2016-01-27 Core: 4 future predictions

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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Homework: p. 161 practice 2
(Also think about jobs you might like to interview for tomorrow or Thursday.)
2 I’m buying (I already planned to buy sugar as part of my trip into town) / I’ll buy (deciding now, when I notice we have no sugar) / I’m going to buy (I decided before)
3 I won’t spend (I just now noticed my sunburn, so I make this decision right now as I speak.)
4 is taking / (is going to take) - both okay, so we probably use the shorter one
5 I’ll have (“will” is more common when ordering things in a restaurant than “going to”)
6 I’ll get (I just learned you had a headache and decide to get you aspirin in this moment) / I’m getting (I already knew you had a headache and am in the middle of getting you aspirin)
7 I’m buying / I’m going to buy
8 are you flying (I’m asking about a trip that has already been arranged.)

Are you going to meet him? (future with “going to”, main verb = meet)
Are you going to the store? (present continuous, main verb = go)
Are you going to go to the store? (future with “going to”, main verb = go)

Remember: the pronunciation “gonna” is only okay in future with “going to” sentences. You CANNOT say “Are you gonna the store?”
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What will you do? = Something happened suddenly, and I don’t think you’ve made any plans about it yet.
What are you going to do? = I think you have already made some kind of plan, and I want to know what it is.
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Maybe I will go to New York. = I haven’t decided yet, but this is one possibility.
Maybe I’m going to (go to) New York. = I know a plan has been made, but I’m not sure what the plan is.
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p. 49 - phrasal verbs
drop out = quit before finishing (with an object, we also need “of”: drop out of school)
This phrasal verb is inseparable, meaning we can’t separate it by putting an object in the middle.

drop off = leave someone or something in a location and then go somewhere else
I dropped off my laundry. = I dropped my laundry off.
This phrasal verb is separable, meaning the object CAN go in the middle of the verb.
I dropped it off. (NOT: *I dropped off it.)
Pronoun objects MUST go in the middle of separable phrasal verbs.
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p. 46 - From the picture, map, and title of the article, what do you think it’s about?
part 3 - read the article and complete the table with the correct information
1 accountant
2 senior technician
3 Hyundai car factory
4 farmer
5 manager
6 Nokia factory

(Swede = person from Sweden)

a 20-year-old accountant
She is 20 years old.

a 500-page book
The book has 500 pages.

a 10-dollar bill
The bill is worth 10 dollars.
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Future predictions (not the same as plans):

Don’t worry, I’ll be fine.
Selvan might soon own one of the cars he makes.
Some farmers may lose their land.
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p. 47 part 13 - Share some predictions you have for your country with your partner. (especially in the areas listed: economy, environment, etc.)
Also: technology, crime, education, entertainment
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BREAK
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Other modals for predictions:
The superhighway could be good for some people but bad for others.
Affirmative could/might/may have the same meaning for future predictions: this thing is a possibility

It may not be good for everyone. = It might not be good for everyone. = Maybe it won’t be good.

*It could not be good for everyone. (We don’t use “couldn’t” for predictions, and in other situations it means something is impossible, which is very different from “might not” and “may not”.)
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Adverbs for predictions:
It will certainly help. = It will definitely help. - I’m 100% sure it will help.
It will probably help. - I’m more than 50% sure it will help.
It will possibly help. = Maybe it will help. - Not 0% and not 100%. (Usually around 50%.)

It certainly won’t help. = It definitely won’t help. - I’m 100% sure it won’t help.
It probably won’t help. - I’m more than 50% sure it won’t help.
It possibly won’t help. = Maybe it won’t help. - Not 0% and not 100%.

It may/might (not) help. = Maybe it will (not) help.

*It may probably help. (We don’t combine “probably” with uncertainty.)

(It definitely might help. = It’s definitely a possibility. = It’s definitely not 0%.)
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p. 47 part 8 - Which option does NOT make sense?
2 may not
3 will
4 might not
5 will
6 may not
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I may look for a new job. (You expect me to stay, so looking for a new job is new information.)
I may not look for a new job.  (You thought I would look for a new job, so it’s new information that maybe I won’t.)

I may die during this activity. (Normally you wouldn’t expect me to die, so the possibility is new information.)
I may not die during this activity. (I thought it would be very dangerous and I would probably die. Now I realize there’s a possibility that I will survive.)

“May” and “may not” (and “might” and “might not”) both mean something is about 50/50, but we say the one that is new or unexpected information.
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p. 47 part 11 - complete the sentences with “job(s)” or “work(s)”
1 work
2 job
3 work (or “jobs”)
4 work
5 work
6 work
7 jobs
8 work

work (verb): labor for some purpose (I work at Stafford House.)
work (verb): function (The phone doesn’t work.)

work (noun): the place where you work (I go to work at 8:00.)
work (noncount noun): stuff that you do at work (I still have a lot of work to do.)

job (count noun): task that you need to do (I did a good job on that presentation.)
job (count noun): occupation (I have a good job as a teacher.)

(work (count noun): piece of art or literature (I have read all the works of Shakespeare.))
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Ask your partner questions 1-4 from part 11.
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Find someone in the class who is going to…

1 stay in Boston for at least 3 more months.
2 stay in Boston after finishing at Stafford House.
3 go back to their country immediately after graduation.
4 go to university after this course.
5 get a new job after this course.
6 study another language after English.
7 have a big family in the future.
8 get married in the next two years.

Javier, Nazlıcan, Pack, Fernanda, Andrea, Luis, Catalina
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Homework: read p. 51 and do p. 50 parts 2, 3, 4