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- <!--To view this file, download free mind mapping software Freeplane from http://freeplane.sourceforge.net -->
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- <node TEXT="goals" POSITION="left" ID="Freemind_Link_307336795" CREATED="1285307548015" MODIFIED="1285848144875" COLOR="#0033ff">
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- <node TEXT="basic security goals" ID="ID_384228071" CREATED="1285783225717" MODIFIED="1286018647791" COLOR="#00b439">
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- <node TEXT="specific goals of intrusion detection" ID="ID_1855599575" CREATED="1285783238604" MODIFIED="1286018661213" COLOR="#00b439">
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- <node TEXT="primary" ID="ID_205592953" CREATED="1285783256645" MODIFIED="1286053848429" COLOR="#990000">
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- <node TEXT="guess the name of one early IDS product that was designed by Marcus Ranum ;-)" ID="ID_1951373247" CREATED="1286212130882" MODIFIED="1286212203831" COLOR="#111111" LINK="http://www.ranum.com/">
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- <node TEXT="who is attacking?" ID="ID_1919941960" CREATED="1285783375441" MODIFIED="1285783390707" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="how often am I being attacked?" ID="ID_542190721" CREATED="1285783400729" MODIFIED="1285783415805" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="are my security controls adequate?" ID="ID_277432833" CREATED="1285783487575" MODIFIED="1285783498870" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="detect anomalies and malfunctions" ID="ID_561721523" CREATED="1286053915306" MODIFIED="1286053930673" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="marketing hype" ID="ID_439513414" CREATED="1285783573988" MODIFIED="1285783578948" COLOR="#990000">
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- <node TEXT="not james bond like attacks but merely simple and effective attacks that are very much preventable" ID="ID_922819436" CREATED="1285783579380" MODIFIED="1285783629624" COLOR="#990000">
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- <node TEXT="buffer overflow exploit" ID="DA39AB09-E209-4AC8-BAA6-4A906766793A" CREATED="1285230725030" MODIFIED="1285784052366" COLOR="#00b439">
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- <node TEXT="Wireless AP spoofing + Airpwn (Karmetasploit) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ne7hof-w0kU" ID="1BE4855B-1935-4FF3-B31C-CAAC8688DCD2" CREATED="1285230725030" MODIFIED="1285763032880" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="cheap and ubiquitously available" ID="Freemind_Link_1638836603" CREATED="1285307906062" MODIFIED="1285784250437" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="costs additional money" ID="Freemind_Link_986577999" CREATED="1285308009765" MODIFIED="1285784417343" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="more cabling" ID="Freemind_Link_1288876479" CREATED="1285308024281" MODIFIED="1285784432938" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="Netflow" ID="Freemind_Link_1173596812" CREATED="1285307772218" MODIFIED="1285783197699" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="ubiquitously supported with many network devices" ID="Freemind_Link_1030308969" CREATED="1285308037312" MODIFIED="1285784449906" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="provides for broad coverage at reasonable cost" ID="Freemind_Link_287838846" CREATED="1285308050250" MODIFIED="1285784500019" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="heavily reduced information content" ID="Freemind_Link_1881923729" CREATED="1285308062609" MODIFIED="1285784550902" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="Honeypot / Dark-IP Sensor" ID="Freemind_Link_264329782" CREATED="1285307781890" MODIFIED="1285783197700" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="no False Positives if deployed appropriately" ID="Freemind_Link_202463756" CREATED="1285308073906" MODIFIED="1285784571759" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="binds unused ip addresses" ID="Freemind_Link_888015790" CREATED="1285308081750" MODIFIED="1285784582345" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="Arpwatch Sensor" ID="Freemind_Link_166733825" CREATED="1285307795015" MODIFIED="1285783197701" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="host based" ID="Freemind_Link_1351679463" CREATED="1285307804343" MODIFIED="1285784169430" COLOR="#990000">
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- <node TEXT="Logfiles" ID="Freemind_Link_970429520" CREATED="1285307808453" MODIFIED="1285783197706" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="ubiquitously available on all hosts" ID="Freemind_Link_799104741" CREATED="1285308144343" MODIFIED="1285784638635" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="quite efficient for well-known log formats" ID="Freemind_Link_574458582" CREATED="1285308167625" MODIFIED="1285784660109" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="detection methods / signatures have to be updated with each update of the log format" ID="Freemind_Link_14801023" CREATED="1285308194140" MODIFIED="1285784753972" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="with some products you don't even have a map of all possible log messages" ID="Freemind_Link_1049909300" CREATED="1285308212218" MODIFIED="1285784774595" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="Example product: OSSEC" ID="ID_1720411336" CREATED="1286055709384" MODIFIED="1286055732628" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="Example product: OSSEC, Tripwire" ID="ID_1856553439" CREATED="1286055734056" MODIFIED="1286055745458" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="has to have system privs / kernel mode / works as a system driver (e.g. hooks system service descriptor table, APIs, memory mappings etc.)" ID="Freemind_Link_1885470815" CREATED="1285308376515" MODIFIED="1285785201328" COLOR="#111111">
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- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="Example product: Entercept Host IPS" ID="ID_20741630" CREATED="1286055750944" MODIFIED="1286055773698" COLOR="#111111">
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- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="Example products: IBM ISS Proventia Server (Server Sensor); ISS Proventia Desktop" ID="ID_350149287" CREATED="1286055788728" MODIFIED="1286055818554" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="handle out of band an out of window segments like the receiving endnod" ID="ID_529999600" CREATED="1285785604564" MODIFIED="1285785627063" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="state tracking of all types of protocols" ID="ID_915503306" CREATED="1285785417413" MODIFIED="1285785439786" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="protocol, format and uri normalization/canonicalization" ID="ID_1304931743" CREATED="1285785486448" MODIFIED="1285785508297" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="base64" ID="ID_305426794" CREATED="1285785710241" MODIFIED="1285785717113" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- <node TEXT="Example: http://isc.sans.edu/diary.html?storyid=9397" ID="ID_1824056593" CREATED="1285785984611" MODIFIED="1285785992818" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="urlencode" ID="ID_491020272" CREATED="1285785717706" MODIFIED="1285785721696" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- <node TEXT="Example: http://example.com/shop.php?id=cmd.exe same as
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- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="normalize POSIX paths and URIs" ID="ID_597032872" CREATED="1285785757937" MODIFIED="1285786023866" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- <node TEXT="Example: GET /././scripts/.\./.\./samples/././../samples/vulnerable.aspx" ID="ID_1641996643" CREATED="1285786031498" MODIFIED="1285786080743" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="Paper: A look at whisker's anti-IDS tactics" ID="ID_823208139" CREATED="1286055933570" MODIFIED="1286055947231" COLOR="#111111" LINK="http://www.wiretrip.net/rfp/txt/whiskerids.html">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="resilience against Insertion, Evasion, and Denial of Service" ID="ID_603440744" CREATED="1285785510760" MODIFIED="1285786152115" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- <node TEXT="Paper: Insertion, Evasion, and Denial of Service: Eluding Network Intrusion Detection" ID="ID_890813868" CREATED="1286055893813" MODIFIED="1286055910499" COLOR="#111111" LINK="http://insecure.org/stf/secnet_ids/secnet_ids.html">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- </node>
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- <node TEXT="pattern matching signatures" ID="ID_564916655" CREATED="1285785311341" MODIFIED="1285785321465" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- <node TEXT="prominent example: snort signatures" ID="ID_1757216961" CREATED="1286013887320" MODIFIED="1286013902681" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="makes use of known text- or bit-patterns that are unique for attack" ID="ID_1945166627" CREATED="1286013906964" MODIFIED="1286014019917" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="relatively easy and quick to create from an attack sample" ID="ID_592422358" CREATED="1286014022524" MODIFIED="1286014089574" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="each signature detects only one specific attack and no variants of the same attack" ID="ID_823735165" CREATED="1286014090412" MODIFIED="1286014129302" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="as with antivirus, the number of signatures and demand for hardware resources grow linearly with the number of attacks and their variants" ID="ID_591073845" CREATED="1286014129733" MODIFIED="1286014433284" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="principle of blacklisting / enumerating badness, which is a flawed concept" ID="ID_117183046" CREATED="1286014175958" MODIFIED="1286014301299" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- <node TEXT="see #2 of "The Six Dumbest Ideas in Computer Security"" ID="ID_1541044956" CREATED="1286014302958" MODIFIED="1286014387206" COLOR="#111111" LINK="http://www.ranum.com/security/computer_security/editorials/dumb/">
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- <node TEXT="protocol analysis" ID="ID_642311722" CREATED="1285785321845" MODIFIED="1285785327432" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- <node TEXT="knows how to parse and analyse protocols up to the application layer" ID="ID_81258441" CREATED="1286014454836" MODIFIED="1286014508284" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="detects protocol misuse (deviations from the standard as implemented and/or defined in the RFC or protocol specification)" ID="ID_1750759753" CREATED="1286014508789" MODIFIED="1286014580282" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="able to detect new and unknown attacks or new variants against known vulnerabilities" ID="ID_1068296787" CREATED="1286014581014" MODIFIED="1286014960681" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="komplex and difficult to implement / invites programming and logical errors in the IDS engine itself" ID="ID_1113566846" CREATED="1286014624687" MODIFIED="1286014670214" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="more generic alert messages, e.g. "overflow in protocol field xyz" or "malformed L2TP SCCRQ"" ID="ID_1854440556" CREATED="1286014676592" MODIFIED="1286014827715" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="initial cpu overhead larger than with pattern matching signatures, but growing less with number of attacks and vulnerabilities that can be detected" ID="ID_1862945043" CREATED="1286014838601" MODIFIED="1286014952074" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="protocol analysis on application layer also called "application awareness"" ID="ID_208678775" CREATED="1286014970945" MODIFIED="1286014992779" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="can also include lexical and semantic analysis of code, e.g. if an HTTP GET request includes a valid sql statement (sql injection) or only by coincidence includes some of the words" ID="ID_1294025188" CREATED="1286014994097" MODIFIED="1286015375540" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- <node TEXT="real SQLi: union select loadfile('/etc/passwd')" ID="ID_310703549" CREATED="1286015159243" MODIFIED="1286015341142" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12" BOLD="false"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="not SQLi: "State of the Union: Obama selects new head of Information Security..."" ID="ID_1793810154" CREATED="1286015198459" MODIFIED="1286015338720" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12" BOLD="false"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="prominent example: protocol analysis modules (pam) of IBM Security Network Intrusion Prevention System, formerly known as Internet Security Systems Proventia, formerly known as NetworkICE Blackice" ID="ID_570816931" CREATED="1286015384954" MODIFIED="1286015491366" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="behavioural analysis" ID="ID_552867124" CREATED="1285785327797" MODIFIED="1285785333510" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- <node TEXT="analyses behaviour from a higher level" ID="ID_551573316" CREATED="1286015518784" MODIFIED="1286015607625" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="uses behavioural patterns" ID="ID_776673462" CREATED="1286015570519" MODIFIED="1286015603965" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="network based behavioural analysis needs input from other detection methods" ID="ID_1550464747" CREATED="1286015619489" MODIFIED="1286015678630" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- <node TEXT="Example: a portscan to a target host was followed by outgoing IRC traffic to an external system and portscans from the previously targeted system against other systems on the same internal network" ID="ID_1426442218" CREATED="1286015856383" MODIFIED="1286016115449" COLOR="#111111">
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- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="host based behavioural analysis can analyse function calls, memory mappings etc. (in memory)" ID="ID_1557425762" CREATED="1286015679815" MODIFIED="1286015741479" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- <node TEXT="Example alert: program xyz hides process id, hooks system calls, installs itself as a driver, binds shell to tcp port...." ID="ID_1770904999" CREATED="1286015753343" MODIFIED="1286015849847" COLOR="#111111">
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- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="statistical anomaly detection" ID="ID_652626071" CREATED="1285785333876" MODIFIED="1285785346063" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- <node TEXT="prerequisite: learn what's "normal" traffic on your network" ID="ID_1426789587" CREATED="1286016133824" MODIFIED="1286016162834" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="detects deviations from "normal" communication relations" ID="ID_1511312685" CREATED="1286016163320" MODIFIED="1286016250115" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- <node TEXT="which ip addresses communicate with each other on a regular basis?" ID="ID_1283586463" CREATED="1286016251493" MODIFIED="1286016277169" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="and which protocols are the using?" ID="ID_240727" CREATED="1286016270389" MODIFIED="1286016279916" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="what's the amount of packets or bandwith that is "normally" used by each of these known connections" ID="ID_1219501817" CREATED="1286016281797" MODIFIED="1286016350955" COLOR="#111111">
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- <node TEXT="overall amount of packets and bandwith per protocol" ID="ID_705452875" CREATED="1286016354004" MODIFIED="1286016379187" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="ratio of ingress and egress traffic" ID="ID_1640274072" CREATED="1286016385084" MODIFIED="1286016396913" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="Example: Snort Statistical Anomaly Detection Enging (SPADE) (old)" ID="ID_662877496" CREATED="1286016398100" MODIFIED="1286016433049" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="not very specific on the kind of attack" ID="ID_1124088648" CREATED="1286016452019" MODIFIED="1286016460578" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="normal condition is difficult to define in heterogeneous, growing and changing networks" ID="ID_773719544" CREATED="1286016461171" MODIFIED="1286016510745" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="relatively cost effective for broad coverage using netflow" ID="ID_1385382187" CREATED="1286016516905" MODIFIED="1286016584640" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="policies" ID="ID_49285987" CREATED="1285785346460" MODIFIED="1285785352984" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- <node TEXT="principle of white listing: deny all, allow some" ID="ID_424844596" CREATED="1286016602854" MODIFIED="1286016615979" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="often combined with other detection methods" ID="ID_700901954" CREATED="1286016975846" MODIFIED="1286016985779" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="easy to implement" ID="ID_578500766" CREATED="1286016629926" MODIFIED="1286016644491" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="economises on hardware resources" ID="ID_1584220913" CREATED="1286016650855" MODIFIED="1286016662385" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="handy for realtime auditing without impacting availability or performance of productive services" ID="ID_1823260961" CREATED="1286016665549" MODIFIED="1286016707181" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="has to be updated as corporate policies change" ID="ID_1891394560" CREATED="1286016708747" MODIFIED="1286016798100" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="complements firewall and other policies" ID="ID_331847625" CREATED="1286016802320" MODIFIED="1286016840089" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="Example: Firewall has to allow outgoing HTTP and cannot detect Skype or other connections within HTTP that are being prohibited. An IDS combining pattern matching signatures (e.g. for skype client startup messages) with policy can detect this" ID="ID_242270338" CREATED="1286016840648" MODIFIED="1286016967054" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="reputation services" ID="ID_1421724855" CREATED="1285785353563" MODIFIED="1285785361693" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- <node TEXT="uses public databases of known bad hosts" ID="ID_1523111777" CREATED="1286017063924" MODIFIED="1286017201090" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- <node TEXT="blacklists" ID="ID_1852321768" CREATED="1286017097242" MODIFIED="1286017102269" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="greylists" ID="ID_70068560" CREATED="1286017102684" MODIFIED="1286017106950" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="known botnet C&C ip addresses" ID="ID_488068421" CREATED="1286017107259" MODIFIED="1286017115957" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="known malware domain names" ID="ID_576129368" CREATED="1286017116342" MODIFIED="1286017133577" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="leverages knowledge and experience of the worldwide security community" ID="ID_193977161" CREATED="1286017143803" MODIFIED="1286017227884" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="good complement to alerts from pattern matching signatures" ID="ID_1222971723" CREATED="1286017022661" MODIFIED="1286017063450" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
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- <node TEXT="easy to implement" ID="ID_1329630819" CREATED="1286017235288" MODIFIED="1286017239994" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="information is quickly outdated / often incorrect" ID="ID_1557308595" CREATED="1286017241408" MODIFIED="1286017269040" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="only suitable as an additional intelligence source for sorting out alerts that most probably indicate a real attack from those that probably are a false positive" ID="ID_719354175" CREATED="1286017270078" MODIFIED="1286017364237" COLOR="#111111">
- <font SIZE="12"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="IDWG (concluded WG of the IETF)" ID="ID_1679330683" CREATED="1286211130531" MODIFIED="1286211286837" COLOR="#00b439" LINK="http://tools.ietf.org/wg/idwg/">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- <node TEXT="Common Intrusion Detection Framework (CIDF)" ID="ID_99139115" CREATED="1286211280455" MODIFIED="1286211511716" COLOR="#990000" LINK="http://insecure.org/stf/secnet_ids/evasion-figure1.gif">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="Intrusion Detection Exchange Format (IDMEF)" ID="ID_1641199689" CREATED="1286211742949" MODIFIED="1286211766844" COLOR="#990000" LINK="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4765.txt">
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- <node TEXT="correlation" POSITION="left" ID="ID_1747326815" CREATED="1286017427051" MODIFIED="1286018216408" COLOR="#0033ff">
- <font SIZE="18"/>
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- <node TEXT="correlation describes the relation between two or more variables, which does not have to be necessarily causal" ID="ID_32041418" CREATED="1286017581816" MODIFIED="1286018216431" COLOR="#00b439">
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- </node>
- <node TEXT="time correlation: wich events fit together in a time based context?" ID="ID_1954684088" CREATED="1286017689260" MODIFIED="1286018216437" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="behaviour: do certain events correlate with a typical known attack behaviour" ID="ID_550586880" CREATED="1286017743586" MODIFIED="1286018216446" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
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- <node TEXT="attack/host/service/vulnerability correlation" ID="ID_868677934" CREATED="1286017792416" MODIFIED="1286018216452" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- <node TEXT="does the attacked host run the service that is being attacked?" ID="ID_1929669229" CREATED="1286017840854" MODIFIED="1286018216452" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="does the targeted service have the vulnerability or a potentially vulnerable version?" ID="ID_1711031058" CREATED="1286017843103" MODIFIED="1286018216453" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="is the attack source a known "bad" host? (reputation)" ID="ID_1401191048" CREATED="1286017932404" MODIFIED="1286018216455" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="what is the geo-ip reputation of the originating ip? (maybe alerts that originate from some geographic area or country are less often false positives than others)" ID="ID_1074696655" CREATED="1286017965235" MODIFIED="1286018216481" COLOR="#00b439">
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- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="vulnerability databases" POSITION="right" ID="ID_1437440953" CREATED="1286018264429" MODIFIED="1286018552417" COLOR="#0033ff">
- <font SIZE="18"/>
- <edge STYLE="sharp_bezier" WIDTH="8"/>
- <node TEXT="CVE, OSVDB, Exploit-DB, Bugtraq, Vupen, Secunia, eEye, ..." ID="ID_742411990" CREATED="1286018304724" MODIFIED="1286018343678" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="knowledge base of known vulnerabilities, weaknesses, impact/criticality score, affected versions, workarounds, available patches, available exploits etc." ID="ID_1762645785" CREATED="1286018344413" MODIFIED="1286018545398" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
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- <node TEXT="problem: there is no universal, vendor indipendent, standardised reference that could be used to map any vulnerability, weakness, product to IDS alerts." ID="ID_1906127368" CREATED="1286018393101" MODIFIED="1286018487938" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="CVE is the only common denominator, which does not cover everything" ID="ID_94814474" CREATED="1286018488438" MODIFIED="1286018515856" COLOR="#00b439">
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- </node>
- <node TEXT="a locally installed and regularly updated vulnerability database/knowledge base should be part of any IDS product" ID="ID_755955765" CREATED="1286018554860" MODIFIED="1286018601470" COLOR="#00b439">
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- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="intrusion detection wall of fame" POSITION="right" ID="ID_1221929902" CREATED="1286212331357" MODIFIED="1286212356604" COLOR="#0033ff">
- <font SIZE="18"/>
- <edge STYLE="sharp_bezier" WIDTH="8"/>
- <node TEXT="Clifford Stoll" ID="ID_1625900681" CREATED="1286212371548" MODIFIED="1286212384766" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- <node TEXT="tracked down german folks hacking into computers by initially investigating a $0.75 accounting error in the computer usage accounts" ID="ID_52371815" CREATED="1286213879147" MODIFIED="1286214041310" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="Marcus J. Ranum" ID="ID_1557868724" CREATED="1286212359668" MODIFIED="1286212365237" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- <node TEXT="designed the NFR Network Flight Recorder IDS" ID="ID_1207514877" CREATED="1286214043799" MODIFIED="1286214059777" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="Robert Graham" ID="ID_985629532" CREATED="1286212365757" MODIFIED="1286212370929" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- <node TEXT="designed the NetworkICE BlackICE protocol analysis based IDS/IPS product" ID="ID_788425007" CREATED="1286214060214" MODIFIED="1286214083222" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="Stephen Northcutt" ID="ID_429193792" CREATED="1286212396043" MODIFIED="1286212404811" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- <node TEXT="developer of the Shadow intrusion detection system, book author, president of SANS institute, founder of the GIAC certification at SANS" ID="ID_945164711" CREATED="1286214174563" MODIFIED="1286214320544" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="Chris Claus" ID="ID_667486146" CREATED="1286212433243" MODIFIED="1286212436774" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- <node TEXT="founder and former CTO of Internet Security Systems" ID="ID_1923678087" CREATED="1286214356869" MODIFIED="1286214359382" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
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- </node>
- <node TEXT="Ron Gula" ID="ID_620598613" CREATED="1286212587390" MODIFIED="1286212590645" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- <node TEXT="designer of the Dragon IDS (Enterasys)" ID="ID_726810005" CREATED="1286214389924" MODIFIED="1286214401590" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
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- </node>
- <node TEXT="Marty Roesch" ID="ID_737116004" CREATED="1286212724626" MODIFIED="1286213337031" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- <node TEXT="originally and initially designed the Snort IDS, founder of Sourcefire" ID="ID_234729630" CREATED="1286214402068" MODIFIED="1286214440448" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
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- </node>
- <node TEXT="Judy Novak" ID="ID_1125353353" CREATED="1297976467058" MODIFIED="1297976507816" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- <node TEXT="Co author with Stephen Northcutt of "Network Intrusion Detection", trainer at SANS, 2010 recipient of a SANS Lifetime Achievement award" ID="ID_1065642801" CREATED="1297976536744" MODIFIED="1297976763591" COLOR="#990000">
- <font SIZE="14"/>
- </node>
- </node>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="Books" POSITION="left" ID="ID_1522262233" CREATED="1286213377169" MODIFIED="1286213394125" COLOR="#0033ff">
- <font SIZE="18"/>
- <edge STYLE="sharp_bezier" WIDTH="8"/>
- <node TEXT="Intrusion Signatures and Analysis by Matt Fearnow, Stephen Northcutt, Karen Frederick, and Mark Cooper (Paperback - Jan 29, 2001)" ID="ID_968926904" CREATED="1286213476423" MODIFIED="1286213511668" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="Network Intrusion Detection: An Analysts' Handbook by Stephen Northcutt" ID="ID_1591370485" CREATED="1286213512389" MODIFIED="1286213539686" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="Intrusion Detection und Prevention mit Snort & Co. by Ralf Spenneberg" ID="ID_1269112405" CREATED="1286213570451" MODIFIED="1286213578411" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="Snort IDS and IPS Toolkit (Jay Beale's Open Source Security) by Brian Caswell, Jay Beale, and Andrew Baker (Paperback - Feb 1, 2007)" ID="ID_380081492" CREATED="1286213606625" MODIFIED="1286213608360" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="Know Your Enemy: Learning about Security Threats (2nd Edition) by
The Honeynet Project" ID="ID_188409289" CREATED="1286213643329" MODIFIED="1286213664352" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
- <edge STYLE="bezier" WIDTH="thin"/>
- </node>
- <node TEXT="The Cuckoo's Egg by Cliff Stoll" ID="ID_187663407" CREATED="1286213799421" MODIFIED="1286213804795" COLOR="#00b439">
- <font SIZE="16"/>
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