>>> p1=Polygon([(0,0),(10,0),(10,10),(0,10)])
>>> p2=Polygon([(10,10),(20,10),(20,20),(10,20)])
>>> p3=Polygon([(10,10),(10,20),(0,10)])
>>>
>>> p4=Polygon([(40,40),(50,40),(50,30),(40,30)])
>>> p5=Polygon([(40,40),(50,40),(50,50),(40,50)])
>>> p6=Polygon([(40,40),(40,50),(30,50)])
>>>
>>> df=gpd.GeoDataFrame(geometry=[p1,p2,p3,p4,p5,p6])
>>> df
                                        geometry
0        POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))
1  POLYGON ((10 10, 20 10, 20 20, 10 20, 10 10))
2          POLYGON ((10 10, 10 20, 0 10, 10 10))
3  POLYGON ((40 40, 50 40, 50 30, 40 30, 40 40))
4  POLYGON ((40 40, 50 40, 50 50, 40 50, 40 40))
5         POLYGON ((40 40, 40 50, 30 50, 40 40))
>>>
>>> df.plot()

>>> SepIslands=gpd.GeoDataFrame(geometry=list(df.unary_union))
>>> SepIslands.plot()

>>> SepIslands['IslandID']=SepIslands.index+1

>>> Final=gpd.tools.sjoin(df, SepIslands, how='left').drop('index_right',1)
>>> Final
                                        geometry  IslandID
0        POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))         1
1  POLYGON ((10 10, 20 10, 20 20, 10 20, 10 10))         1
2          POLYGON ((10 10, 10 20, 0 10, 10 10))         1
3  POLYGON ((40 40, 50 40, 50 30, 40 30, 40 40))         2
4  POLYGON ((40 40, 50 40, 50 50, 40 50, 40 40))         2
5         POLYGON ((40 40, 40 50, 30 50, 40 40))         2