create procedure dbo.test1
as
begin
    IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#t') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE #t
    select 1 as Col1, 2 as Col2 into #t
    exec test2
end
go
---------вторая вызываемая ХП---------------
create procedure dbo.test2
as
begin
    IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#t') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE #t
    CREATE TABLE #t(Col1 int, Col2 int, Col3 int)

    insert into #t(Col1,Col2) values(4,5),(8,9)
     update #t set Col3 = 24
    select * from #t
end
go