restart so
- that it can replicate temporary tables or LOAD DATA INFILE operations. If
- files in the temporary file directory are lost when the server restarts,
- replication fails.
- * DOWNGRADING
- ============================
- Unsupported. Period.
- You might get lucky downgrading a few minor versions without issued. Take a
- backup first. If you break it you get to keep both pieces. Do a restore from
- backup or upgrade to the previous version.
- If doing a major version downgrade, take a mysqldump/mydumpber consistent
- backup using the current version and reload after downgrading and purging
- existing databases.
- * BACKUPS
- ============================
- Backups save jobs. Don't get caught without one.
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