2018-06-14 TOEFL: ind and int writing overview

Greg Malivuk
gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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https://ed.ted.com/lessons/can-you-solve-the-penniless-pilgrim-riddle-daniel-finkel
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Homework: Finish the “Test Questions” sections on the handout
		p. 33 1L10, p. 35-36 1L13, p. 37 1L14, p. 39-40 1L15
1L10
1 c
2 c d e
3 c
4 b
5 c
6 - 1 2 2 1 1 2
1L13
1 b
2 d
3 a
4 b c
5 b
6 - 2 2 1 1 2 2
1L14
1 b
2 b
3 b
4 a b
5 b c
1L15
1 b
2 d
3 d
4 c
5 a b
6 - 3 2 1 4
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Writing Section: 4th and final section on the test, 2 tasks, about 60 minutes total
1 integrated: read a passage, listen to a lecture about the same topic, 20 minutes to summarize the points from the listening and explain how they relate to the main points from the reading
2 independent: read a choice question, 30 minutes to state and support your opinion about the choice
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Independent Writing
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There are two types of choice question:
- agree/disagree: “Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?”
- some people / other people: “Some people think _____. Others believe _____. What do you think?”
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DELTA p. 394 - agree/disagree example
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Prewriting (no more than 5 minutes)
1 Think about what it means to disagree with an agree/disagree statement. Usually there’s more than one way to disagree.
2 Brainstorm some reasons for both choices. Think of possible supporting examples for each of the reasons.
3 Choose the option that has more easily supported reasons for it.
4 Write a brief outline with your opinion, about 3 reasons, and an example or two for each reason.
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When you start writing, just write your thesis statement at first, then begin writing body paragraphs.
At first, don’t spend any more than 5 minutes on each body paragraph. Move onto the next one even if you’re in the middle of a sentence.
At the end, you can come back and add to your introduction and write a conclusion.
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1 Introduction: explain the options you’re choosing between, state your opinion, lead-in (to preview the supporting reasons you’ll write about)
2-4 Body: state your reasons, support them with details and examples that (a) show that your reason is true and (b) show that it supports your opinion
5 Conclusion: restate your opinion, summarize your reasons, and wrap up with advice, a recommendation, or a prediction about the future
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BREAK
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DELTA p. 404 prompt 1 - Take 5 minutes to brainstorm some ideas for both choices (agree and disagree) and then write a short outline with the reasons and some examples you can use to support your opinion.
Then take another 5 minutes to write one body paragraph for this response.
	“The first reason is that if a student doesn’t like a teacher, …”
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Integrated Writing
- 3 minutes to read a passage and make note of the main idea and three supporting points
- listen to a lecture about the same topic (but probably with the opposite main idea) and take notes
- 20 minutes to write about the main points from the lecture and how they relate to the reading
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DELTA p. 369 - Take 3 minutes to read the article. What are the main ideas?
R0 (main idea) = the development plan is a good idea
R1 = it will make the city more attractive and motivate people to live and shop there
R2 = it will solve the need for residential space
R3 = it will benefit the city economically with construction jobs and small businesses
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Listen to the lecture and take notes on its main points.
L0 = the development plan is a bad idea
L1 = it will destroy the view of the lake, and the natural beauty is what attracts people to the town now
	(Building a park instead would enhance this beauty and make the city more attractive)
L2 = the new housing will be too expensive for most people who work in the area, so it won’t really solve the residential space problem
L3 = financial benefits go to only a few people (real estate and construction), and this comes with a high environmental cost (and a park instead would not cause problems for the environment)
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A point-by-point response has four paragraphs:
1 Introduction: explain the topic, summarize R0 and L0 and explain how they relate
2 First point: summarize R1 and L1, and explain how L1 relates to R1
3 Second point: summarize R2 and L2, and explain how L2 relates to R2
4 Third point: summarize R3 and L3, and explain how L3 relates to R3
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p. 392 - Take three minutes to read the text.
R0 = wind energy is good
R1 = wind energy is available everywhere and abundant enough to provide 20% of US energy
R2 = wind energy is affordable enough to compete with other energy, ½ coal and ⅕ of nuclear costs
R3 = wind energy is clean and environmentally friendly, no greenhouse gases or pollution and will decrease our need for fossil fuels
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What might be some contrasting points from the lecture? Listen and take notes.
L0 = It’s not so great.
L1 = unpredictable amount, not always available
L2 = expensive to build infrastructure before building turbines
L3 = kills birds (not environmentally friendly), makes noise (not nice to live near)
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Citation Language: say where the ideas come from (“the reading says”, “according to the speaker”, etc.)
Contrast Language: explain how they relate (“On the other hand”, “This contradicts…”, etc.)
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Speaking Section: third section, after the 10-minute break; about 20 minutes total for 6 tasks
1 independent, open-ended - 15 seconds to prepare / 45 seconds to speak
2 independent, choice question - 15/45
3 integrated reading/listening/speaking, campus announcement and conversation - 30/60
4 integrated R/L/S, academic text and lecture - 30/60
5 integrated L/S, conversation about a problem and solutions - 20/60
6 integrated L/S, academic lecture - 20/60