webinar-print-2021-05-01

# All the Ways to Print
# the print() function and basic string object manipulation

# print() with one argument
print("Simple, one argument print call.")
print() # or none, just for a line return

# print() with multiple arguments
print("Hello.", "I'm", "Johnny", "Cash.")

# hidden keyword arguments: end and sep
print("Hello.", "I'm", "Johnny", "Cash", ".", sep="--", end="") # overrode sep=" " and end="\n" defaults
print('Next line? No.')

# ways we build up larger strings
# CONCATENATION + # easy to understand, also easy to mess up
x ="Sue"
print("My name is " + x + ". How do you do?") # if x wasn't a string, I'd recast it str(x)
myString = "My name is " + x + ". How do you do?"

# data conversion specifiers or "string modulo" %s %f %d
print("I bet there's rich folks %s and in a fancy %s." % ("eating", "dining car"))

# THE BEST WAY:  string class .format() method
print("They're probably drinking {} and smoking big {}!".format("coffee", "CIGARS"))

phone = 5553337878
phone = str(phone) # "5553337878"
myString = "({}){}-{}".format(phone[0:3], phone[3:6], phone[6:])
print(myString)

myList = ["Gilligan", "Scooby", "Agent Scully", "Fonzie"]
print(myList) # that's a list with [ ]
for item in myList:
    if myList[-1] == item:
        print(item)
    else:
        print(item, end=", ")

# for item in myList:
#     print(item, sep=",", end=" ") # doesn't work here, no sep b/c each call to print() has 1 arg only

# print(dir(str)) # to see methods and properties of a type
# help(str) # to see full help doc on type
# help(str.format) # to see help on just one method

# myString.method() is the usual syntax, but with .join() the separator string is what you start with...
print(", ".join(myList))

# help(str.join)
myTuple = ("Gilligan", "Castaway002", "red", "crew")
print(", ".join(myTuple))

import random
help(random.choice)


import math
# math.e or math.pi
print(math.e)

# string modulo/data conversion specifier
# 5 decimal places for a float --> %.5f
print("math.e to 5 places is %.5f" % math.e)

# 5 decimal places for .format() --> :.5f
print("math.e to 5 places is {:.5f}".format(math.e))

# Question: "Can you use string modulo and string .format() together
# Answer: No reason to, as you'd normally pick one OR the other. But you could...
# ... ponders stringly
# someVar = "pl{}".format("aces")
print("Pi to %d %s" % (5, "pl{}".format("aces")+"."))
# even better:
print("Pi to %d %s is %.5f%s" % (5, "pl{}".format("ac")+"es", math.pi, ".")) # inelegant, but it works!
# This has been a weird thought experiment in using string .format(), string modulo, and concatenation at the same time