$ (head -n 1; tail -n 1) < файл

$ (head -n 1; wc -l) < файл

$ (wc -l; head -n 1) < файл

$ (busybox head -n 1; tail -n 1) < файл

$ cat файл | (head -n 1; tail -n 1)
$ (head -n 1; tail -n 1) < <(cat файл)

$ head --version
head (GNU coreutils) 8.26
Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

Written by David MacKenzie and Jim Meyering.
$ wc --version
wc (GNU coreutils) 8.26
Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

Written by Paul Rubin and David MacKenzie.
$ bash --version
GNU bash, version 4.4.12(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)
Copyright (C) 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>

This is free software; you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

$ cat file
first line
second line
last line

$ (strace head -n 1; head -n 1) < file
read(0, "first linensecond linenlast line"..., 8192) = 33
lseek(0, -22, SEEK_CUR)                 = 11
write(1, "first linen", 11)            = 11

$ (truss head -n 1; head -n 1) < file
read(0, " f i r s t   l i n en s".., 4096)     = 33
write(1, " f i r s t   l i n en", 11)          = 11
llseek(0, 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEA, SEEK_CUR)         = 11

$ (truss head -n 1 ; head -n 1) < file
read(0,"first linensecond linenlast li"...,32768) = 33 (0x21)
write(1,"first linen",11)           = 11 (0xb)

$ cat файл | (head -n 1; head -n 1)

tee >(head -n1) >(tail -n1) >/dev/null

$ cat /tmp/file
head_line
body
tail_line

head_line

head_line
tail_line

head_line
body

head_line