USS Hawaii CB-1 (1940)

USS Hawaii, USA Large Cruiser laid down 1940

Displacement:
	20,311 t light; 21,978 t standard; 23,198 t normal; 24,175 t full load

Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep)
	(666.00 ft / 633.00 ft) x 84.00 ft x (30.00 / 30.96 ft)
	(203.00 m / 192.94 m) x 25.60 m  x (9.14 / 9.44 m)

Armament:
      5 - 12.00" / 305 mm 50.0 cal guns - 1,140.01lbs / 517.10kg shells, 166 per gun
	  Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1939 Model
	  1 x 3-gun mount on centreline, forward deck centre
	  1 x 2-gun mount on centreline, forward deck forward
		1 raised mount
      40 - 5.00" / 127 mm 38.0 cal guns - 55.01lbs / 24.95kg shells, 500 per gun
	  Dual purpose guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1932 Model
	  16 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread
		2 raised mounts
	  4 x Twin mounts on centreline, aft evenly spread
		2 double raised mounts
      64 - 1.10" / 27.9 mm 75.0 cal guns - 0.93lbs / 0.42kg shells, 2,000 per gun
	  Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1929 Model
	  14 x Quad mounts on sides, evenly spread
		8 raised mounts
	  2 x Quad mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread
      Weight of broadside 7,960 lbs / 3,610 kg

Armour:
   - Belts:		Width (max)	Length (avg)		Height (avg)
	Main:	9.00" / 229 mm	440.00 ft / 134.11 m	9.00 ft / 2.74 m
	Ends:	Unarmoured
	  Main Belt covers 107 % of normal length
	  Main Belt inclined 10.00 degrees (positive = in)

   - Torpedo Bulkhead - Strengthened structural bulkheads:
		2.00" / 51 mm	440.00 ft / 134.11 m	27.00 ft / 8.23 m
	Beam between torpedo bulkheads 72.00 ft / 21.95 m

   - Hull void:
		6.00" / 152 mm	440.00 ft / 134.11 m	6.00 ft / 1.83 m

   - Gun armour:	Face (max)	Other gunhouse (avg)	Barbette/hoist (max)
	Main:	12.0" / 305 mm	6.00" / 152 mm		10.0" / 254 mm
	2nd:	3.00" / 76 mm	1.00" / 25 mm		2.00" / 51 mm

   - Armoured deck - single deck:
	For and Aft decks: 4.00" / 102 mm

   - Conning towers: Forward 12.00" / 305 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm

Machinery:
	Oil fired boilers, steam turbines,
	Geared drive, 4 shafts, 164,070 shp / 122,396 Kw = 33.00 kts
	Range 10,000nm at 12.00 kts
	Bunker at max displacement = 2,197 tons

Complement:
	939 - 1,221

Cost:
	£11.982 million / $47.927 million

Distribution of weights at normal displacement:
	Armament: 1,594 tons, 6.9 %
	   - Guns: 1,594 tons, 6.9 %
	Armour: 6,563 tons, 28.3 %
	   - Belts: 1,484 tons, 6.4 %
	   - Torpedo bulkhead: 879 tons, 3.8 %
	   - Void: 586 tons, 2.5 %
	   - Armament: 1,148 tons, 4.9 %
	   - Armour Deck: 2,255 tons, 9.7 %
	   - Conning Tower: 210 tons, 0.9 %
	Machinery: 4,387 tons, 18.9 %
	Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,767 tons, 33.5 %
	Fuel, ammunition & stores: 2,887 tons, 12.4 %
	Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %

Overall survivability and seakeeping ability:
	Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship):
	  23,969 lbs / 10,872 Kg = 27.7 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 3.6 torpedoes
	Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.12
	Metacentric height 4.8 ft / 1.5 m
	Roll period: 16.1 seconds
	Steadiness	- As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 48 %
			- Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.53
	Seaboat quality  (Average = 1.00): 0.73

Hull form characteristics:
	Hull has a flush deck,
	  an extended bulbous bow and a cruiser stern
	Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.509 / 0.514
	Length to Beam Ratio: 7.54 : 1
	'Natural speed' for length: 25.16 kts
	Power going to wave formation at top speed: 61 %
	Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 62
	Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 42.50 degrees
	Stern overhang: 6.00 ft / 1.83 m
	Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length):
				Fore end,	 Aft end
	   - Forecastle:	15.00 %,  28.00 ft / 8.53 m,  21.00 ft / 6.40 m
	   - Forward deck:	30.00 %,  21.00 ft / 6.40 m,  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
	   - Aft deck:	40.00 %,  17.00 ft / 5.18 m,  17.00 ft / 5.18 m
	   - Quarter deck:	15.00 %,  17.00 ft / 5.18 m,  21.00 ft / 6.40 m
	   - Average freeboard:		18.92 ft / 5.77 m

Ship space, strength and comments:
	Space	- Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 106.7 %
		- Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 129.4 %
	Waterplane Area: 35,720 Square feet or 3,318 Square metres
	Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 107 %
	Structure weight / hull surface area: 178 lbs/sq ft or 867 Kg/sq metre
	Hull strength (Relative):
		- Cross-sectional: 1.06
		- Longitudinal: 1.78
		- Overall: 1.11
	Adequate machinery, storage, compartmentation space
	Excellent accommodation and workspace room
	Poor seaboat, wet and uncomfortable, reduced performance in heavy weather

Bulbous bow extends the whole nine yards
3-foot 5" and 7" armour strakes below main belt

IZ against 8"/55 gun from about about 8000-30,000yd (max range) broadside, absolutely immune at 52 degrees
IZ against 12"/50 gun inwards from about 30,000yd depending on armour angle (roughly 26,000yd at 30 degrees, 18,000yd at 45 degrees, 10,000 yards at 60 degrees)

The deck is very wet at high speed, but the main and secondary guns are in weatherproofed mounts, and half of the AA guns are in raised mounts. Furthermore the secondary and anti-aircraft guns are largely mounted aft, somewhat reducing their wetness at speed.