I vezba:

tar -xvf vezba1.tar.bz2
cd vezba1/
ll
mv tkst/ tekst
mv *.txt tekst/
mv .*.txt tekst/
ls -d.*
more .pastacode.txt
less .pastacode.txt
ll > ls.txt
diff ls2.txt ls.txt
pushd vezba1/
cat sardar.txt || cat sardar1.txt > sardar.txt
diff sardar.txt sardar1.txt
chmod u+r sardar2.txt
head -20 sardar2.txt
tail sardar.txt -f
cat sardar2.txt >> sardar.txt
mkdir -p sardar/complete
mv sardar.txt sardar/complete/sardar_all.txt
rm dir1
rm ./-o
grep -r santa .
grep -ri santa . && grep -ri singh .
grep -v -r Banta .
grep -ri money .
grep -ri -n money .
grep -ri money --context=1 .
grep -ril money  .
grep -ril money  . | xargs ls
grep -ril money  . | xargs rm -r
rm -rf safe
sort < declarations.h
sort -r < declarations.h
rsync -Pav tekst/ tekst1/
diff tekst/ tekst1/

II vezba:

ln -s ~/linux_vezbe/Dan01/vezbe/vezba1 vezba1
jobs
kill 9683
xkill
rsync -Pav /home/mika/linux_vezbe/Dan01/vezbe/vezba1 vezba1cp/
sed -i -e 's/^LOG/ALOG/g' sed2.txt
sed -i -e 's/^printf/printfile/g' sed2.txt
diff vezba1/ ~/linux_vezbe/Dan01/vezbe/vezba1
meld vezba1/ ~/linux_vezbe/Dan01/vezbe/vezba1
meld vezba1/sed1.txt ~/linux_vezbe/Dan01/vezbe/vezba1/sed1.txt
killall meld
tar -cjf vezba1.tar.bz2 vezba1/

IV vezba:


################################################################################
Pre svakog make odraditi export ARCH i CROSS_COMPILE
Posle svakog make(make iz src/linux) radi sledece
Kopiramo zImage iz linux-kernel-labs/src/linux/arch/arm/boot u /var/lib/tftpboot
################################################################################
Ako boot-ujemo sa NFS filesystem-om preko (preko mreze)

picocom -b 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0
Proveriti /etc/exports da li je dobar nfsroot
Restratovati nfs(sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart)

U u-boot kucamo ako vec nije podeseno na ovo

setenv bootargs "root=/dev/nfs rw ip=<IPadresarpi> console=ttyAMA0,115200 nfsroot=<IPadresapc>:/home/<user>/linux-kernel-labs/modules/nfsroot"
saveenv

A ako boot-ujemo preko mreze podesavamo bootargs na

setenv bootcmd "tftp 0x01000000 zImage; tftp 0x02000000 bcm2709-rpi-2-b.dtb; bootz 0x01000000 - 0x02000000"
saveenv

###############################################################################
A ako boot-ujemo sa kartice sa njegovim filesystem-om

setenv bootcmd run mmc_boot
saveenv

setenv bootargs "root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootwait console=ttyAMA0,115200"
setenv bootcmd "fatload mmc 0:1 0x01000000 zImage; fatload mmc 0:1 0x02000000 bcm2709-rpi-2-b.dtb; bootz 0x01000000 - 0x02000000"
saveenv

##############################################################################

Kad budete primenjivali patch komanda
patch -p1 < ~/linux-kernel-labs/modules/data/LinuksKurs.patch

Patch se primenjuje na src/linux

Pitati Maksu kako da se zImage uprzi na karticu
##############################################################################
V vezba:

Kopirati zadatu konfiguraciju a pozicioniras se u src/linux
cp ~/linux-kernel-labs/modules/data/Linux.config .config


make xconfig

Ukljucimo frame buffer i ostalo

Kucamo make u src/linux
make modules_install INSTALL_MOD_PATH=~/linux-kernel-labs/modules/nfsrootVezba/
cd ~/linux-kernel-labs/modules/nfsrootVezba/dev

Za pretrazivanje major i minor broja cd /dev
Pa odraditi ll

sudo cp /linux-kernel-labs/src/linux/arch/arm/boot/zImage /var/lib/tftpboot

bootargs=root=/dev/nfs rw ip=192.168.0.100 console=ttyAMA0,115200 nfsroot=192.168.0.12:/home/mika/linux-kernel-labs/modules/nfsrootVezba
bootargs_nfs=setenv bootargs root=/dev/nfs rw ip=192.168.0.100 console=ttyAMA0,115200 nfsroot=192.168.0.12:/home/mika/linux-kernel-labs/modules/nfsrootVezba/


Kreiramo sa sudo mknod uredjaj
mknod u dev folderu

sudo mknod ttyAMA0 c 204 64
sudo mknod tty0 c 4 0
sudo mknod tty1 c 4 1
sudo mknod tty2 c 4 2
sudo mknod tty3 c 4 3
sudo mknod tty4 c 4 4
sudo mknod console c 5 1
sudo mknod null c 1  3

U dev kreiramo fb0
sudo mknod fb0 c 29 0

###############################################################################
VI vezba:

Raspaujemo tar -xjf busybox-1.21.1.tar.bz2
Kopiramo konfiguracju za busy-box

Pozicionirati se u src/linux
sudo cp ~/linux-kernel-labs/modules/data/tinyLinux.config .config

Nakon toga iskoristiti istu konfiguraciju u linux-kernel-labs/src/busybox-1.21.1/
sudo cp ~/linux-kernel-labs/modules/data/tinyBusybox.config .config

Kad smo prekopirali config pokrecemo sa make menuconfig podesavanja, i u njima u build-options selektujemo static build.
Posle pokrecemo make install a rfs ce biti u _install

A u dev kreiraj console i ttyAMA0
-------------------------
sudo mknod console c 5 1
sudo mknod ttyAMA0 c 204 64
-------------------------

U ~/linux-kernel-labs/src/busybox-1.21.1/_install/ pravimo etc/init.d proc sys


cd ~/linux-kernel-labs/src/busybox-1.21.1/_install/

mkdir proc
mkdir sys
mkdir -p etc/init.d

Da napravis rcS file
Odradi gedit rcS


Kreiramo u etc/init.d koji je u _install rcS i u njemu pisemo
--------------------------
#!/bin/sh

mount -t proc proc /proc
mount -t sysfs sys /sys
-------------------------

A u etc kreirati inittab i pisemo

-------------------------
::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS
ttyAMA0::askfirst:/bin/sh
-------------------------




Kopiramo ~/linux-kernel-labs/modules/data/www u ~/linux-kernel-labs/src/busybox-1.21.1/_install
Restratovati nfs(sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart)
Uraditi u U-boot reboot uredjaja
I kad se otvori konzola ukucati /usr/sbin/httpd -h /www/ &
Zatim otvoriti web browser(Firefox Mozzila ili Google Chrome[ver-4.6.92])
Ukucati u pretrazivacu "http://adresu pi-ja"
-------------------------
Pozicionirati se u busybox-1.21.1/_install
Prvo kreiramo gedit hello_world.c
Zatim odradimo arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc hello_world.c -o hello
Pozovemo arm-linux-gnueabihf-readelf -a hello > hw.txtt
Zatim pravimo u busybox-1.21.1 direkktorijum lib
I kopiramo u taj direktorijum ono sto pise u hw.txt(otvori na bilo koj nacin),sa CTRL+F naci .so i videti sta treba koporati
Za kopiranje se pozicionirati u cd /usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib/
Kopirati te biblioteke
sudo cp ld-linux-armhf.so.3 /home/mika/linux-kernel-labs/src/busybox-1.21.1/_install/lib/
sudo cp libc.so.6 /home/mika/linux-kernel-labs/src/busybox-1.21.1/_install/lib/
Vracamo se u busybox-1.21.1
Odradimo make menuconfig
Otici na Busybox Setting-> Busybox Options-> pa deaktivirati static build.
Zatim odraditi make install
Pozicionirati se u cd /usr/arm-linux-gnueabihf/lib/
Kopirati biblioteku
sudo cp libm.so.6 /home/mika/linux-kernel-labs/src/busybox-1.21.1/_install/lib/
--------------------------

U /home/mika/linux-kernel-labs/src/busybox-1.21.1/_install/ preimenovati linuxrc u init
mv linuxrc init

Pa zatim se pozicioniras u /home/mika/linux-kernel-labs/src/linux pa pokrenes
make xconfig
Nadjemo sa CTRL+f initramfs i u text-box polje unesemo /home/mika/linux-kernel-labs/src/busybox-1.21.1/_install/

Sada se pozicioniramo u src/linux
Ponovo prevedemo kernel i kopiramo zImage
make
cp ~/linux-kernel-labs/src/linux/arch/arm/boot/zImage /var/lib/tptpboot

Pokrenemo uboot i izmenimo bootargs sa rw console=ttyAMA0,115200

###############################################################################
VII vezba:

U linux/src pokrenemo make bcm2709_defconfig
Makeujemo kernel

Bootargs smo promenili da bude nfs root koji vec dat
bootargs=root=/dev/nfs rw ip=192.168.0.100 console=ttyAMA0,115200 nfsroot=192.168.0.12:/home/mika/linux-kernel-labs/modules/nfsroot
Proveriti /etc/exports da li je dobar nfsroot
Restartovati server

Pozicioniramo se u nfsroot/root/hello i iz prezentacije P6.2 str6 iskucali funkcije za init i exit za ispis pocetnih i krajnjih poruka
Kad smo preveli modul ali ga prevodimo u na nasem Linuxu

Kad dobijemo konzolu pozicioniramo se u hello,u njemu pozovemo insmod hello_version.ko izlistavamo sa lsmod da vidimo dal je ucitan
Kada ga uklanjamo uklanjamo ga sa rmmod hello_version

Za parametre koristimo insmod hello_version.ko who=Beli pri insmodovanju

Implementirali sve u hello_version.c
*********************************************************************************************************
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/i2c.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h> //za KERN_INFO
#include <linux/moduleparam.h> //za argumente modula
#include <linux/utsname.h> //za dobavljanje verzije
#include <linux/string.h> //za strlen u read funkciji
#include <linux/fcntl.h> //za funkcije koje komuniciraju sa user space
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/debugfs.h>
#include <linux/printk.h>
#include <linux/device.h>

/* Add your code here */
static void __exit hello_exit(void);
static int __init hello_init(void);
static ssize_t hello_read(struct file *fi, char *buff, size_t len, loff_t *f_pos);
static ssize_t hello_write(struct file *fi, char *buff, size_t len, loff_t *f_pos);
static int hello_ioctl(struct file *fi, int op);

static char* who = "";
static char* buffer;
static u32 major;
static unsigned int brojacU = 0;
static unsigned int brojacP = 0;
static unsigned int brojacD = 0;
static int opt = -1;

static struct dentry *dir = 0;


static struct file_operations hello_fops =
{
	.read = hello_read,
	.write = hello_write,
	.unlocked_ioctl = hello_ioctl
};

static int __init hello_init(void)
{
	pr_alert("Hello %s. You are currently using Linux %s", who, utsname()->release);

	int res;
	res = register_chrdev(0,"hello",&hello_fops);
	major = res;

	if(res<0)
	{
		printk("Ne mogu da nadjem major broj");
		return res;
	}

	buffer = kmalloc(100, GFP_KERNEL);

	if (!buffer)
	{
		goto fail;
	}

	memset(buffer, 0, 100);
	printk(KERN_INFO "Major broj: %d",major);

	return 0;
fail:
	hello_exit();
}

static ssize_t hello_read(struct file *fi, char *buff, size_t len, loff_t *f_pos)
{
	int data_size=0;
	if(*f_pos == 0)
	{
		data_size = strlen(buffer);
		brojacP += data_size;

		if(copy_to_user(buff,buffer,data_size) != 0)
		{
			return -1;
		}
		else
		{
			(*f_pos) += data_size;
			return data_size;
		}
	}
	else
	{
		return 0;
	}
}


static ssize_t hello_write(struct file *fi, char *buff, size_t len, loff_t *f_pos)
{
	memset(buffer, 0, 100);
	if(copy_from_user(buffer,buff,len)!=0)
	{
		return -1;
	}
	else
	{
		brojacD = len;
		pr_debug("Dostupno za citanje %d bajta",brojacD);
		brojacU += len;
		pr_debug("Broj upisanih bajta %d",brojacU);
		return len;
	}
}

static int hello_ioctl(struct file *fi,  int op)
{
	int i = 0;
	if(op == 0)
	{

		while(buffer[i]){
			buffer[i] = toupper(buffer[i]);
			i++;
		}
	}
	else if(op == 1)
	{
		while(buffer[i]){
			buffer[i] = tolower(buffer[i]);
			i++;
		}
	}
}

static void __exit hello_exit(void)
{
	if(buffer)
	{
		kfree(buffer);
	}
	unregister_chrdev(major,"hello");

	pr_alert("Goodbye %s \n",who);
}


module_param(who, charp, 0);
module_param(opt, int, 0);

module_init(hello_init);
module_exit(hello_exit);



MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

*********************************************************************************************************
Napravili smo u /dev uredjaj sa major brojem koji nam je kernel dao

mknod hellodev c 244 0

Testiranje write operacije
echo "TeStni StRing" >> hellodev
Testiranje read operacije
cat /dev/hellodev

Za ioctl prevedemo ioctl.c pomocu komande

arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc ioctl.c -o ioctle -static

Zatim ga pokrecemo u u-bootu sa ./ioctle /dev/hellodev 1

Iscitamo sa cat /dev/hellodev

Pozicioniramo se u src/linux/drivers/misc
Prekopiramo hello_version.c i hello_version.o
Izmeniti Makefile i dodati obj-$(CONFIG_HELLO_VERSION) += hello_version.o
Izmeniti u Kconfig
config HELLO_VERSION
	bool "Opis"
	default y
Vratiti se u src/linux
Pokrenuti make xconfig
Naci pomocu HELLO_VERSION da se cekira opcija za hello_version modul
Pre make-a uraditi


sudo chown -R mika.mika ~/linux-kernel-labs/modules/nfsroot/lib

make modules_install INSTALL_MOD_PATH=~/linux-kernel-labs/modules/nfsroot

sudo chown -R root.root ~/linux-kernel-labs/modules/nfsroot/lib

Prevesti kernel sa make

Posle make file kopirati zImage iz src/linux/arch/arm/boot u /var/lib/tftpboot

I pokrenuti kernel

################################################################################################################
XI vezba: