nginx et php

Nginx utilise fastcgi et donc php en fpm.
/etc/nginx/fastcgi_params :

fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  PATH_INFO          $fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param  PATH_TRANSLATED    $document_root$fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param  HTTPS              $https if_not_empty;

fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx/$nginx_version;

fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;

Exemple de configuration :

location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$) {
	fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
	root /var/www/facetious-pelican/html/;
	if (!-f $document_root$fastcgi_script_name) {
		return 404;
	}
	fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
	fastcgi_index index.php;
	include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
}

Le site se trouve dans /var/www/facetious-pelican/html/.
Le fichier appelé, test/test.php, contient ceci :

<pre><?php var_export($_SERVER)?></pre>

Et il renvoie ceci :

array (
  'USER' => 'www-data',
  'HOME' => '/var/www',
  'FCGI_ROLE' => 'RESPONDER',
  'QUERY_STRING' => '',
  'REQUEST_METHOD' => 'GET',
  'CONTENT_TYPE' => '',
  'CONTENT_LENGTH' => '',
  'SCRIPT_FILENAME' => '/var/www/facetious-pelican/html/test/test.php',
  'SCRIPT_NAME' => '/test/test.php',
  'PATH_INFO' => '',
  'PATH_TRANSLATED' => '/var/www/facetious-pelican/html',
  'REQUEST_URI' => '/test/test.php',
  'DOCUMENT_URI' => '/test/test.php',
  'DOCUMENT_ROOT' => '/var/www/facetious-pelican/html',
  'SERVER_PROTOCOL' => 'HTTP/1.1',
  'GATEWAY_INTERFACE' => 'CGI/1.1',
  'SERVER_SOFTWARE' => 'nginx/1.4.4',
  'REMOTE_ADDR' => '127.0.0.1',
  'REMOTE_PORT' => '54654',
  'SERVER_ADDR' => '127.0.0.1',
  'SERVER_PORT' => '80',
  'SERVER_NAME' => 'facetious-pelican',
  'REDIRECT_STATUS' => '200',
  'HTTP_HOST' => 'facetious-pelican',
  'HTTP_USER_AGENT' => 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; rv:20.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/20.0 Iceweasel/20.0',
  'HTTP_ACCEPT' => 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
  'HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE' => 'en-US,en;q=0.5',
  'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING' => 'gzip, deflate',
  'HTTP_CONNECTION' => 'keep-alive',
  'HTTP_CACHE_CONTROL' => 'max-age=0',
  'PHP_SELF' => '/test/test.php',
  'REQUEST_TIME_FLOAT' => 1390690367.819366,
  'REQUEST_TIME' => 1390690367,
)


Sources et références :
http://wiki.nginx.org/PHPFcgiExample

Infos système :
para@para-clevo:/etc/nginx$ php5-fpm --version
PHP 5.5.8-2 (fpm-fcgi) (built: Jan 12 2014 10:36:01)
Copyright (c) 1997-2013 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.5.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2013 Zend Technologies
    with Zend OPcache v7.0.3-dev, Copyright (c) 1999-2013, by Zend Technologies

para@para-clevo:/etc/nginx$ nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.4.4


Il se peut que nginx balance l'erreur suivante : (/var/log/nginx/error.log)
2014/11/11 22:41:51 [crit] 22493#0: *7159 connect() to unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream, client: 81.164.20.137, server: facetious-pelican.fuuu.be, request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock:", host: "facetious-pelican.fuuu.be"

=> C'est une question de permission sur le socket de php5-fpm.

1/ checker le nom d'utilisateur utilisé par nginx : (/etc/nginx/nginx.conf)
...
user  nginx;
...

2/ modifier /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/www.conf :
user = nginx
group = nginx

listen.owner = nginx
listen.group = nginx
listen.mode = 0660

3/ sudo service php5-fpm stop
sudo service php5-fpm start