Some stuff on immigration

This is a paste of some recent and interesting info on immigration. The information is not intended to seem anti-immigrant in anyway, immigrants bring many benefits to countries. However, like any policy, immigration policy creates winners and losers where some gain/lose more than others. It's a healthy mental exercise to examine some of the adverse effects of immigration to better understand how we as human beings can change the current immigration system to ensure that everyone is a winner.

I encourage all to read the studies posted to make sure that I'm not misrepresenting their results.

Immigration to the U.S. from 1870-1913 retarded real wage growth, reduced wages, and geographically displaced natives significantly, while partially displacing them in employment
http://www.nber.org/papers/w5185.pdf

Atlanta Fed study finds that in-migration greatly reduces social capital within communities. Author notes that "Results in this paper confirm that loss in community social capital may be yet another source of opposition to immigration."
https://www2.census.gov/ces/wp/2018/CES-WP-18-32.pdf

Studies suggest that regularization of undocumented immigrants can result in increased use of public benefits and reduced formal labor market participation.
https://wol.iza.org/articles/legalizing-undocumented-immigrants

Study with over 66 observations of IQ from 13 countries spanning 87 years finds that high levels of immigration is associated with IQ decline.
http://psycnet.apa.org/record/2017-42699-001

New study confirms the claims of many populist parties that there is no difference between the left and right when it comes to immigration - at least in Europe.
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3192913

Korean and Chinese residents in Sydney are less likely to be informed about domestic water issues, perform water-saving actions, and think the issue of domestic water usage is a priority compared to native Australians.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1745-5871.12244

E-Verify is highly effective at deterring illegals workers from formal employment
https://www.dallasfed.org/-/media/Documents/research/pubs/everify.pdf

Education of third generation immigrants tends to decline relative to the second generation. The effects are stronger for immigrant groups with lower education levels.
https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2017/demo/SEHSD-WP2017-17poster.pdf

Unskilled immigration will bring a challenge for pension systems, and may have unintended effects by lowering general welfare.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00148-014-0516-x

Secure Communities Program has a spillover effect that reduces SNAP and ACA rates among illegal aliens, but not for sanctuary cities. http://www.nber.org/papers/w24731

Canada's open immigration policy slowed the process of automation in agriculture during the 1920's
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11698-016-0157-2

It seems immigration tends to have a negative effect on the school system
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00199-017-1041-4

Education spending per student in California would have been 24% higher in the year 2000 if U.S. immigration had been restricted to its 1970 level.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047272711000788

How immigration reduced volunteering in the USA: 2005–2011, "Since the 1960s, there has been a large decrease in social capital in the USA as well as a considerable inflow of immigrants. This increased heterogeneity of US cities may have increased the cost of investing in social capital, and thereby, reduced such investment"
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00168-017-0848-z

Refugees in Sweden take more than they give into the public budget (this could be reversed by getting them employment)
https://gupea.ub.gu.se/bitstream/2077/38323/1/gupea_2077_38323_1.pdf

Identifying macroeconomic effects of refugee migration to Germany "Refugee migration causes positive short-run reactions [and] exerts negative effects on GDP and the labor market in the medium run."
accessecon.com/Pubs/EB/2018/Volume38/EB-18-V38-I2-P83.pdf