# method 1
colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue', 'orange', 'purple', 'red', 'blue', 'blue']

d = {}
for color in colors:
    d[color] = d.get(color, 0) + 1

print(d)

# method 2
from collections import Counter

colors = ['red', 'green', 'blue', 'orange', 'purple', 'red', 'blue', 'blue']
dic = Counter(colors)

print(dic)