2014-08-11 Structure: parallel structure (handout)

Parallel Structure
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To smoke is unhealthy.
Eating fast food is unhealthy.
* To smoke and eating fast food are unhealthy.
To smoke and (to) eat fast food...
Smoking and eating fast food...

I like to smoke and eat fast food.
I like to eat fast food and fry bread. (maybe a noun?)
I like to eat fast food and to fry bread.

If a sentence might be confusing without an optional word, you

should use that word.
If the parts of a sentence are long, you should use optional

words.
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Parallel words and phrases must have the same grammatical form
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Handout p. 29
rust-colored
1 boat rides			boat riding / boating
2 They are digging for clams.	They dig for clams.
3 his eyes			in his eyes
4 painting pictures		painted pictures
5 sadly				sadness
6 into the Rolls Royce		seated in the Rolls Royce
7 strong			strength
8 fly				flew
9 eating meat pies		meat pie stands
10 in the fall			lonely in the fall

Handout p. 30
1 Tom enjoys swimming and skating.
  Tom likes to swim and skate.
2 He wore a green suede jacket, a flowered shirt, and multicolored platform shoes.
3 At 16, I was wild, outspoken, and uncaring.
  At 16, I was a wild, outspoken, and uncaring person.
4 The work was difficult and dangerous.
5 Like many women, she had several roles: wife, mother, student, and worker.
6 When the teacher left the room, I talked loudly, fought with my classmates, threw paper airplanes, and even climbed on the
desks.
				  I would talk loudly, fight with my classmates, throw paper airplanes, and even climb on
the desks.
  While the teacher was out of the room, I was talking...
7 When I disobeyed, my parents punished me by not letting me
go out, talk on the telephone, or have company.
  ...punished me: no going out, no talking on the telephone,
and no having company.
  ...punished me: no going out, talking on the telephone, or
having company.
8 The dancers moved slowly, easily, and soundlessly offstage.
 The dancers' movement offstage was slow, easy, and soundless.
In a slow, easy, and soundless way, the dancers moved...
9 The drums were pounding, throbbing, rising, and falling.
  The drums pounded, throbbed, rose, and fell.
10 Good writing must have honesty, freshness, and precise words.
   Good writing must be honest, fresh, and precise.