2014-11-13 Structure: article test & quantifiers

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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Homework: p. 111 exercise 2, p. 114 exercise 5
exercise 2
2 the (plural country names include "the")
3 the
4 the
5 -
6 a
7 the
8 -
9 the
10 the
11 the
12 the
13 the
14 the ("country" is a singular count noun)
15 a
16 the
17 The (earthquakes have only one epicenter)
18 the
19 a
20 the (attaches to "country", a singular count noun)
21 the
22 - ("damage" is noncountin this sentence)
23 the
exercise 5
- we need additional power sources (non-specific)
- running out of petroleum (generic)
- there are problems with it (non-specific)
- I am a big supporter (singular count)
- haven't been major problems
- develop strict controls (non-specific)
? - have had an issue (non-specific)
- in a perfect world (singular count)
- will be a necessity in the future
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the + adjective = "the [adjective] people" (generic)
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tax: extra money you have to pay to the government
fee: extra money you have to pay to a company

fiat: because we say so

germs: bacteria
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"each" and "every" are grammatically singular

both = two&all

a couple (of) + noun = approximately 2

a couple < few < a few < several < many
         ("few" emphasizes that it's a small quantity)

I have few friends. (I'm lonely)
I have a few friends. (I'm fine.)

I have few problems. (I'm happy. I mostly don't have problems.)
I have a few problems. (I'm having some trouble.)

I have little money. (I'm poor.)
I have a little money. (I'm fine, even though I'm not rich.)

I have little trouble. (It's easy.)
I have a little trouble. (It's not bad, but I need help.)

some: affirmative sentences
not any: negative sentences = no

some: y/n questions that I expect "yes" to (including offers and requests)
any: most other y/n questions

most: >50% (usually >60%)
much/many: a large quantity in my opinion
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Homework: p. 125-126 exercises 1 and 2