PV913StaticStackTemplate

#include <iostream>

template <typename ElemT, int sizeP>
class Stack
{
    ElemT storage[sizeP];
    int topPosition;
    static const int emptyStack{ -1 };
public:
    Stack() : topPosition{ emptyStack } {};
    int size() const { return sizeP; };
    bool empty() const { return topPosition == emptyStack; };
    bool full() const { return topPosition == sizeP - 1; };
    const ElemT& top() const { return storage[topPosition]; };
    bool topS(ElemT& val)
    {
        if (!empty())
        {
            val = storage[topPosition];
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    };
    bool push(const ElemT& elem)
    {
        if (!full())
        {
            storage[++topPosition] = elem;
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    bool pop()
    {
        if (!empty())
        {
            --topPosition;
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    template <typename ElementType, int size>
    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const Stack<ElementType, size>& stack);
};

template <typename ElementType, int size>
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const Stack<ElementType, size>& stack)
{
    if (!stack.empty())
    {
        out << stack.top() << '\n';
    }
    else
    {
        out << "[empty]\n";
    }
    return out;
};


int main()
{
    Stack<int, 5> stack;
    Stack<char, 8> stackCh;
    std::cout << stack << stackCh;

    std::cout << "Pushing in...\n";
    for (int cnt{ 0 }; !stack.full(); stack.push(cnt++))
    {
        std::cout << cnt << '\n';
    }
    stack.push(100);
    std::cout << stack;

    std::cout << "Popping out...\n";
    while (!stack.empty())
    {
        std::cout << stack;
        stack.pop();
    }
    stack.pop();
    std::cout << stack;

    std::cout << "Pushing in...\n";
    for (int cnt{ 0 }; !stack.full(); stack.push(cnt++))
    {
        std::cout << cnt << '\n';
    }

    std::cout << "Popping out...\n";
    while (!stack.empty())
    {
        auto& elem{ stack.top() };

        std::cout << elem << ' ';
        stack.pop();
    }
}