Jane (2017)

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I think I've read
somewhere, maybe someone told me
that when you were a child

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you used to dream as a man.

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Yeah.

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I was typically a man,
I went on adventures.

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How come?

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Probably because
at the time I wanted to
do things which men did

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and women didn't.

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You know going to Africa,
living with animals, that's
all I ever thought about.

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Everything led in the most
natural way, it seems now,
to that magical invitation to

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Africa in 1957 where I
would meet Dr. Louis Leakey,

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who had sent me on
my way to Gombe
and the chimpanzees.

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I had no training, no degree.

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But Louis didn't care
about academic credentials.

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What he was looking for was
someone with an open mind,
with a passion for knowledge,

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with a love of animals, and
with monumental patience.

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My mission was to get
close to the chimpanzees,

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to live among them,
to be accepted.

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<i>I wanted to come as close to
talking to animals as I could,
to be like Doctor Doolittle.</i>

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<i>I wanted to move among them
without fear, like Tarzan.</i>

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♪ ♪

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♪ ♪

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The huge, gnarled, and ancient
trees, the little streams
chuckling their way through

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rocky pathways to the lake.

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The birds. The insects.

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Since I was eight or nine
years old, I had dreamed
of being in Africa,

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of living in the bush
among wild animals.

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And suddenly, I found I was
actually living in my dream.

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I already felt that I belonged
to this new forest world.

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That this was where
I was meant to be.

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♪ ♪

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♪ ♪

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When I arrived in Gombe,
I had no idea what I was
going to do except that

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I was going to try and get
the chimpanzees used to me,
so that I could really learn

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about what they were doing.

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That was, that was in the
back of my mind because
I'd watched other animals,

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and the only way to
learn about them is when
they know you're there but

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they ignore you.

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Except they
can rip your face off.

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-Well, I didn't know that.

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I didn't think about that!

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There was nobody
talking about that.

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There was no fear
of chimpanzees in the wild?

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-You have to realize that back
then, there were no people out
in the field whose research I

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could read about except this
one man, and he saw chimps
once or maybe twice in the

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three months of his study.

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And then much earlier on,
there was this crazy man who
painted himself with

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baboon shit, I think, and sat
in hides, in hopes that
chimps would appear.

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There were plenty of snakes,
many poisonous snakes.

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And to be honest,
I always believed that
if you walk carefully,

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you don't startle a snake,
you don't tread on it,
they're not going to hurt you.

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I had this probably crazy
feeling, 'nothing's going to
hurt me, I'm meant to be here."

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♪ ♪

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♪ ♪

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♪ ♪

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♪ ♪

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♪ ♪

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I watched them feeding in
a large fig tree, calling
noisily from time to time.

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The trees came alive.

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And so began one of the most
exciting periods of my life.

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The time of discovery.

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♪ ♪

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My life fell into a rhythm.

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Day after day.

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In the sun, the
wind and the rain.

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I climbed into the
hills and stayed with the
chimps from dawn...

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until darkness fell.

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Most times I would
encounter a group of
chimps or a single chimp,

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but there were times when I
couldn't find them at all.

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And when I tried to get
closer, they ran off
as soon as they saw me.

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I was an intruder.

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And a strange one at that.

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As I am not a defeatist,
it only made my determination
to succeed stronger.

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I never had any
thought of quitting.

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I should forever have
lost all self respect
if I had given up.

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I became totally absorbed
into this forest existence.

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I could give myself up to
the sheer pleasure of being on
my own in the rugged terrain

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that I was coming to know
as well as I had known the
Bournemouth cliffs as a child.

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It was an unparalleled period.

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When aloneness
was a way of life.

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And even as I was, bit by bit,
piecing together something
of their way of life,

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so they were getting
used to the sight of
the strange white ape.

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♪ ♪

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In those days,
it was not thought at
all safe for a young,

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single girl to go into
the wilds of Africa.

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I had to choose a companion.

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00:13:27,038 --> 00:13:29,914
It was my mother
who volunteered.

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Mom set up a clinic; she
handed out medicine to many
of the local fisherman.

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Patients would walk for
miles to get treatment.

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00:13:54,666 --> 00:13:57,235
What was your relationship
like with your father?

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I didn't really
know my father.
He went off to the war.

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00:14:00,672 --> 00:14:05,011
When war broke out I
was five and of course
I hugely admired him,

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but he didn't really
care about children.

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So, I couldn't say I had
a relationship with him.

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I think the most important
part about my mother
was that she listened.

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She was always fair.

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She was never angry
without a reason.

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She supported me and
my love of animals.

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She never said,
"Well, you're just a girl.

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You can't do that.

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Why don't you dream about
something you can achieve?"

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Which is what
everybody else told me.

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So it was my mother who really
built up my self-esteem.

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00:14:49,788 --> 00:14:55,328
Like most children before
the age of TV and computer
games, I loved being outside.

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Playing in the secrets
places in the garden,
learning about nature.

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I spent many hours high above
the ground at the top of my
favorite tree and

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I would read up there in my
own leafy and private world.

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<i>It was daydreaming about life
in the forest with Tarzan that
lead to my determination to go</i>

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to Africa to live with animals
and write books about them.

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I never had any aspiration
of being married
and having a family.

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It just didn't come
into my way of thinking.

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It simply wasn't there.

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Going to Africa,
living with animals.

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That's all I ever thought about.

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We were by no
means a wealthy family, so
university wasn't an option.

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00:16:00,725 --> 00:16:04,631
But I still wanted to
work with animals in
some far off place.

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I got a job as a waitress.

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I saved my wages and my
tips, every penny I could...

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to get me to Africa.

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But even though I was
living my childhood dream, I
couldn't help but be concerned

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because I couldn't get
close to the chimps.

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♪ ♪

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I didn't know if they
would ever get used to me.

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And time was running out.

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♪ ♪

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How frustrating
was it trying to study
them in those early days?

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-It was probably mostly
frustrating because
they kept running away.

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And while chimpanzees are
running away from you, you
can't really get down to the

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details of their behavior and
in the back of my mind it was
always the fear if I don't

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find out something exciting.

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The money will
run out cause all my earlier
observations were either chimps

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close up running away
or sitting on the peak
or some other spot and

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watching them
through binoculars.

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And so, you know, from
those early observations

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it was very clear
that I wasn't really
learning anything much.

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I'd been in Gombe
for five months.

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It had been a
frustrating morning.

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I had tramped up and down
three different valleys
in search of chimps,

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but had found none.

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I soon recognized
the adult male less
fearful than the others whom I

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already knew by sight
because of the distinctive
white hair on his chin.

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And unlike the
others, he didn't run.

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♪ ♪

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♪ ♪

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♪ ♪

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After months of patient
and tireless observation,
I had been rewarded.

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The chimps had accepted me.

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And gradually I was able to
penetrate further and further
into a magic world that no

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human had explored before.

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The world of the
wild chimpanzees.

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♪ ♪

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00:21:38,128 --> 00:21:43,144
♪ ♪

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Finally, I was
allowed to observe the
chimpanzees closely.

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I learned that chimpanzees
spend long hours
in grooming sessions.

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They, like us, need friendly
contact and reassurance.

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As I got to know them as
individuals I named them.

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David Greybeard, with
his calm and dignified
personality and often

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he was accompanied
by the top ranking male
at the time, Goliath.

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Mr. McGregor, a somewhat
belligerent old male,
and then there was Flo,

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with her bulbous nose and
ragged ears along with
her infant daughter Fifi.

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Staring into
the eyes of a chimpanzee,
I saw a thinking,

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reasoning personality
looking back.

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♪ ♪

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00:23:18,796 --> 00:23:20,896
♪ ♪

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I was learning from some
of the most fascinating
creatures of our times.

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And I realized that they
were all part of one group.

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A community.

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And the more I learned,

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the more I realized how like
us they were in so many ways.

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At that time in the early
1960's it was held at
least by many scientists

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that only humans had minds.

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Only humans were capable
of rational thought.

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Fortunately, I had not
been to university, and I
did not know these things.

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I felt very much as though
I was learning about fellow
beings capable of joy and

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sorrow, fear, and jealousy.

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00:26:26,951 --> 00:26:32,588
Louis Leakey sent me to Gombe
because he believed that an
understanding of chimpanzees

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in the wild would help him to
better guess how our Stone Age
ancestors may have behaved.

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00:26:53,144 --> 00:26:57,479
It had long been thought
that we were the only
creatures on earth that used

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and made tools.

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Man the toolmaker is
how we were defined.

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00:27:08,625 --> 00:27:12,304
And here was David
Greybeard using a tool.

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It was hard for me to
believe what I had seen.

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A few days later I watched
spellbound as chimps set
off to a termite mound,

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picked a small leafy
twig, then stripped
it of its leaves.

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That was object modification.

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00:27:41,258 --> 00:27:43,897
The crude beginning
of tool making.

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It had never been seen before.

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♪ ♪

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00:28:01,846 --> 00:28:07,018
When I telegramed the news to
Louis Leakey he responded that
we must now redefine man

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or accept chimpanzee's as human.

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00:28:14,557 --> 00:28:18,963
My observations at Gombe would
challenge human uniqueness and
whenever that happens...

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00:28:19,963 --> 00:28:22,902
there is always
a violent uproar.

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00:28:24,902 --> 00:28:28,537
There were some who would try to
discredit my observations
because I was a young,

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00:28:28,538 --> 00:28:31,779
untrained girl and should,
therefore, be disregarded.

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00:28:34,779 --> 00:28:38,781
The result of it all, however,
was that Louis was able
to obtain a grant from the

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00:28:38,782 --> 00:28:42,623
National Geographic Society
to continue my study.

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00:28:45,623 --> 00:28:50,294
In addition, they would be
sending out a photographer
to document the chimpanzees.

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Hi, I'm Jane.

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-Hugo

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00:29:34,270 --> 00:29:38,274
Jane, for someone who
enjoyed your solitude,

200
00:29:38,275 --> 00:29:41,344
were you concerned
about bringing another
person into your...

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00:29:41,345 --> 00:29:42,711
-Yeah.

202
00:29:42,712 --> 00:29:45,884
No, I wasn't
particularly happy, but
it was part of the deal.

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00:29:46,884 --> 00:29:48,684
Geographic funds you.

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00:29:48,685 --> 00:29:50,957
They must cover the research.

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It was my project.

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00:29:56,393 --> 00:29:59,169
And he came to, you know,
document my project.

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00:30:05,169 --> 00:30:09,415
And I just didn't want
anybody coming into
my little paradise.

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00:30:19,415 --> 00:30:24,991
♪ ♪

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00:30:27,991 --> 00:30:30,694
What were your
first impressions of Hugo?

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00:30:31,694 --> 00:30:34,564
-Well, Hugo smoked.

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00:30:34,565 --> 00:30:37,501
He almost chained smoked.

212
00:30:38,501 --> 00:30:41,040
And all the butts on
the floor, oh I have
always hated smoking.

213
00:30:44,040 --> 00:30:46,508
And he was a perfectionist.

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00:30:46,509 --> 00:30:49,513
It drove me nuts.

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00:30:50,513 --> 00:30:55,788
But at the same time, you know,
he was a nice looking guy and
his voice was quiet.

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00:30:58,788 --> 00:31:03,692
-The first evening Hugo
spent telling me about the
films that he'd made and his

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00:31:03,693 --> 00:31:07,065
childhood and how he
had always wanted to
photograph animals.

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00:31:08,065 --> 00:31:10,571
So we had a lot in common.

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00:31:15,571 --> 00:31:21,110
And I think it was pretty
obvious to me right from the
start that I was a subject of

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interest as well as the chimps.

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One day we were greeted
with fantastic news.

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A chimp had crept into
my tent and had taken some
bananas left from my supper.

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Perhaps he would come again.

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And so the next day,
Hugo and I waited.

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As the hours went by, I
began to fear that the
chimp wouldn't come.

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00:32:18,969 --> 00:32:23,778
Then a black shape
appeared on the other
side of the clearing.

227
00:32:27,778 --> 00:32:30,779
I recognized him at once.

228
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It was David Greybeard.

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00:32:34,785 --> 00:32:37,720
I could hardly believe it.

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00:32:37,721 --> 00:32:40,157
For months the chimps had been
running off when they saw me.

231
00:32:41,157 --> 00:32:43,067
Now one had actually
visited my camp.

232
00:32:50,067 --> 00:32:53,980
After that I always had a
supply of bananas ready.

233
00:33:02,980 --> 00:33:09,221
♪ ♪

234
00:33:12,221 --> 00:33:15,564
The chimps often came to
camp looking for bananas.

235
00:33:20,564 --> 00:33:25,846
And gradually they allowed
me to get closer and closer.

236
00:33:35,846 --> 00:33:42,362
♪ ♪

237
00:33:52,362 --> 00:33:56,810
♪ ♪

238
00:34:19,422 --> 00:34:25,764
It was absolutely thrilling to
have the chimpanzees so close,

239
00:34:27,764 --> 00:34:30,681
but the bananas feedings
were not without problems.

240
00:34:47,518 --> 00:34:52,092
As they lost their fear of
us, the chimps quickly proved
to be unconscionable thieves.

241
00:34:55,092 --> 00:34:59,764
They would steal blankets,
cloths from the kitchen,
shirts and pillows,

242
00:35:00,764 --> 00:35:03,509
and cardboard boxes-
wonderful things to chew on.

243
00:35:37,000 --> 00:35:40,472
No longer did the chimpanzees
arrive in small quiet parties.

244
00:35:42,472 --> 00:35:48,877
Instead, they invaded
our camp in huge groups and
aggressive competition between

245
00:35:48,878 --> 00:35:51,257
chimpanzees increased.

246
00:36:05,661 --> 00:36:09,369
Occasionally, we
had to seek shelter.

247
00:36:13,369 --> 00:36:15,182
And the aggression
became more serious.

248
00:36:26,182 --> 00:36:31,798
♪ ♪

249
00:36:42,798 --> 00:36:48,807
♪ ♪

250
00:36:51,807 --> 00:36:56,882
In order to stop the
aggression, we decided to
create the feeding station.

251
00:36:58,882 --> 00:37:03,099
With the hope that it would
control their aggressive
tendencies and bring peace.

252
00:37:17,099 --> 00:37:22,077
Now, using hand operated steel
boxes we could manage the
feeding in an organized way.

253
00:37:27,077 --> 00:37:32,992
As a result, we were able
to make closer observations
than ever before.

254
00:37:41,992 --> 00:37:48,932
♪ ♪

255
00:37:49,932 --> 00:37:53,206
Old Flo was easy to
identify, she had a bulbous
nose and ragged ears.

256
00:37:56,206 --> 00:37:59,010
Flo was the top ranked
female of her community
and could dominate all

257
00:38:00,010 --> 00:38:02,611
the other females.

258
00:38:02,612 --> 00:38:04,014
But none of the adult males.

259
00:38:05,014 --> 00:38:08,487
For in chimpanzee society
males are the dominant sex.

260
00:38:11,487 --> 00:38:14,960
One day she came to camp
with a pink swelling
on her backside.

261
00:38:16,960 --> 00:38:20,364
It was a sign that she
was ready for mating.

262
00:38:21,364 --> 00:38:25,478
Many of the males
quickly realized and
began their pursuit.

263
00:38:35,478 --> 00:38:39,521
She was followed by a
long line of suitors.

264
00:38:45,521 --> 00:38:49,558
It was from Flo
that I first learned that
in the wild female chimps do

265
00:38:49,559 --> 00:38:52,262
not just have one mate.

266
00:38:53,262 --> 00:38:55,000
She allowed them all
to mate with her.

267
00:38:57,000 --> 00:38:59,179
And Fifi hated it.

268
00:39:09,179 --> 00:39:14,894
♪ ♪

269
00:39:24,894 --> 00:39:27,196
It must
have been exciting to have
been joined by someone who

270
00:39:27,197 --> 00:39:29,198
shared your passions.

271
00:39:29,199 --> 00:39:31,034
-No, that's right.

272
00:39:32,034 --> 00:39:36,708
We both loved being out in
nature and we both loved
the work we were doing.

273
00:39:38,708 --> 00:39:42,289
We just got on very well.

274
00:39:52,289 --> 00:39:58,304
♪ ♪

275
00:40:08,304 --> 00:40:14,286
♪ ♪

276
00:40:23,286 --> 00:40:27,358
♪ ♪

277
00:40:28,358 --> 00:40:32,697
Hugo's time in Gombe
was almost over.

278
00:40:33,697 --> 00:40:37,369
I cared for him, and I
knew that I would miss him,

279
00:40:39,369 --> 00:40:43,372
but then after he had left I

280
00:40:43,373 --> 00:40:46,460
received a telegram.

281
00:41:03,460 --> 00:41:09,876
♪ ♪

282
00:41:19,876 --> 00:41:25,923
♪ ♪

283
00:41:33,923 --> 00:41:39,662
♪ ♪

284
00:41:39,663 --> 00:41:44,436
When you and
Hugo decided to get married,
what were your plans?

285
00:41:46,436 --> 00:41:50,538
You know honestly, we
didn't really make long term
plans, we really didn't.

286
00:41:50,539 --> 00:41:55,960
We just wanted to go back
to Gombe and make films.

287
00:42:09,960 --> 00:42:14,800
When we returned to Gombe,
there was wonderful news.

288
00:42:16,800 --> 00:42:20,371
Flo gave birth to a son.

289
00:42:21,371 --> 00:42:24,378
I called him Flint.

290
00:42:29,378 --> 00:42:35,584
When Flint was born it gave
Hugo and I the opportunity to
initiate a study that could

291
00:42:35,585 --> 00:42:39,888
last 50 years.

292
00:42:39,889 --> 00:42:44,892
And it was the first time
an infant chimpanzee and the
relationship between parent

293
00:42:44,893 --> 00:42:48,507
and child could be observed
so closely in the wild.

294
00:42:58,507 --> 00:43:04,583
♪ ♪

295
00:43:06,583 --> 00:43:11,623
As a mother Flo was
affectionate,
tolerant, and nurturing

296
00:43:13,623 --> 00:43:17,302
and used distraction
rather than punishment
to teach her small infant.

297
00:43:27,302 --> 00:43:32,110
♪ ♪

298
00:43:34,110 --> 00:43:37,782
Fifi soon became
utterly preoccupied
with her infant brother.

299
00:43:39,782 --> 00:43:41,984
She tried to handle him.

300
00:43:41,985 --> 00:43:45,460
But Flo very gently
prevented her.

301
00:43:50,460 --> 00:43:55,997
Eventually though as soon as
she was allowed she played
with him, groomed him,

302
00:43:55,998 --> 00:43:58,034
and carried him around.

303
00:43:59,034 --> 00:44:02,382
Indeed, she became a
real help to her mother.

304
00:44:12,382 --> 00:44:17,663
♪ ♪

305
00:44:26,663 --> 00:44:31,010
♪ ♪

306
00:44:42,010 --> 00:44:47,960
♪ ♪

307
00:44:57,960 --> 00:45:04,710
♪ ♪

308
00:45:13,710 --> 00:45:19,579
♪ ♪

309
00:45:49,579 --> 00:45:53,617
What was it
about Flo that you admired?

310
00:45:54,617 --> 00:45:58,422
- Well, she was all things
that a chimp mother should be.

311
00:45:59,422 --> 00:46:02,193
She was protective, but
not over protective.

312
00:46:03,193 --> 00:46:07,097
She was affectionate, she was
playful, but being supportive.

313
00:46:09,097 --> 00:46:13,535
That was the key and of course
that is what my mother was.

314
00:46:13,536 --> 00:46:18,009
She supported me.

315
00:46:20,009 --> 00:46:26,217
And there is no question that
those close contacts with
Flo and her family were very

316
00:46:27,217 --> 00:46:31,389
important to my own development.

317
00:46:33,389 --> 00:46:39,239
It was just so amazing to have
this sort of relationship.

318
00:46:49,239 --> 00:46:54,518
♪ ♪

319
00:47:03,518 --> 00:47:08,400
♪ ♪

320
00:47:18,400 --> 00:47:22,581
♪ ♪

321
00:47:31,581 --> 00:47:37,529
♪ ♪

322
00:47:46,529 --> 00:47:51,600
Together, the chimpanzees
and the birds and the insects,

323
00:47:51,601 --> 00:47:55,106
the teeming life
of the vibrant forest,
formed one whole.

324
00:47:57,106 --> 00:48:00,207
All part of the great mystery.

325
00:48:00,208 --> 00:48:03,951
And I was part of it too.

326
00:48:07,951 --> 00:48:13,123
All the time, I was
getting closer to animals
and nature and as a result,

327
00:48:15,123 --> 00:48:20,405
closer to myself and more
in tune with the spiritual
power that I felt all around.

328
00:48:30,405 --> 00:48:36,356
♪ ♪

329
00:48:46,356 --> 00:48:51,804
♪ ♪

330
00:49:02,804 --> 00:49:07,308
♪ ♪

331
00:49:07,309 --> 00:49:13,817
I thought, as I have so
often since, what an amazing
privilege it was to be utterly

332
00:49:14,817 --> 00:49:18,623
accepted thus by a
wild, free animal.

333
00:49:20,623 --> 00:49:24,331
-Truth is stranger than
fiction and fiction can be
transformed into prophecy.

334
00:49:28,331 --> 00:49:32,466
Here we have a perfect example
of that evolution, with this
lovely English lady called

335
00:49:32,467 --> 00:49:37,973
Jane and likewise traded her
comfortable home in England
for the primitive life of the

336
00:49:37,974 --> 00:49:40,710
African wilderness
among the African apes.

337
00:49:41,710 --> 00:49:43,988
And now I give myself
the rewarding pleasure
of presenting to you

338
00:49:44,012 --> 00:49:45,550
Miss Jane Goodall.

339
00:49:47,550 --> 00:49:50,510
David Graybeard is
a chimpanzee who has put
his complete trust in man.

340
00:49:51,154 --> 00:49:56,725
Surely it's up to us to see
that at least some of these
nearly human creatures survive

341
00:49:56,726 --> 00:49:58,005
in their natural habitat.

342
00:50:10,005 --> 00:50:12,540
- Jane Goodall tall,
blonde and beautiful.

343
00:50:12,541 --> 00:50:15,512
Jane Goodall living
with the chimpanzees in
the wilds of Africa...

344
00:50:16,512 --> 00:50:19,046
I was the
Geographic covergirl.

345
00:50:19,047 --> 00:50:21,850
And people said well my
fame was due to my legs.

346
00:50:21,851 --> 00:50:25,123
Well, I mean, it was so
stupid, it didn't bother me.

347
00:50:27,123 --> 00:50:31,027
It was really very useful
because by this time I was
needing to raise money myself,

348
00:50:32,027 --> 00:50:34,699
so I made use of it.

349
00:50:36,699 --> 00:50:40,201
Hugo and
I successfully applied
for additional funding,

350
00:50:40,202 --> 00:50:42,740
to build up a research
station in Gombe.

351
00:50:45,740 --> 00:50:50,880
And we accepted students so
that we could take advantage
of the increased opportunity

352
00:50:51,880 --> 00:50:54,550
for collecting data.

353
00:50:55,550 --> 00:50:58,085
Jane Goodall
came back from Africa just
a few weeks ago.

354
00:50:58,086 --> 00:51:00,646
Since then, she's been
traveling around Europe
and across America,

355
00:51:01,257 --> 00:51:03,225
telling zoologists.

356
00:51:03,226 --> 00:51:06,895
It is a very great
pleasure for Hugo and me
to be with you here tonight.

357
00:51:06,896 --> 00:51:08,296
-Dr. Goodall and her husband

358
00:51:08,297 --> 00:51:09,997
have been filming
and studying...

359
00:51:09,998 --> 00:51:14,903
-Hugo, a Dutchman, came
to Africa to film her studies
and they later married.

360
00:51:14,904 --> 00:51:18,806
-She and her Husband, Baron
Hugo van Lawick, are now the
leading experts in the study

361
00:51:18,807 --> 00:51:22,579
of chimpanzees, their research
station in Gombe in Tanzania.

362
00:51:23,579 --> 00:51:25,913
-I am absolutely
full of admiration for
somebody who can go and live

363
00:51:25,914 --> 00:51:28,616
alone in a jungle and do this
sort of work that you did.

364
00:51:28,617 --> 00:51:30,685
Were you ever really
very frightened?

365
00:51:30,686 --> 00:51:33,921
-Sometimes I was
frightened especially
of things like leopards,

366
00:51:33,922 --> 00:51:37,826
but it was the
kind of life I had always
dreamed of myself living.

367
00:51:37,827 --> 00:51:41,597
And it was so fascinating
that nothing could deter me.

368
00:51:42,597 --> 00:51:45,434
What about
the actual significance
of the studies?

369
00:51:46,434 --> 00:51:51,772
We feel quite strongly
that one of the goals
of continuing work is to

370
00:51:51,773 --> 00:51:56,447
increasingly relate our
understanding of chimpanzee
behavior to human behavior.

371
00:51:58,447 --> 00:52:01,327
How long are
you going to be associated
with the chimpanzees?

372
00:52:02,050 --> 00:52:05,352
Oh I should say it's
a rough guess until I die,
but I can't tell you how

373
00:52:05,353 --> 00:52:07,858
many years that will be.

374
00:52:09,858 --> 00:52:13,138
But I think one of the most
valuable things has been this
film record which has been

375
00:52:14,030 --> 00:52:18,668
kept and we are hoping
that Hugo will be able to
come back and carry on.

376
00:52:19,668 --> 00:52:22,671
Especially as the
last three months gave
such fantastic film,

377
00:52:22,672 --> 00:52:24,805
better than all the
rest put together.

378
00:52:24,806 --> 00:52:28,655
It seems to me vitally
important that somebody
should be there.

379
00:52:39,655 --> 00:52:42,695
-Unless there is something
else to discuss we
will adjourn the meeting.

380
00:52:45,695 --> 00:52:48,565
- Geographic ended the funding
for Hugo just like that.

381
00:52:50,565 --> 00:52:53,767
But it was
always an assignment and
assignments when you're a

382
00:52:53,768 --> 00:52:56,407
cameraman come to an end.

383
00:52:58,407 --> 00:53:02,713
It was very upsetting,
unfortunate and sad.

384
00:53:03,713 --> 00:53:06,513
And it was like,
well what do we do?
You know, how do we?

385
00:53:06,514 --> 00:53:09,018
Cause I wanted to go on
at Gombe and he couldn't.

386
00:53:10,018 --> 00:53:13,592
It was simple like that.

387
00:53:16,592 --> 00:53:20,802
So then I had to change
everything actually.

388
00:53:27,802 --> 00:53:33,378
We had to find other work to
do, which we did of course.

389
00:53:36,378 --> 00:53:38,322
On the Serengeti.

390
00:53:46,322 --> 00:53:51,225
We had students at Gombe
and we used to talk to them on
the radio telephone just about

391
00:53:51,226 --> 00:53:53,730
every day I think.

392
00:53:54,730 --> 00:53:59,943
So I would write books,
and Hugo would make films.

393
00:54:08,943 --> 00:54:15,619
♪ ♪

394
00:54:17,619 --> 00:54:21,257
Was it difficult
for you to not be at Gombe?

395
00:54:22,257 --> 00:54:26,995
Well, because I had a
jolly good team of students
at Gombe and I heard what

396
00:54:26,996 --> 00:54:31,771
was happening all the time,
it wasn't too bad at all.

397
00:54:36,771 --> 00:54:40,642
I had all this
finding out to do.

398
00:54:40,643 --> 00:54:46,381
So, I was getting on with
writing and I was able to
watch other animals and that

399
00:54:46,382 --> 00:54:49,119
gave me a wider perspective.

400
00:54:51,119 --> 00:54:55,568
I understood more
animals better than if
I hadn't left Gombe.

401
00:55:05,568 --> 00:55:11,648
♪ ♪

402
00:55:20,648 --> 00:55:24,819
♪ ♪

403
00:55:24,820 --> 00:55:30,558
From the moment when we stood
on the Serengeti plains, it
had been as though an unseen

404
00:55:30,559 --> 00:55:33,235
hand had drawn back a curtain.

405
00:55:39,235 --> 00:55:42,275
The mystery of evolution
was all around us.

406
00:55:47,275 --> 00:55:51,222
I was awed by the beauty.

407
00:56:01,222 --> 00:56:07,373
♪ ♪

408
00:56:17,373 --> 00:56:22,623
♪ ♪

409
00:56:34,623 --> 00:56:38,459
We didn't sit
down and talk about
shall we have children or

410
00:56:38,460 --> 00:56:40,727
anything like that.

411
00:56:40,728 --> 00:56:43,235
But Grub came along
so, that was that.

412
00:56:46,235 --> 00:56:49,937
It was just one of the things
that happened, you know.

413
00:56:49,938 --> 00:56:53,112
You got married and you got
pregnant, and you had a baby.

414
00:56:57,112 --> 00:57:02,616
I don't remember contemplating
what this would do
to me, what it would do to us,

415
00:57:02,617 --> 00:57:08,958
how it would be, but the
idea of having a baby after
Flo had a baby and I thought

416
00:57:09,958 --> 00:57:13,362
I would watch my baby and
see the difference.

417
00:57:14,362 --> 00:57:18,610
And of course, Grub would
be with us on the Serengeti.

418
00:57:27,610 --> 00:57:32,513
I had planned to do a
decent study and keep
notes and everything,

419
00:57:32,514 --> 00:57:36,286
watching for the development
stages in Grub, just as
I had done with the chimps.

420
00:57:38,286 --> 00:57:43,223
And catching it on film
seemed a jolly good idea,
but it doesn't work with

421
00:57:43,224 --> 00:57:46,660
your own child.

422
00:57:46,661 --> 00:57:49,861
I just found that I didn't
want to do it, I wanted just
to be there in the moment.

423
00:57:53,235 --> 00:57:58,640
For the first three years
of his life, I wasn't
away one single night.

424
00:57:58,641 --> 00:58:02,646
I was always there.

425
00:58:04,646 --> 00:58:09,186
Of course, like all mothers,
I wanted to give my son the
best possible start in life,

426
00:58:11,186 --> 00:58:14,090
and I had to choose between
various sources of advice.

427
00:58:16,090 --> 00:58:21,070
There was my own mother,
there was Dr. Spock,
and there was Flo.

428
00:58:29,070 --> 00:58:32,339
There is no doubt that
my observations of the
chimpanzees helped me to

429
00:58:32,340 --> 00:58:35,042
be a better mother.

430
00:58:35,043 --> 00:58:39,546
But I found also that the
experience of being myself
a mother helped me better

431
00:58:39,547 --> 00:58:43,853
understand chimpanzee
maternal behavior.

432
00:58:44,853 --> 00:58:48,522
It was not until
Grub came along, for example,
that I began to understand

433
00:58:48,523 --> 00:58:51,760
the basic powerful
instincts of mother love.

434
00:58:52,760 --> 00:58:56,599
How much more easily I could
now understand the feelings
of a chimpanzee mother who

435
00:58:57,599 --> 00:59:02,072
furiously waved her
arms and barked out threats
to any who approached her

436
00:59:03,072 --> 00:59:06,813
infant too closely.

437
00:59:10,813 --> 00:59:15,784
When Grub was little,
it was dangerous
for him at Gombe.

438
00:59:16,784 --> 00:59:20,224
Chimpanzees eat other primates.

439
00:59:22,224 --> 00:59:23,957
We are a primate.

440
00:59:23,958 --> 00:59:26,130
They have been known
to take infant humans.

441
00:59:28,130 --> 00:59:31,967
I wasn't going to risk
my little precious son.

442
00:59:32,967 --> 00:59:36,572
So when we went to
Gombe, it was a cage.

443
00:59:37,572 --> 00:59:41,779
It had been made at a time
when some of the chimps became
very aggressive towards Hugo.

444
00:59:43,779 --> 00:59:46,815
And so Grub sat in a cage.

445
00:59:47,815 --> 00:59:51,055
But it was painted blue and
there were mobiles hanging
down and it was very lovely.

446
00:59:56,958 --> 01:00:02,118
I had thought that I could
raise a child and carry on
with my work at the same time.

447
01:00:03,297 --> 01:00:05,300
It was not so.

448
01:00:06,300 --> 01:00:10,043
I stopped following the
chimps; the students and
field staff did that.

449
01:00:14,043 --> 01:00:17,182
I merely administered
the research station.

450
01:00:21,182 --> 01:00:25,889
Eventually, we spent the
bulk of our time working
on the Serengeti.

451
01:00:26,889 --> 01:00:33,798
I was Hugo's assistant
and I was mother to Grub.

452
01:00:36,798 --> 01:00:39,634
From Nairobi,
in a small bush plane
it's a two hour flight to

453
01:00:39,635 --> 01:00:41,535
en Dudu Tanzania.

454
01:00:41,536 --> 01:00:44,404
Our purpose was to meet Grub,
the three and a half year old

455
01:00:44,405 --> 01:00:46,908
son of Doctor Jane Goodall
and Hugo van Lawick.

456
01:00:46,909 --> 01:00:51,313
Born and raised in Africa,
who speaks to animals,
English to his parents,

457
01:00:52,313 --> 01:00:56,485
and perfect Swahili
to his only playmate,
a 40-year-old African.

458
01:00:57,485 --> 01:00:59,725
This child has spent
three quarters of
his life in Africa,

459
01:01:00,188 --> 01:01:01,756
and I don't mean in
a Nairobian cities.

460
01:01:01,757 --> 01:01:03,890
I mean in really remote areas.

461
01:01:03,891 --> 01:01:06,993
You'll make a sound for me?

462
01:01:06,994 --> 01:01:09,196
-What does a zebra say, Grub?

463
01:01:10,599 --> 01:01:11,679
A bit louder. That's right.

464
01:01:12,000 --> 01:01:13,734
And what about a hyena?

465
01:01:15,436 --> 01:01:16,504
That's a beauty.

466
01:01:16,505 --> 01:01:17,538
Now lion?

467
01:01:19,173 --> 01:01:21,509
Tell me
some stories about raising
the child here, Hugo.

468
01:01:21,510 --> 01:01:25,178
-Well, one of the first things
we had to do when he was tiny
was teach him of the dangers in

469
01:01:25,179 --> 01:01:29,783
the bush, so we showed them
to him and say, "Ow, ow," and
teach him that he was to stay

470
01:01:29,784 --> 01:01:31,518
away from these animals.

471
01:01:31,519 --> 01:01:34,355
Did you
learn anything from watching
chimps and raising children?

472
01:01:34,356 --> 01:01:36,556
I'm told that a chimp baby
is just given so much love.

473
01:01:36,557 --> 01:01:39,359
Is that a good, do you
think you could transfer
that to our lives?

474
01:01:39,360 --> 01:01:41,395
Does it have a meaning?

475
01:01:41,396 --> 01:01:44,531
-With Grub, we gave him
immense amounts of love and
security, and everyone said,

476
01:01:44,532 --> 01:01:46,366
"Oh, he'll be so
dependent on you.

477
01:01:46,367 --> 01:01:48,201
He'll never make his
own way in the world."

478
01:01:48,202 --> 01:01:50,705
It seems to myself,
the opposite.

479
01:01:50,706 --> 01:01:52,973
When
he reaches six, Grublin
will have to be taken to

480
01:01:52,974 --> 01:01:54,609
England for schooling.

481
01:01:54,610 --> 01:01:57,779
I hope, in the process
of being educated,
he never forgets what he

482
01:01:57,780 --> 01:01:59,557
has already learned.

483
01:02:09,557 --> 01:02:15,740
♪ ♪

484
01:02:25,740 --> 01:02:29,253
♪ ♪

485
01:02:38,253 --> 01:02:42,256
♪ ♪

486
01:02:42,257 --> 01:02:45,862
Hello, hello, hello.
Anynews with you? Any news
with you? Over.

487
01:02:47,862 --> 01:02:50,931
<i>- I just talked to and I think they are coming.
-  Over.</i>

488
01:02:50,932 --> 01:02:55,770
Ok, ok,
have received you.

489
01:02:55,771 --> 01:02:58,605
I'll be joining you soon.

490
01:02:58,606 --> 01:03:00,512
Over and out, over and out.

491
01:03:35,677 --> 01:03:41,820
♪ ♪

492
01:03:44,820 --> 01:03:47,821
It was a horrible time,
one after the other.

493
01:03:47,822 --> 01:03:50,764
Chimpanzees came
in, dragging limbs.

494
01:03:56,764 --> 01:03:59,836
Some of them were okay.

495
01:04:01,836 --> 01:04:06,179
But McGregor, both legs gone.

496
01:04:11,179 --> 01:04:15,192
Unable to use even one arm.

497
01:04:24,192 --> 01:04:29,802
♪ ♪

498
01:04:34,802 --> 01:04:37,547
It was awful.

499
01:04:45,547 --> 01:04:49,716
We immediately found that we
could vaccinate the chimps.

500
01:04:49,717 --> 01:04:54,898
It was a bit late, but
maybe it would have
gone on if we hadn't.

501
01:05:03,898 --> 01:05:10,677
But, McGregor, he
had to be shot.

502
01:05:16,677 --> 01:05:19,680
Did someone say,
"Let nature take its course?"

503
01:05:19,681 --> 01:05:21,281
-Sorry.

504
01:05:21,282 --> 01:05:23,652
I didn't care what anybody said.

505
01:05:24,652 --> 01:05:28,122
I was going to help
the chimps if I could.

506
01:05:28,123 --> 01:05:32,859
I couldn't watch an animal
suffering anymore than I
could watch a human suffering

507
01:05:32,860 --> 01:05:34,627
and not help if I could.

508
01:05:34,628 --> 01:05:37,768
I see no difference
between helping a human
and helping an animal.

509
01:05:40,768 --> 01:05:43,971
I mean, yes we could
have gone on and fed him
everyday and kept him alive

510
01:05:43,972 --> 01:05:46,874
for what reason?

511
01:05:46,875 --> 01:05:50,018
To be honest, if that
happens to me, I do not wish
to be kept alive either.

512
01:05:56,018 --> 01:05:59,621
Were you
ever concerned that you
might've carried it in?

513
01:06:00,621 --> 01:06:02,156
-No.

514
01:06:02,157 --> 01:06:05,527
The first examples of polio
were not from our chimps.

515
01:06:06,527 --> 01:06:10,666
They were way to the
south, and that's where
the human polio was.

516
01:06:11,666 --> 01:06:14,834
So I didn't feel responsible
for introducing it.

517
01:06:14,835 --> 01:06:19,541
Although, for sure, it
could pass on more because
they were coming together.

518
01:06:20,541 --> 01:06:25,019
But it didn't start
with us which was very
reassuring, actually.

519
01:06:32,019 --> 01:06:38,534
After the incident, it
was no longer permitted
to touch the chimpanzees.

520
01:06:45,534 --> 01:06:50,547
Gombe would never
be quite the same.

521
01:06:59,547 --> 01:07:04,353
♪ ♪

522
01:07:05,353 --> 01:07:09,256
I wanted nothing more than
to be with the chimpanzees,
and I made the decision

523
01:07:09,257 --> 01:07:12,695
to spend more time in Gombe.

524
01:07:13,695 --> 01:07:16,796
Grub stayed with me.

525
01:07:16,797 --> 01:07:20,235
So in the morning, I
would do analysis of
data, administration,

526
01:07:21,235 --> 01:07:23,803
that sort of thing.

527
01:07:23,804 --> 01:07:28,110
Then I would spend about one
to two hours up in a chimp
camp with the students and

528
01:07:29,110 --> 01:07:33,546
looking at the chimps.

529
01:07:33,547 --> 01:07:36,956
And then every afternoon
was his, totally.

530
01:07:40,956 --> 01:07:43,290
And he
loved chimpanzees?

531
01:07:43,291 --> 01:07:46,161
- No, he did not.
He hated them.

532
01:07:47,161 --> 01:07:50,969
He's never loved chimpanzees.

533
01:07:57,172 --> 01:08:02,576
I tried to homeschool him.

534
01:08:04,945 --> 01:08:08,851
I felt a bit isolated
at that time.

535
01:08:09,851 --> 01:08:13,087
But there were always one
or two students who would
come along and provide

536
01:08:13,088 --> 01:08:18,194
that sort of, you know,
emotional support that I think
sometimes is very important.

537
01:08:20,194 --> 01:08:25,770
And of course Hugo was away
somewhere else filming so he
wasn't there to, to help.

538
01:08:28,770 --> 01:08:32,641
I mean that was
the deal, that was his work.

539
01:09:07,641 --> 01:09:13,091
♪ ♪

540
01:09:23,091 --> 01:09:28,073
♪ ♪

541
01:09:38,073 --> 01:09:43,921
♪ ♪

542
01:09:52,921 --> 01:09:58,430
♪ ♪

543
01:10:03,430 --> 01:10:06,604
Flint was now an adolescent.

544
01:10:10,604 --> 01:10:14,216
And old Flo, she was
now a grandmother.

545
01:10:22,216 --> 01:10:25,887
Fifi had an infant of her own.

546
01:10:26,887 --> 01:10:31,600
A new generation of
Flo's family to study.

547
01:10:38,600 --> 01:10:42,903
But even though he was at
an age, when most males begin
to spend time away from their

548
01:10:42,904 --> 01:10:47,414
mothers, Flint was
still dependent on Flo.

549
01:10:53,414 --> 01:10:57,917
By this time she must've
been close to 50 years old.

550
01:10:57,918 --> 01:11:00,990
But Flint insisted
on riding her back.

551
01:11:02,990 --> 01:11:06,628
Flint was still suckling.

552
01:11:07,628 --> 01:11:12,433
Flo would push him away, and
he cried, and he screamed,
and he got very, very clingy

553
01:11:12,434 --> 01:11:14,275
and very, very dependent.

554
01:11:21,275 --> 01:11:24,457
She was too old to push
him to independence.

555
01:11:35,457 --> 01:11:41,394
You more than
anyone knew the importance
of socialization,

556
01:11:41,395 --> 01:11:44,332
were you concerned about Grub?

557
01:11:45,332 --> 01:11:50,506
-Well, Grub was school
age, and I couldn't go on
homeschooling him anymore.

558
01:11:52,506 --> 01:11:56,654
So, it was decided that
he would start school in
England and live with Mom.

559
01:12:07,654 --> 01:12:12,559
And I quite well remember
when I had to leave him.

560
01:12:12,560 --> 01:12:15,533
And how awful and
betraying I felt.

561
01:12:18,533 --> 01:12:22,208
But, it was better for Grub.

562
01:12:28,208 --> 01:12:31,579
In Christmas and Spring,
I went to the UK.

563
01:12:32,579 --> 01:12:36,189
In the summer,
he came out to Tanzania.

564
01:12:41,189 --> 01:12:45,528
Back at Gombe
now, Dr. Goodall, what kind
of enterprise is it today?

565
01:12:46,528 --> 01:12:49,198
- Well today, it's the Gombe
Stream Research Center.

566
01:12:51,198 --> 01:12:56,068
There are anything between
six and twelve scientists
working on different aspects

567
01:12:56,069 --> 01:12:58,572
of chimp or baboon behavior.

568
01:12:58,573 --> 01:13:02,809
And there are also students
studying for their PhD degrees
or doing postdoctoral work on

569
01:13:02,810 --> 01:13:06,580
specific aspects
of chimp behavior, which
is you know, quite a big

570
01:13:06,581 --> 01:13:09,893
little scientific community.

571
01:13:18,893 --> 01:13:23,740
♪ ♪

572
01:13:33,740 --> 01:13:39,423
♪ ♪

573
01:13:49,423 --> 01:13:55,341
♪ ♪

574
01:14:07,341 --> 01:14:11,518
Flo died as she crossed
the clear, fast-flowing
Kokombe stream.

575
01:14:16,518 --> 01:14:19,051
She looked so peaceful.

576
01:14:19,052 --> 01:14:22,127
It was as if her heart had
suddenly just stopped beating.

577
01:14:27,127 --> 01:14:31,140
Flint sat on the bank of
the stream near Flo's body.

578
01:14:39,140 --> 01:14:44,146
From time to time he
approached her as though
begging her to groom him,

579
01:14:46,146 --> 01:14:49,029
to comfort him as
she had always done
throughout his life.

580
01:15:02,029 --> 01:15:08,172
♪ ♪

581
01:15:12,172 --> 01:15:15,579
Finally, Flint moved away.

582
01:15:18,579 --> 01:15:20,015
His depression worsened.

583
01:15:21,015 --> 01:15:22,582
He stopped eating.

584
01:15:22,583 --> 01:15:26,087
He stayed mostly alone.

585
01:15:27,087 --> 01:15:30,930
And in this state of
grief, he fell sick.

586
01:15:36,930 --> 01:15:41,974
It was as though without
his mother, he no longer
had the will to live.

587
01:15:45,974 --> 01:15:51,555
And about three weeks after
Flo died, Flint died too.

588
01:16:00,555 --> 01:16:05,569
♪ ♪

589
01:16:15,569 --> 01:16:20,261
♪ ♪

590
01:16:40,261 --> 01:16:46,433
After the death of Flo,
the chimpanzee community,
whose members I had come to

591
01:16:46,434 --> 01:16:49,206
know so well, began to divide.

592
01:16:52,206 --> 01:16:56,309
As chimps of one group
started to spend more time
in the southern part of

593
01:16:56,310 --> 01:17:00,717
the range over which the
whole community roamed.

594
01:17:03,717 --> 01:17:08,621
By separating themselves,
it was as though they had
forfeited their right to be

595
01:17:08,622 --> 01:17:12,828
treated as community members.

596
01:17:13,828 --> 01:17:17,225
Instead, they were
treated as strangers.

597
01:18:04,177 --> 01:18:09,622
Our idyllic world,
our little paradise, had
been turned upside down.

598
01:18:14,622 --> 01:18:19,626
The once peaceful seeming
chimpanzees were heavily
engaged in what amounted to a

599
01:18:19,627 --> 01:18:22,198
sort of primitive warfare.

600
01:18:24,198 --> 01:18:28,045
The entire community that
moved south was annihilated.

601
01:18:38,045 --> 01:18:42,215
♪ ♪

602
01:18:42,216 --> 01:18:44,251
It must have
been a very dark time for you.

603
01:18:44,252 --> 01:18:47,724
It was a very,
very dark time, it was.

604
01:18:49,724 --> 01:18:52,893
I thought they were like
us, but nicer than us.

605
01:18:52,894 --> 01:18:57,432
I had no idea of the
brutality that they can show.

606
01:18:59,432 --> 01:19:02,313
Took me awhile to come
to terms with that.

607
01:19:12,313 --> 01:19:17,654
♪ ♪

608
01:19:19,654 --> 01:19:24,859
War had always seemed to me
to be a purely human behavior.

609
01:19:25,859 --> 01:19:30,599
I had come to accept that the
dark and evil side of human
nature was deeply embedded in

610
01:19:31,599 --> 01:19:36,646
our genes, inherited from our
ancient primate ancestors.

611
01:19:46,646 --> 01:19:51,188
♪ ♪

612
01:19:54,188 --> 01:19:58,394
You and Hugo
had been in different places.

613
01:20:00,394 --> 01:20:03,832
Did you feel yourselves
drifting apart?

614
01:20:04,832 --> 01:20:09,136
-Well, you do drift apart
when you're in two different
places and you have

615
01:20:10,136 --> 01:20:13,574
different goals in a way.

616
01:20:14,574 --> 01:20:19,381
Hugo wasn't anymore
content with just
being at Gombe for me,

617
01:20:20,381 --> 01:20:24,661
he needed to be in
the Serengeti for him.

618
01:20:33,661 --> 01:20:38,442
♪ ♪

619
01:20:48,442 --> 01:20:54,082
♪ ♪

620
01:20:55,082 --> 01:20:59,251
Were you
struggling to try and keep
the marriage together?

621
01:20:59,252 --> 01:21:04,193
-Well for Grub's sake, but
we'd begun bickering by then,
and so you have to weigh up,

622
01:21:06,193 --> 01:21:10,801
you know, is it better to stay
together or to subject your
child to constant bickering's.

623
01:21:13,801 --> 01:21:18,375
He wanted me to leave
Gombe, because there was no
way he could stay and work,

624
01:21:21,375 --> 01:21:23,809
but I couldn't.

625
01:21:23,810 --> 01:21:27,161
It was my life, and he had his.

626
01:21:40,161 --> 01:21:44,067
During the trying time of my
divorce, it was all very sad.

627
01:21:46,067 --> 01:21:49,404
Especially for Grub, for
he of course loved us both.

628
01:21:51,404 --> 01:21:55,680
But I realized that my
experience in the forest
had given me perspective.

629
01:21:59,680 --> 01:22:05,188
In the forest, death
is not hidden; it's all
around you, all the time.

630
01:22:07,188 --> 01:22:10,792
A part of the endless
cycle of life.

631
01:22:11,792 --> 01:22:16,100
Chimpanzees are born,
they grow older, they
get sick, and they die.

632
01:22:19,100 --> 01:22:23,940
And always there are the
young ones that carry on
the life of the species.

633
01:22:26,940 --> 01:22:31,512
Louis Leakey sent me to Gombe
with the hope that a better
understanding of chimpanzee

634
01:22:32,512 --> 01:22:36,952
behavior might provide us
with a window on our past.

635
01:22:37,952 --> 01:22:41,955
Our study of the chimpanzees
had helped to pinpoint not
only the similarities between

636
01:22:41,956 --> 01:22:46,128
them and us, but also
those ways in which
we are most different.

637
01:22:48,128 --> 01:22:53,467
Admittedly, we're not the only
beings with personalities,
reasoning powers, altruism,

638
01:22:54,467 --> 01:23:00,143
and emotions, nor are we the
only beings capable of mental
as well as physical suffering.

639
01:23:02,143 --> 01:23:06,712
But our intellect has grown
mightily in complexity since
the first true men branched

640
01:23:06,713 --> 01:23:11,885
off from the ape men's stalk
some two million years ago.

641
01:23:11,886 --> 01:23:16,059
And we, and only we, have
developed a sophisticated
spoken language.

642
01:23:18,059 --> 01:23:22,528
For the first time in
evolution, a species evolved
that was able to teach its

643
01:23:22,529 --> 01:23:27,399
young about objects
and events not present,
to pass on wisdom gleaned

644
01:23:27,400 --> 01:23:31,907
from the successes and
the mistakes of the past.

645
01:23:32,907 --> 01:23:38,243
With language we can ask
as can no other living being,
those questions about who we

646
01:23:38,244 --> 01:23:41,246
are and why we are here.

647
01:23:41,247 --> 01:23:46,086
And this highly developed
intellect means surely, that
we have a responsibility

648
01:23:46,087 --> 01:23:50,590
towards the other life forms
of our planet, whose continued
existence is threatened by the

649
01:23:50,591 --> 01:23:54,770
thoughtless behavior of
our own human species.

650
01:24:03,770 --> 01:24:09,880
♪ ♪

651
01:24:12,880 --> 01:24:15,447
My life, the time, was perfect.

652
01:24:15,448 --> 01:24:18,054
I was spending
time in the field,
I was writing a book,

653
01:24:20,054 --> 01:24:24,095
I had students so the
research was secure and
I could be with my son.

654
01:24:28,095 --> 01:24:30,095
Who's my life for
the rest of my life?

655
01:24:30,096 --> 01:24:33,604
It was better than
anything I dreamed of.

656
01:24:36,604 --> 01:24:40,076
But I knew that
the chimpanzees across
Africa were disappearing.

657
01:24:42,076 --> 01:24:46,948
So that's when I realized that
I had to raise awareness about
the plight of chimps in Africa

658
01:24:48,948 --> 01:24:53,920
and the role that I must
play is to make sure that
the next generation are

659
01:24:53,921 --> 01:24:57,426
better stewards than we've been.

660
01:24:59,426 --> 01:25:04,167
And I needed to take that
message to the world.

661
01:25:06,167 --> 01:25:11,805
And since that time, which
was October 1986, I haven't
been more than three weeks

662
01:25:12,805 --> 01:25:16,948
consecutively in any one place.

663
01:25:38,865 --> 01:25:44,585
♪ ♪

664
01:25:57,585 --> 01:26:02,899
♪ ♪

665
01:26:11,899 --> 01:26:17,680
♪ ♪

666
01:26:26,680 --> 01:26:29,725
♪ ♪

667
01:26:38,725 --> 01:26:42,198
When I look back over my
life, it seems I've been
extraordinarily lucky.

668
01:26:45,198 --> 01:26:49,407
Although as my mother
Vanne always says, luck
was only part of the story.

669
01:26:53,407 --> 01:26:58,279
She's always believed
that success comes through
determination and hard work

670
01:26:59,279 --> 01:27:03,086
and that the fault is not
in our stars, but in ourselves
that we are underlings.

671
01:27:06,086 --> 01:27:09,090
I certainly believe that's true.

672
01:27:10,090 --> 01:27:15,161
Yet though I had worked hard
all my life, I must admit
that the stars seemed to have

673
01:27:15,162 --> 01:27:19,493
played their part too.