Earning:  This is simply the process of receiving money for some type of work that you put forth, for an individual or a company.
Saving:  Taking the money that you earn and storing it away either in a saving bank account, or preferably one with a good interest rate.
Spending:  Using your money to buy goods that you either need or want, spending is a necessary part of life, and also it boost the economy to spend.
Borrowing:  The most talked about discussed topic of finance, this is when you are given money from someone else or the bank (loan) and expected to pay it back in a reasonable amount of time, with certain amount of payments due on certain dates if it is a lot of money borrowed