webinar-exam-review-2023-03-18

# Exam Review 2023 Mar 18

# LABS
# Ch 2-14... all Labs!
# Ch 21-34 just ADDITIONAL LABS, but important practice!
# Use Submit Mode!!!

# Watch your string input and output
# 1
# myVar = input().strip() # no harm, no foul
# 2 if you ever override end...
# print("something", end="\n")
# print("some stuff", end="") # but we need to get our \n back...
# print() # print(end="\n")

# print("Clean new line!") # safe!

# Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc -- about 50-55%
# Comp 2: Control Flow -- about  20-25%
# Comp 3: Modules and Files -- about 25%

# Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
# Operators
# = # assignment
# == # equality... asking, comparing... part of condition
# +
# -
# *
# /
# % # modulo, int remainder... "how many things left things?"
# // # floor division... x//y -> math.floor(x/y)
# <
# >
# <=
# >=
# += # increment... x+=1 --> x = x+1
# -= # decrement
# ** # raise to a power... pow() or math.pow()
# !=
# keywords used like operators
# in # if _someValue_ in _someContainer... if x in myList
# not # not _someValue_ in _someContainer_
# and
# or # any one True means whole condition is True... limit OR to 2 conditions
#... and + or use complete conditionss: if x > 5 and x % 2 = 0:

# Common Data Types

# int
# float
# bool
# str # ""
# list # [ ]
# dict # {key:value}
# tuple # ( )... immutable, Python sees x,y,z as (x,y,z)... return x,y -> return (x,y)
# set # { }... all unique values, is unordered.... no index, no slicing, no sorting
# range() # range(0, 4) --> sorta like [0, 1, 2, 3]

# Comp 2
# # the HOW stuff... control flow structures
# IF statements... if, if/else, if/elif, if/elif/else
# LOOPS
# WHILE - an IF that repeats
# FOR - looping over a container, or a known number of times... hence range()
# for ___ in _someContainer_:
# for item in myList:
# for i in range(0, len(myList)): # myList[i]
# for n in range(5):  # for n in range(0, 5) # --> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4] ... just for repetition
# for char in myStr:
# for key in myDict: # myDict[key] is the value

# FUNCTIONS
# defining/writing vs calling
# a function has ONE particular job
# parameters are special "variables"... they dont' work like "regular" variables
# parameter vs argument
# return vs print()...vs write a file... whatever the question says
# method are functions that belong to a particular class/type

# def someFunction(x, y):
#     return x * y
#
# if __name__ == "__main__": # is this script I'm writing the one that's running?
#     myInput = int(input())
#     myOther = int(input())
#     # num = someFunction(myInput, myOther)
#     # print(num)
#     print(someFunction(myInput, myOther))

# See "tasks" in the last section of Ch 10, 11, 13, 14 for function writing practice
# # CodingBat also has good function-based Python questions:
# # https://codingbat.com/python

# BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS
# input()
# print()
# len()
# str()
# list()
# dict()
# tuple()
# float()
# int()
# range()
# type() # x = [1, 2, 4] # print(type(x).__name__)
# max()
# min()
# sum() # avg is.... sum(thisList) / len(thisList)
# round() # buts its cousins math.ceil() and math.floor() are in the math module
# sorted() # returns the sorted list... compare list.sort() does not return
# reversed() # returns reversed list... same
# open()# IO/file --> f.read(), f.readlines(), f.write()
# help() # help(str), help(str.isspace)
# dir() # print(dir(str))

# STRINGS
# be able to slice like it's 2nd nature: myString[start:stop:step]
# myStr = "abcdef"
# revStr = myStr[::-1]
# print(revStr)

# KNOW YOUR WHITESPACE
# " " # ... many other Unicode spaces
# "\n"
# "\t"
# "\r"

# STRING METHODS
# myStr.format() # "stuff I want to put together {:.2f}".format(var) # f strings
# myStr.strip() # cousins .lstrip(), rstrip()
# myStr.split()  # returns a list of smaller strings
# myStr.join() # " ".join(listOfStrings)
# myStr.replace(subStr, newSub) # can use to "remove".... myStr = myStr.replace(subStr, "")
# myStr.find(subStr) # return its index, or -1
# myStr.count(subStr) # return number of occurences
# case: myStr.lower(), myStr.upper(), myStr.title(), myStr.capitalize()
# is/Boolean: myStr.isupper(), myStr.islower(), myStr.isspace(), myStr.isalpha(), myStr.isdigit(), myStr.isnumeric(), myStr.alnum()

# LISTS
# again know indices and be able to slice

# LIST METHODS
# # +
# myList.append(item)
# myList.insert(i, item)
# myList.extend(anotherList)
# # -
# myList.pop(i) # last by default
# myList.remove(item) # pop by index, remove by value
# myList.clear()
# # other...
# myList.sort()
# myList.reverse()
# myList.count(item)
# # not as important
# myList.copy()
# myList.index(item)


# DICT
# use the key like an index... myDict[key]
# myDict[key] # retrieve the value for that key, so like get()
# myDict[key] = value # assign (new) value for that key, so like update({k:v})
# myDict.keys()
# myDict.values()
# myDict.items() # for k, v in myDict.items() x, y = myList # if it has 2 values in it

# MODULES
# math and csv

# MATH MODULE
# import math # that's a FULL import
# math.factorial(x)
# math.ceil(x.yz)
# math.floor(x.yz)
# math.pow(x, y) # x ** y
# math.sqrt(x)
# math.fabs(x) # also built-in abs(x)
# math.e
# math.pi
#
# # PARTIAL IMPORT
# from math import factorial --> factorial()
# from math import ceil --> ceil()
# from math import * --> but still... ceil(), floor()
#
# # ALIAS IMPORT
# import math as m --> m.ceil()

# FILES!!!
# READ MODE
# with open("test.txt", "r") as f:
#     contents = f.readlines() # return a list of strings... each line is a string
# print(contents) # ['Hello.\n', 'This\n', 'is\n', 'just\n', 'a\n', 'string.\n', 'But...\n', 'with\n', 'many\n', 'line\n', 'breaks!']
# for line in contents:
#     line = line.strip()
#     print(line) # print(line, end="\n")

# CSV Module
# import csv
# with open("mock_data.csv", "r") as f1:
#     contents = list(csv.reader(f1)) # if a tsv... csv.reader(f1, delimiter="\t")
# # print(contents[0:20])
# # WRITE MODE
# with open("output_data14.csv", "w") as f2:
#     for line in contents:
#         # let's say... write out file where last name in data (inner list) starts with "P"...
#         if line[2][0] == "P": # if line[2].startswith("P"):
#             # takes a single string as its argument
#             f2.write(",".join(line)+"\n")

# APPEND MODE
# with open("append_to_this.txt", "r") as f3:
#     contents = f3.readlines()
# print(contents)
with open("append_to_this.txt", "a") as f4:
    f4.write("Pippin\n")