colecciones y mas

>>> lista = []
>>> lista = [1,"we", True, [1,2,3], 78]
>>> lista[0]
1
>>> lista[1]
'we'
>>> lista[-1]
78
>>> lista[-2]
[1, 2, 3]
>>>
>>> lista[-1] = "Soy el ultimo"
>>> lista
[1, 'we', True, [1, 2, 3], 'Soy el ultimo']
>>> lista.append(25)
>>> lista
[1, 'we', True, [1, 2, 3], 'Soy el ultimo', 25]
>>> lista.insert(1,"Segundo")
>>> lista
[1, 'Segundo', 'we', True, [1, 2, 3], 'Soy el ultimo', 25]
>>> del(lista[2])
>>> lista
[1, 'Segundo', True, [1, 2, 3], 'Soy el ultimo', 25]
>>> 23.append(12)
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    23.append(12)
      ^
SyntaxError: invalid decimal literal
>>> a = 23
>>> a.append(12)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'append'
>>> lista[3]
[1, 2, 3]
>>> lista[3][1]
2
>>> lista
[1, 'Segundo', True, [1, 2, 3], 'Soy el ultimo', 25]
>>> del(lista[3][1])
>>> lista
[1, 'Segundo', True, [1, 3], 'Soy el ultimo', 25]
>>> help(list)
Help on class list in module builtins:

class list(object)
 |  list(iterable=(), /)
 |
 |  Built-in mutable sequence.
 |
 |  If no argument is given, the constructor creates a new empty list.
 |  The argument must be an iterable if specified.
 |
 |  Methods defined here:
 |
 |  __add__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self+value.
 |
 |  __contains__(self, key, /)
 |      Return key in self.
 |
 |  __delitem__(self, key, /)
 |      Delete self[key].
 |
 |  __eq__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self==value.
 |
 |  __ge__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self>=value.
 |
 |  __getattribute__(self, name, /)
 |      Return getattr(self, name).
 |
 |  __getitem__(...)
 |      x.__getitem__(y) <==> x[y]
 |
 |  __gt__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self>value.
 |
 |  __iadd__(self, value, /)
 |      Implement self+=value.
 |
 |  __imul__(self, value, /)
 |      Implement self*=value.
 |
 |  __init__(self, /, *args, **kwargs)
 |      Initialize self.  See help(type(self)) for accurate signature.
 |
 |  __iter__(self, /)
 |      Implement iter(self).
 |
 |  __le__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self<=value.
 |
 |  __len__(self, /)
 |      Return len(self).
 |
 |  __lt__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self<value.
 |
 |  __mul__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self*value.
 |
 |  __ne__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self!=value.
 |
 |  __repr__(self, /)
 |      Return repr(self).
 |
 |  __reversed__(self, /)
 |      Return a reverse iterator over the list.
 |
 |  __rmul__(self, value, /)
 |      Return value*self.
 |
 |  __setitem__(self, key, value, /)
 |      Set self[key] to value.
 |
 |  __sizeof__(self, /)
 |      Return the size of the list in memory, in bytes.
 |
 |  append(self, object, /)
 |      Append object to the end of the list.
 |
 |  clear(self, /)
 |      Remove all items from list.
 |
 |  copy(self, /)
 |      Return a shallow copy of the list.
 |
 |  count(self, value, /)
 |      Return number of occurrences of value.
 |
 |  extend(self, iterable, /)
 |      Extend list by appending elements from the iterable.
 |
 |  index(self, value, start=0, stop=9223372036854775807, /)
 |      Return first index of value.
 |
 |      Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
 |
 |  insert(self, index, object, /)
 |      Insert object before index.
 |
 |  pop(self, index=-1, /)
 |      Remove and return item at index (default last).

>>> lista
[1, 'Segundo', True, [1, 3], 'Soy el ultimo', 25]
>>> lista.clear()
>>> lista
[]
>>> tupla = (1,2,3)
>>> tupla(-1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: 'tuple' object is not callable
>>> tupla[-1]
3
>>> tupla[-1] = 45
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment
>>> del(tupla[0])
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: 'tuple' object doesn't support item deletion
>>> tupla = (1)
>>> type(tupla)
<class 'int'>
>>> tupla = (1,)
>>> type(tupla)
<class 'tuple'>
>>> help(tuple)
Help on class tuple in module builtins:

class tuple(object)
 |  tuple(iterable=(), /)
 |
 |  Built-in immutable sequence.
 |
 |  If no argument is given, the constructor returns an empty tuple.
 |  If iterable is specified the tuple is initialized from iterable's items.
 |
 |  If the argument is a tuple, the return value is the same object.
 |
 |  Built-in subclasses:
 |      asyncgen_hooks
 |      UnraisableHookArgs
 |
 |  Methods defined here:
 |
 |  __add__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self+value.
 |
 |  __contains__(self, key, /)
 |      Return key in self.
 |
 |  __eq__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self==value.
 |
 |  __ge__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self>=value.
 |
 |  __getattribute__(self, name, /)
 |      Return getattr(self, name).
 |
 |  __getitem__(self, key, /)
 |      Return self[key].
 |
 |  __getnewargs__(self, /)
 |
 |  __gt__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self>value.
 |
 |  __hash__(self, /)
 |      Return hash(self).
 |
 |  __iter__(self, /)
 |      Implement iter(self).
 |
 |  __le__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self<=value.
 |
 |  __len__(self, /)
 |      Return len(self).
 |
 |  __lt__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self<value.
 |
 |  __mul__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self*value.
 |
 |  __ne__(self, value, /)
 |      Return self!=value.
 |
 |  __repr__(self, /)
 |      Return repr(self).
 |
 |  __rmul__(self, value, /)
 |      Return value*self.
 |
 |  count(self, value, /)
 |      Return number of occurrences of value.
 |
 |  index(self, value, start=0, stop=9223372036854775807, /)
 |      Return first index of value.
 |
 |      Raises ValueError if the value is not present.
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Class methods defined here:
 |
 |  __class_getitem__(...) from builtins.type
 |      See PEP 585
 |
 |  ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 |  Static methods defined here:
 |
 |  __new__(*args, **kwargs) from builtins.type
 |      Create and return a new object.  See help(type) for accurate signature.

>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> dicc = {}
>>> type(dicc)
<class 'dict'>
>>> dicc = {"marron":"brown", "rojo":"red", "gris":"gray"}
>>> len(dicc)
3
>>> lista
[]
>>> lista = [1,"we", True, [1,2,3], 78]
>>> len(lista)
5
>>> lista = [12,253,-256,0.002,-0.25]
>>> max(lista)
253
>>> min(lista)
-256
>>> sum(lista)
8.752
>>> sum(lista)/len(lista)
1.7504000000000002
>>> f"{sum(lista)/len(lista):-2f}"
'1.750400'
>>> f"{sum(lista)/len(lista):.2f}"
'1.75'
>>> f"{sum(lista)/len(lista):.4f}"
'1.7504'
>>> lista.sort()
>>> lista
[-256, -0.25, 0.002, 12, 253]
>>> lista.sort(reversed=False)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: 'reversed' is an invalid keyword argument for sort()
>>> lista.sort(reverse=False)
>>> lista
[-256, -0.25, 0.002, 12, 253]
>>> lista.sort(reverse=True)
>>> lista
[253, 12, 0.002, -0.25, -256]
>>> dicc
{'marron': 'brown', 'rojo': 'red', 'gris': 'gray'}
>>> dicc["blanco"] = "white"
>>> dicc
{'marron': 'brown', 'rojo': 'red', 'gris': 'gray', 'blanco': 'white'}
>>> dicc["marron"]
'brown'
>>> agenda = {"ale":3132135, "ale":456465}
>>> agenda
{'ale': 456465}
>>> agenda = {"ale":[3132135,456465]}
>>> agenda
{'ale': [3132135, 456465]}
>>> agenda = {31326+65:"ale"; 9987789879:"ale"}
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    agenda = {31326+65:"ale"; 9987789879:"ale"}
                            ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>> agenda = {31326+65:"ale", 9987789879:"ale"}
>>> agenda
{31391: 'ale', 9987789879: 'ale'}
>>> agenda.clear()
>>> agenda
{}
>>> dicc
{'marron': 'brown', 'rojo': 'red', 'gris': 'gray', 'blanco': 'white'}
>>> dicc["colorado"] = "red"
>>> dicc
{'marron': 'brown', 'rojo': 'red', 'gris': 'gray', 'blanco': 'white', 'colorado': 'red'}
>>> dicc["gris"] = "grey"
>>> dicc
{'marron': 'brown', 'rojo': 'red', 'gris': 'grey', 'blanco': 'white', 'colorado': 'red'}
>>> dicc.values()
dict_values(['brown', 'red', 'grey', 'white', 'red'])
>>> list(dicc.values())
['brown', 'red', 'grey', 'white', 'red']
>>> list(dicc.keys())
['marron', 'rojo', 'gris', 'blanco', 'colorado']
>>> for k,v in dicc.items():
...     print(k,v)
...
marron brown
rojo red
gris grey
blanco white
colorado red
>>> frase = "soy una frase"
>>> len(frase)
13
>>> frase.endswith("se")
True
>>> frase.endswith("ce")
False
>>> frase.startswith("ce")
False
>>> frase.upper()
'SOY UNA FRASE'
>>> frase.swapcase()
'SOY UNA FRASE'
>>> frase.lower()
'soy una frase'
>>> frase = "jkjKOKKKKñññ"
>>> frase.swapcase()
'JKJkokkkkÑÑÑ'
>>> frase
'jkjKOKKKKñññ'
>>> frase.lower()
'jkjkokkkkñññ'
>>> frase
'jkjKOKKKKñññ'
>>> frase = "HOLA a todos"
>>> frase.lower()
'hola a todos'
>>> frase.upper()
'HOLA A TODOS'
>>> frase.swapcase()
'hola A TODOS'
>>> frase
'HOLA a todos'
>>> frase = frase.swapcase()
>>> frase
'hola A TODOS'
>>> frase[-1]
'S'
>>> frase[0]
'h'
>>> lista
[253, 12, 0.002, -0.25, -256]
>>> lista[1:]
[12, 0.002, -0.25, -256]
>>> lista[1:-1]
[12, 0.002, -0.25]
>>> lista[1:-1:2]
[12, -0.25]
>>> frase
'hola A TODOS'
>>> frase[:]
'hola A TODOS'
>>> frase[:-1]
'hola A TODO'
>>> frase[2:-2]
'la A TOD'
>>> lista
[253, 12, 0.002, -0.25, -256]
>>> a,b,c,d,e=lista
>>> a
253
>>> b
12
>>> c
0.002
>>> d
-0.25
>>> e
-256
>>>