Python 3.12 BuiltIn modules and Packages

Python 3.12 BuiltIn modules and Packages
https://docs.python.org/3/py-modindex.html



1. Testing, Debug, Profiling, Optimisation
------------------------------------------
cProfile	Python source profiler.
dis	Disassembler for Python bytecode.
doctest	Test pieces of code within docstrings.
faulthandler	Dump the Python traceback.
pdb	The Python debugger for interactive interpreters.
profile	Python source profiler.
pstats	Statistics object for use with the profiler.
time	Time access and conversions.
timeit	Measure the execution time of small code snippets.
trace	Trace or track Python statement execution.
tracemalloc	Trace memory allocations.
unittest	Unit testing framework for Python.


2. Python services for Runtime
------------------------------
ast	Abstract Syntax Tree classes and manipulation.
atexit	Register and execute cleanup functions.
builtins	The module that provides the built-in namespace. __builtins__
contextvars	Context Variables
copy	Shallow and deep copy operations.
gc	Interface to the cycle-detecting garbage collector.
importlib	The implementation of the import machinery.
inspect	Extract information and source code from live objects.
marshal	Convert Python objects to streams of bytes and back (with different constraints).
pickle	Convert Python objects to streams of bytes and back.
runpy	Locate and run Python modules without importing them first.
site	Module responsible for site-specific configuration.
sitecustomize	Can perform arbitrary site-specific customizations
sys	Access system-specific parameters and functions.
sysconfig	Python's configuration information
traceback	Print or retrieve a stack traceback.
types	Names for built-in types.
typing	Support for type hints (see :pep:`484`).
usercustomize	Arbitrary user-specific customizations
warnings	Issue warning messages and control their disposition.
weakref	Support for weak references and weak dictionaries.


3. OS services
---------------
configparser	Configuration file parser.
datetime	Basic date and time types.
errno	Standard errno system symbols.
fcntl (Unix)	The fcntl() and ioctl() system calls.
fileinput	Loop over standard input or a list of files.
io	Core tools for working with streams.
logging	Flexible event logging system for applications.
mmap	Interface to memory-mapped files for Unix and Windows.
msvcrt (Windows)	Miscellaneous useful routines from the MS VC++ runtime.
os	Miscellaneous operating system interfaces.
pathlib	Object-oriented filesystem paths
posix (Unix)	The most common POSIX system calls (normally used via module os).
signal	Set handlers for asynchronous events.
subprocess	Subprocess management.
time	Time access and conversions.
winreg (Windows)	Routines and objects for manipulating the Windows registry.
zoneinfo	IANA time zone support


4. Modules for access to OS services
-------------------------------------
ctypes	A foreign function library for Python.
curses (Unix)	An interface to the curses library, providing portable terminal handling.
grp (Unix)	The group database (getgrnam() and friends).
platform	Retrieves as much platform identifying data as possible.
pty (Unix)	Pseudo-Terminal Handling for Unix.
pwd (Unix)	The password database (getpwnam() and friends).
readline (Unix)	GNU readline support for Python.
resource (Unix)	An interface to provide resource usage information on the current process.
rlcompleter	Python identifier completion, suitable for the GNU readline library.
sched	General purpose event scheduler.
stat	Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat().
syslog (Unix)	An interface to the Unix syslog library routines.
termios (Unix)	POSIX style tty control.
tty (Unix)	Utility functions that perform common terminal control operations.


5. Work with files and catalogs
-------------------------------
bz2	Interfaces for bzip2 compression and decompression.
filecmp	Compare files efficiently.
fnmatch	Unix shell style filename pattern matching.
glob	Unix shell style pathname pattern expansion.
gzip	Interfaces for gzip compression and decompression using file objects.
lzma	A Python wrapper for the liblzma compression library.
shutil	High-level file operations, including copying.
tarfile	Read and write tar-format archive files.
tempfile	Generate temporary files and directories.
zipfile	Read and write ZIP-format archive files.
zlib	Low-level interface to compression and decompression routines compatible with gzip.


6. Mathematics
--------------
cmath	Mathematical functions for complex numbers.
decimal	Implementation of the General Decimal Arithmetic Specification.
fractions	Rational numbers.
math	Mathematical functions (sin() etc.).
numbers	Numeric abstract base classes (Complex, Real, Integral, etc.).
random	Generate pseudo-random numbers with various common distributions.
statistics	Mathematical statistics functions


7. Data structures, algorithms and code simplifications
-------------------------------------------------------
abc	Abstract base classes according to :pep:`3119`.
array	Space efficient arrays of uniformly typed numeric values.
bisect	Array bisection algorithms for binary searching.
collections	Container datatypes
contextlib	Utilities for with-statement contexts.
dataclasses	Generate special methods on user-defined classes.
enum	Implementation of an enumeration class.
functools	Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects.
graphlib	Functionality to operate with graph-like structures
heapq	Heap queue algorithm (a.k.a. priority queue).
itertools	Functions creating iterators for efficient looping.
operator	Functions corresponding to the standard operators.


8. Work with text and strings
-----------------------------
codecs	Encode and decode data and streams.
encodings	Stores standard Python encoding modules.
re	Regular expression operations.
string	Common string operations.
struct	Interpret bytes as packed binary data.
unicodedata	Access the Unicode Database.
difflib	Helpers for computing differences between objects.
stringprep	String preparation, as per RFC 3453
textwrap	Text wrapping and filling


9. Access to Data Base
----------------------
dbm	Interfaces to various Unix "database" formats.
shelve	Python object persistence.
sqlite3	A DB-API 2.0 implementation using SQLite 3.x.


10. Threads and Multitasking
----------------------------
asyncio	Asynchronous I/O.
concurrent	A high-level interface for asynchronously executing callables.
multiprocessing	Process-based parallelism.
queue	A synchronized queue class.
threading	Thread-based parallelism.


11. Network and Sockets
-----------------------
ipaddress	IPv4/IPv6 manipulation library.
select	Wait for I/O completion on multiple streams.
selectors	High-level I/O multiplexing.
socket	Low-level networking interface.
socketserver	A framework for network servers.
ssl	TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects


12. Web Application Development and Programming
-----------------------------------------------
ftplib	FTP protocol client (requires sockets).
http	HTTP status codes and messages
imaplib	IMAP4 protocol client (requires sockets).
poplib	POP3 protocol client (requires sockets).
smtplib	SMTP protocol client (requires sockets).
urllib	Package that collects several modules for working with URLs
wsgiref	WSGI support, WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation.
xmlrpc	Package contains client and server modules for RPC implementation


13 Processing and representation data in internet
-------------------------------------------------
base64	RFC 4648: Base16, Base32, Base64 Data Encodings; Base85 and Ascii85
binascii	Tools for converting between binary and various ASCII-encoded binary representations.
csv	Write and read tabular data to and from delimited files.
email	Package supporting the parsing, manipulating, and generating email messages.
hashlib	Secure hash and message digest algorithms.
hmac	Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication (HMAC) implementation
html	Helpers for manipulating HTML.
json	Encode and decode the JSON format.
mimetypes	Mapping of filename extensions to MIME types.
quopri	Encode and decode files using the MIME quoted-printable encoding.
secrets	Generate secure random numbers for managing secrets.
tomllib	Parse TOML files.
uuid	UUID objects (universally unique identifiers) according to RFC 4122
xml	Package containing XML processing modules
mailbox	Manipulate mailboxes in various formats
netrc	Loading of .netrc files.
plistlib	Generate and parse Apple plist files.


14. Python interpreter services
-------------------------------
argparse	Command-line option and argument parsing library.
bdb	Debugger framework.
code	Facilities to implement read-eval-print loops.
codeop	Compile (possibly incomplete) Python code.
compileall	Tools for byte-compiling all Python source files in a directory tree.
copyreg	Register pickle support functions.
ensurepip	Bootstrapping the "pip" installer into an existing Python installation or virtual environment.
getopt	Portable parser for command line options; support both short and long option names.
getpass	Portable reading of passwords and retrieval of the userid.
keyword	Test whether a string is a keyword in Python.
lib2to3	The 2to3 library
linecache	Provides random access to individual lines from text files.
modulefinder	Find modules used by a script.
pickletools	Contains extensive comments about the pickle protocols and pickle-machine opcodes, as well as some useful functions.
pkgutil	Utilities for the import system.
pprint	Data pretty printer.
py_compile	Generate byte-code files from Python source files.
pyclbr	Supports information extraction for a Python module browser.
reprlib	Alternate repr() implementation with size limits.
symtable	Interface to the compiler's internal symbol tables.
tabnanny	Tool for detecting white space related problems in Python source files in a directory tree.
test	Regression tests package containing the testing suite for Python.
token	Constants representing terminal nodes of the parse tree.
tokenize	Lexical scanner for Python source code.
venv	Creation of virtual environments.
zipapp	Manage executable Python zip archives
zipimport	Support for importing Python modules from ZIP archives.


15. String Processing
----------------------
difflib	Helpers for computing differences between objects.
stringprep	String preparation, as per RFC 3453
textwrap	Text wrapping and filling


16. Internationalization, localisation
--------------------------------------
gettext	Multilingual internationalization services.
locale	Internationalization services.


17. Multimedia
--------------
colorsys	Conversion functions between RGB and other color systems.
wave	Provide an interface to the WAV sound format.


18. Different modules
---------------------
__future__	Future statement definitions
__main__	The environment where top-level code is run. Covers command-line interfaces, import-time behavior, and ``__name__ == '__main__'``.
calendar	Functions for working with calendars, including some emulation of the Unix cal program.
cmd	Build line-oriented command interpreters.
idlelib	Implementation package for the IDLE shell/editor.
pydoc	Documentation generator and online help system.
shlex	Simple lexical analysis for Unix shell-like languages.
tkinter	Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces
turtle	An educational framework for simple graphics applications
turtledemo	A viewer for example turtle scripts
webbrowser	Easy-to-use controller for web browsers.
winsound (Windows)	Access to the sound-playing machinery for Windows.