2015-04-02 Structure: past advisability

Greg Malivuk
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http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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Homework: p. 256 (more review of present/future modals)
(You should also read the grammar notes on p. 243-245 if you haven’t already.)
part A
1 get
2 may
3 ‘ve got (“must to” is always wrong)
4 can’t
5 help (modal + base form)
6 might
7 post
8 must not / mustn’t (rule / prohibition)
9 be able to
part B
1 really shouldn’t give / must not give (we can use “must” for strong advice)
2 had better register (urgent, there’s a negative consequence if we don’t)
3 must not be (don’t use “mustn’t” for conclusions)
4 must get / has to get
5 can’t eat (or maybe “mustn’t eat”, but “can’t” is more common in conversation)
6 might come / may come
part C
1 Could that be Amelie in this photograph?
2 … It couldn’t be her.
3 I guess I’d better not accept him
4 I don’t have to call to keep in touch (it’s not necessary -> don’t have to)
5 Might/Could hi5 be as popular as Facebook someday? (“may” is uncommon in yes/no questions, except when you’re asking permission: “May I get a glass of water?”)
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p. 262 exercise 2
4 shouldn’t have taken
5 should Greg have used
6 might have asked
7 could have paid
8 ought to have worn
9 should Mr. Thompson have fired
10 shouldn’t have (include “have” in short answers about these modals)
11 should Mr. Thompson have handled
12 ought to have warned
13 shouldn’t have just fired
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He could have done something different. (“do” is 3 times more common than “make”, so if you’re not sure which one to use, “do” is correct 75% of the time)

I would have talked to Greg (if I had been in that situation).
I would have had him pay me for the sweater. (I would have instructed him to pay me.)
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p. 263 exercise 3
1 I should have gone to college.
2 I might have warned him.
3 I shouldn’t have eaten so much chocolate.
4 She might have called.
5 She could have at least listened to me.
6 I shouldn’t have jogged so much.
  I should have jogged less.
7 I should have applied for a good job.
8 I ought to have done the laundry.
9 I should have invited Cynthia to the party.
10 He might have sent me a card.
She is being too hard on herself. = She is angry with herself, but she shouldn’t be.
(Many other people also don’t get things done on time, and she shouldn’t be so unhappy about forgetting to do laundry.)
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detain -> detention (stay extra hours in the school)
suspend -> suspension (stay away from the school for a few days)
expel -> expulsion (you’re out of the school permanently)
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Pronunciation:
should have -> should’ve (“should of”) -> “shoulda”
 could have ->  could’ve (“could of”)  -> “coulda”
 would have ->  would’ve (“would of”)  -> “woulda”
  (formal)     (informal)     (pronunciation)
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Homework: p. 269 chapter 16 review
(also study for tomorrow’s test about unit 15 and 16)