AndrzejL Arch install 512MB HDD

GOAL? Install Arch Linux on a 512 MB hdd.
PURPOSE? Thin client.
WHAT ARE THE MAIN EXPECTATIONS?
- network
- ssh server for remote access
- sshfs for mounting ssh share / large HDD
- tmux for "window" management
- mc for file management
- alsa-utils for sound
- mpg123 as a mp3 codec
- moc as a mp3 / radio / streams player
- all has to fit in on a 512 card...

MISSION ACCOMPLISHED ;D (so far only in VBox but this will do as a proof of concept).

http://postimage.org/image/ab1maucnh/

HOW?

0) BOOT FROM CD and open this link: https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beginners%27_Guide

Follow the guide for the beginners and look at steps below. Make sure You understand what You're doing... Some steps are identical like in beginners guide. SOME are different. SOME will vary for You (locale, network setup). Have fun and good luck.

1) LOCALE:

loadkeys uk

nano /etc/locale.gen

--- # the en_US locale un# the one You want (UTF-8 preffered)

locale-gen

2) NETWORK:

ip link set eth0 up

ip addr add 192.168.0.201/24 dev eth0

ip route add default via 192.168.0.1

nano /etc/resolv.conf

--- Add:

nameserver 192.168.0.1

ping -c 3 google.com

3) PARTITIONING:

cfdisk /dev/sda

--- Setup the whole disk as primary partition, Bootable, Linux (83) write the partition table and quit.

mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1

--- Formatting as ext4

mount /dev/sda1 /mnt

--- mounting

4) INSTALL PACKAGES TO NEW ROOT:

pacstrap -i /mnt linux e2fsprogs

--- 102.62 DOWNLOAD
--- 334.33 INSTALL SIZE

rm -f /mnt/var/cache/pacman/pkg/*.tar.xz

pacstrap -i /mnt device-mapper gettext inetutils iproute2 iputils licenses lvm2 mdadm pacman pciutils procps-ng sysfsutils systemd-sysvcompat usbutils which xfsprogs jfsutils ifplugd mc netcfg grub-bios

--- IF You have pcmcia device / port and you're planning on using it add pcmciautils to the list
--- 17.36 DOWNLOAD
--- 77.39 INSTALL SIZE

rm -f /mnt/var/cache/pacman/pkg/*.tar.xz

--- FREE SPACE ~67 MB

pacstrap -i /mnt net-tools

--- 0.11 DOWNLOAD
--- 0.49 INSTALL SIZE

rm -f /mnt/var/cache/pacman/pkg/*.tar.xz

pacstrap -i /mnt alsa-utils openssh mpg123 tmux moc sshfs

--- 7.01 DOWNLOAD
--- 33.86 INSTALL SIZE

rm -f /mnt/var/cache/pacman/pkg/*.tar.xz

5) FSTAB

genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

nano /mnt/etc/fstab

-- Change this entry:

# /dev/sda1

UUID=xxxxxxxx-yyyy-aaaa-cccc-rrrrrrrrrrrr / ext4 rw,relatime,data=orderered 0 1

to

# /dev/sda1
UUID=xxxxxxxx-yyyy-aaaa-cccc-rrrrrrrrrrrr / ext4 defaults 1 1

6) CHROOT TO NEW INSTALL

arch-chroot /mnt

A) LOCALE:

mcedit /etc/locale.gen

--- # the en_US locale un# the one You want (UTF-8 preffered)

locale-gen

echo LANG=en_IE.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf

export LANG=en_IE.UTF-8

loadkeys uk

mcedit /etc/vconsole.conf

--- add:

KEYMAP=uk
FONT=Lat2-Terminus16

--- and save

B) TIMEZONE

ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Dublin > /etc/localtime

C) CLOCK

hwclock --systohc --utc

D) HOSTNAME

echo 512mb_arch_install > /etc/hostname

E) NETWORK

cd /etc/network.d

cp examples/ethernet-static .

mcedit ./ethernet-static

EXAMPLE:

--- CONNECTION='ethernet'
--- DESCRIPTION='A basic static ethernet connection using iproute'
--- INTERFACE='eth0'
--- IP='static'
--- ADDR='192.168.0.201'
--- #ROUTES=('192.168.0.0/24 via 192.168.0.1')
--- GATEWAY='192.168.0.1'
--- DNS=('192.168.0.1')

--- ## For IPv6 autoconfiguration
--- #IP6=stateless

--- ## For IPv6 static address configuration
--- #IP6='static'
--- #ADDR6=('1234:5678:9abc:def::1/64' '1234:3456::123/96')
--- #ROUTES6=('abcd::1234')
--- #GATEWAY6='1234:0:123::abcd'

systemctl enable net-auto-wired.service

F) KERNEL:

mkinitcpio -p linux

G) PASSWORDS / USERS

passwd

--- change root's password

groupadd andrzejl

--- add andrzejl group

useradd -m -g andrzejl -G wheel -s /bin/bash andrzejl

--- add andrzejl user with main group = andrzejl also member of wheel group, creating a home and with /bin/bash shell

passwd andrzejl

--- change andrzejl's password

H) BOOTLOADER = GRUB2

grub-install --target=i386-pc --recheck /dev/sda

cp /usr/share/locale/en\@quot/LC_MESSAGES/grub.mo /boot/grub/locale/en.mo

grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg

I) SSHD ENABLING:

sysctemctl enable sshd.service

J) FINISHING:

exit

umount -a

reboot

[andrzejl@wishmacer ~]$ nmap -p 22 192.168.0.201

Starting Nmap 6.25 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-02-05 15:39 GMT
Nmap scan report for 192.168.0.201
Host is up (0.010s latency).
PORT   STATE SERVICE
22/tcp open  ssh

Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 0.21 seconds
[andrzejl@wishmacer ~]$ ssh 192.168.0.201
The authenticity of host '192.168.0.201 (192.168.0.201)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is c9:d5:e6:81:ab:66:cf:ec:50:10:09:05:84:91:a3:a8.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.201' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
andrzejl@192.168.0.201's password:
X11 forwarding request failed on channel 0
Last login: Tue Feb  5 15:38:44 2013
[andrzejl@512mb_arch_install ~]$ ping google.com
PING google.com (173.194.70.139) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from fa-in-f139.1e100.net (173.194.70.139): icmp_seq=1 ttl=49 time=203 ms
64 bytes from fa-in-f139.1e100.net (173.194.70.139): icmp_seq=2 ttl=49 time=402 ms
64 bytes from fa-in-f139.1e100.net (173.194.70.139): icmp_seq=3 ttl=49 time=192 ms
^C
--- google.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 192.511/266.170/402.582/96.560 ms
[andrzejl@512mb_arch_install ~]$ df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
rootfs          496M  446M   25M  95% /
dev             249M     0  249M   0% /dev
run             250M  308K  250M   1% /run
/dev/sda1       496M  446M   25M  95% /
tmpfs           250M     0  250M   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           250M     0  250M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           250M     0  250M   0% /tmp
[andrzejl@512mb_arch_install ~]$ mocp
Can't load plugin libaac_decoder: file not found
Can't load plugin libffmpeg_decoder: file not found
Can't load plugin libmodplug_decoder: file not found
Can't load plugin libmusepack_decoder: file not found
Can't load plugin libspeex_decoder: file not found
Can't load plugin libwavpack_decoder: file not found
Running the server...
Trying JACK...
Trying ALSA...

--- additional packages that could be installed:

- inxi
- lm_sensors
- acpi
- htop
- lsof
- screen - remove tmux and install screen for alternative "window" management
- gpm - enables mouse in terminal

pacman -S gpm

systemctl enable gpm

systemctl start gpm

--- additional fixes that could added:

--- edit sysctl.conf

mcedit /etc/sysctl.conf

--- add this:

# Added by AndrzejL

#disable ipv6
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
#less caching less swap use max ram
vm.swappiness=0

--- to almost disable caching and to disable ipv6

--- change root prompt to red and add some aliases DONT FORGET TO CHANGE andrzejl TO YOUR LOGIN

mcedit /root/.bashrc

--- modify

PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/lib/kde4/libexec
ENV=$HOME/.bashrc
USERNAME="root"
export XAUTHORITY=/home/andrzejl/.Xauthority
export USERNAME ENV PATH
# User specific aliases and functions
alias ssh='ssh -Y'
alias procesy='ps -A -o pid,stat,pmem,pcpu,start,etime,comm,user --sort=-pcpu'
alias konq='konqueror --profile filemanagement&'
# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
        . /etc/bashrc
fi
export PS1='\[\033[01;31m\][\u@\h \W]\$\[\033[00m\] '

--- to look like this ^^^

[root@512mb_arch_install andrzejl]# inxi -v7
System:    Host: 512mb_arch_install Kernel: 3.7.5-1-ARCH i686 (32 bit, gcc: 4.7.2) Console: tty 0 Distro: Arch Linux
Machine:   System: innotek product: VirtualBox version: 1.2 serial: 0  Chassis: Oracle type: 1
           Mobo: Oracle model: VirtualBox version: 1.2 serial: 0 Bios: innotek version: VirtualBox date: 12/01/2006
CPU:       Single core Intel Celeron M (-UP-) cache: 1024 KB flags: (sse sse2) bmips: 2998.46 clocked at 1498.783 MHz
Graphics:  Card: InnoTek Systemberatung VirtualBox Graphics Adapter bus-ID: 00:02.0 chip-ID: 80ee:beef
           X-Vendor: N/A driver: tty size: 116x32 Advanced Data: N/A for root out of X
Audio:     Card: Intel 82801AA AC'97 Audio Controller
           driver: snd_intel8x0 ports: d100 d200 bus-ID: 00:05.0 chip-ID: 8086:2415
           Sound: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture ver: k3.7.5-1-ARCH
Network:   Card: Intel 82540EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller
           driver: e1000 ver: 7.3.21-k8-NAPI port: d010 bus-ID: 00:03.0 chip-ID: 8086:100e
           IF: eth0 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full mac: 08:00:27:e6:ea:69
           WAN IP: None Detected! IF: eth0 ip: 192.168.0.201 ip-v6: N/A
Drives:    HDD Total Size: 0.5GB (87.8% used)
           1: id: /dev/sda model: VBOX_HARDDISK size: 0.5GB serial: VB8af86596-5056c6e9
           Optical: /dev/sr0 model: N/A rev: N/A dev-links: cdrom
           Features: speed: 32x multisession: yes audio: yes dvd: yes rw: none state: N/A
Partition: ID: / size: 496M used: 450M (96%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda1
           label: N/A uuid: a4fe56bc-2297-4ade-bc4d-3d80cc00a550
RAID:      No RAID data available - /proc/mdstat is missing - is md_mod kernel module loaded?
Unmounted: ID: /dev/sr0 size: 1.07G label: N/A uuid: N/A
Sensors:   None detected - is lm-sensors installed and configured?
Info:      Processes: 58 Uptime: 4 min Memory: 18.8/499.5MB Runlevel: 5 Gcc sys: N/A
           Client: Shell (bash 4.2.42 running in tty 0) inxi: 1.8.34
[root@512mb_arch_install andrzejl]#

all is peachy... sound, network and so on...