Semester, Year
1|2017
2|2017
3|2017
1|2018
2|2018

stuID,semster,year,marks
110,1,2018,66
110,3,2018,77

semester, marks
1,66
2,null
3,77

SELECT r.Semester, l.Marks FROM Grade l RIGHT JOIN Semester r ON l.semester = r.semester WHERE l.stuID = 110

CREATE TABLE #Semester (
Semester TINYINT,
YEAR INT);

INSERT INTO #Semester
VALUES (1, 2017), (2, 2017), (3, 2017), (1, 2018), (2, 2018), (3, 2018);

CREATE TABLE #Grade (
StuID INT,
Semester TINYINT,
YEAR INT,
Marks INT);

INSERT INTO #Grade
VALUES (110, 1, 2018, 66), (110, 3, 2018, 77);

SELECT r.Semester, l.Marks
FROM #Semester r
    LEFT JOIN #Grade l  ON l.semester = r.semester
            AND l.year = r.year
            AND l.StuID = 110
WHERE r.year = 2018

Semester Marks
-------- -----------
1        66
2        NULL
3        77