struct Cacher<T, U>
    where T: Fn(U) -> U
{
    calculation: T,
    value: Option<U>,
}

impl<T, U> Cacher<T, U>
    where T: Fn(U) -> U
{
    fn new(calculation: T) -> Cacher<T, U> {
        Cacher {
            calculation,
            value: None,
        }
    }

    fn value(&mut self, arg: U) -> U {
        match self.value {
            Some(v) => v,
            None => {
                let v = (self.calculation)(arg);
                self.value = Some(v);
                v
            },
        }
    }
}

fn main() {
    let mut cash = Cacher::new(|x| {x+1});
    println!("Hello, world! {}", cash.value(10));
}