2016-11-10 Rodrigo: go over reading test

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all my classes
---
1 - “Only the last of these” means the last of the list from the previous sentence: “animal or human muscles; the wind, operating on sail or windmill; and running water”, so it means only water was suitable for the continuous operating of machines.
- The paraphrase question type requires that you get *all* the information from the sentence.
7 - Because a piston in a cylinder had been used from the “early in the century”, Watt’s engine didn’t differ from earlier engines in this way.
13 - The sentence you insert is more specific than, “It liberated industry from dependence on running water,” so should probably come after that sentence, as a supporting detail.
24 - Because it’s an adverb, it’s modifying “everywhere”, only “nearly” and “absolutely” would make sense as modifiers for that. (You also need to understand that the rest of the paragraph talks about how it’s pretty certain that it works everywhere.)
26 - Limestone can be in Cambrian layers or Jurassic layers, but trilobites are only in the Cambrian and Dinosaurs are only in the Jurassic (and Triassic and Cretaceous). “Relative temporal sequence” simply means you know which layer is older.
28 - D and E are true, but they aren’t major points that support the sentence at the top.
- Options for summary questions can be wrong because they are too minor, or because they are inaccurate or irrelevant to the main point.
32 - Which theory was not refuted? (This doesn’t mean, which theory was proven or supported.
- The sheer passage of time does not account for it. (not A)
- that infants do not form enduring memories at this point also is incorrect (not B)
- Nor does the hypothesis that it reflects repression explain the phenomenon (not C)
- People cannot remember ordinary events, either. (This doesn’t say yes or no to the question of whether the memories are “too ordinary”, so the “theory” in answer D is never addressed one way or the other.)
34 - “Through hearing stories with a clear beginning, middle, and ending, children may learn to extract the gist of events in ways that they will be able to describe many years later.” = The ordered structure of stories might help children be able to describe memories later.
- ‘A’ might happen, but it isn’t described in the paragraph, so that’s not the role “according to paragraph 4”
psychological (about the mind) / physiological (about the body and how it works)
42 - A and E are minor details, C isn’t relevant to possible explanations why people cannot easily remember their early childhoods.
---
Homework: finish the listening and writing tasks I gave you before, and look over the handout from today about answering summary questions. (Identify which statements are summary points, minor details, or not mentioned in the passage.)