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a) Declarations are unable to exist inside the function,hook,event handler.the declaration should appear ahead any statements.it is utilized to acess the varaiables or functions specified in discrete source files.A discrepancy among the defnitions and statements produces a compilation errors.

b)Key words with upper case is much readable in particular circumstances.but the java is case senstive i.e lower case all the time.A compiler must not intends to second_predict the goal of user.

c) to decrease the noise in programm that restricts the amount of fuctional code.

d) A String varaiable is initialized if you create and give the first value through a strExpr.but when you create a string variable and give without initializer i.e empty string(''').the string varaiable is initialized for particular initial value or for the empty string( "") when we offfer no initial value.

e) it is nothing but the same but not correctly equal for something. mostly utilized for mnathematical functions and shapes.it depends on degree of precesion needed.