2016-12-17 Saturday: 6 Wellbeing

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
“2016-12-17 Saturday: 6 Wellbeing”
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Write a postcard like the example on p. 65. (It can be from Boston or from another city you’ve been to or would like to go to.)
p. 74 parts 3, 4, 5, 7 (about the article on p. 75)

Next week will be about food. Bring food from your country to share in class. (Bring things like forks and plates if they're needed, as well.)
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p. 74 part 3
1 chocolate
2 drug
3 energy
4 food and drinks
5 sleep cycle
part 4
makes you more alert
relieves pain
reduces asthma symptoms
increases reaction speed
is habit-forming (= addictive)
raises blood pressure
increases the risk of heart disease
part 5
1 It changed from a schedule based on sunlight to a schedule based on the clock.
2 Electric light and caffeine.
3 The body doesn’t function at its best, physically, mentally, or emotionally.
4 We need caffeine to stay awake, and we have trouble staying awake because we don’t get enough sleep, and we don’t get enough sleep because of caffeine.
“vicious cycle”
part 7
1 however, on the other hand, despite this
2 one result of this, thus
  consequently, therefore
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In pairs, tell your partner about the strangest food you have eaten. Does your partner agree that it is strange?
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Women bear children.
Children are born(e) by women.
Children are born every day.
My mother bore me in 1983. / I was born in 1983.
“borned” is not a word
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p. 70 - What is a pedigree?
Read the article.
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32010R0097 - full official EU documentation of “Pizza Napoletana”
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BCE (before the Common Era) = BC (before Christ)
CE (Common Era) = AD (anno domini / “year of our Lord”)
What key ingredient of Pizza Napoletana was definitely not used in 997CE?
- Tomatoes are from Mexico, so couldn’t have existed anywhere in Europe before Columbus.
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Grammar: modals for advice and necessity
- modal verbs = can, could, should, must, may, might, will, would
All modals must come first in a verb phrase and must be followed by the base form of the next verb.
- similar expressions = have to, be able to, be allowed to
Similar expressions can be combined and can be in different tenses.
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p. 71 part 5 - Write sentences, using one of the words in parentheses, that have the same meaning as these food labels.
1 Vegetarians can eat this product.
2 People with nut allergies shouldn’t eat this product. (“must not” is probably more appropriate)
3 You shouldn’t exceed the recommended daily intake of salt.
4 The sample is not allowed to be sold. (passive, because the sample doesn’t sell, the salesperson sells)
5 This product has to be heated thoroughly before serving.
  You have to heat this product thoroughly before serving.
6 Diabetics shouldn’t eat this product.
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English is weird. It can be understood through tough thorough thought, though.
(There is also the word “trough”, where ‘ough’ sounds like “off”.)
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p. 71 part 8b - Discuss with your partner whether you should or have to do these things.
Also, do you have to:
keep butter in the fridge?
keep mayonnaise in the fridge?
rinse pasta after cooking it?
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Do you and your host families have any other different ideas about what you should or “have to” do with food?
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BREAK
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p. 72 “Imaginary Eating”
Read the paragraph. How is imaginary eating supposed to help?
part 4 - Listen to the conversation. Complete each sentence by matching it with the second half (a-f)
1 I’ll believe it when I see it.
2 If you don’t train your mind, you won’t be able to lose weight.
3 I won’t find out unless I try.
4 When I want to eat a snack, I’ll try just imagining it.
5 I’ll never have to buy chocolate again if this technique works.
6 As soon as it starts working, I’ll let you know.
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What kind of grammar is the sentence, “If you don’t train your mind, you won’t be able to lose weight”?
First Conditional = Future Real Conditional
if + [present simple or continuous], [future simple or continuous]
[future simple or continuous] + if + [present simple or continuous] (no comma)
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p. 73 part 7 - Complete the sentences with the correct form of each verb.
1 believe, will be
2 will need, want
3 don’t buy, won’t be able
4 find, will you let (this is a question)
5 go, will check
6 will give up, do
7 don’t try, will never know
8 will you do, doesn’t work
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Other conjunctions (in addition to “if”) have similar grammar when talking about the future:
I’ll believe it when I see it. - about the future, but “I see” is in the present.
I won’t find out unless I try.
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What are the differences in meaning between these pairs?
When you study, you will pass the test. = I believe that you will study, and after that you will pass.
If you study, you will pass the test. = You may or may not study (I don’t know), but if you do study then you will pass.
Until you study, you will fail your tests. = I believe that you will (eventually) study, but before that you will continue to fail your tests.
Unless you study, you will fail your tests. = You may or may not study, but if you don’t, you will continue to fail your tests.

He was married before he came to Boston. = He may still be married (but he got married before coming here), or he broke up a while before he came here.
He was married until he came to Boston. = He was married, but that stopped when he came to Boston.

He met his new wife after he came to Boston. = It was some time (we don’t know how long) after arriving.
He met his new wife when he came to Boston. = It was a pretty short time after he arrived.
He met his new wife as soon as he came to Boston. = It happened at the moment he arrived.
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Remember: we don’t use future grammar in conditional clauses or time clauses.
Unless you study, you will fail the test.
When you get home, I’ll start dinner.
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p. 73 part 8 - cross out any options that don’t make sense. (Sometims both options are okay.)
1 as soon as
2 both are correct
3 both are correct
4 before
5 when
6 unless
7 both are correct
8 both are correct
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Food
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Lateral Thinking puzzles - ask yes/no questions to figure out the explanations for each situation
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Homework: 5-6 test at https://goo.gl/UgsgXk - You can complete it and email it to me at [email protected]