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- Greg Malivuk
- http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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- Homework: find five active sentences in the Wikipedia article you looked at today and rewrite them as passive sentences
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- p. 50 exercise 3
- 1 are spoken
- 2 have been mined
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- Aspect:
- perfect = [have] + past participle
- progressive = [be] + verb(ing)
- Voice:
- passive = [be] + past participle
- They are building a new bridge on Main St.
- -> A new bridge is being built on Main St.
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- When should we include the agent? (when it is new, important, or surprising information)
- p. 53 exercise 8 - if the agent is not necessary, remove it from the sentences
- 1 Necessary - It’s surprising that we don’t know anything about the civilization.
- 2 The lesson was assigned for next week.
- 3 This picture was painted when Picasso was 12 years old. (We can guess from context that Picasso painted it. Or: “This picture was painted by Picasso when he was 12 years old.”)
- 4 both “by someone”s can be removed
- 5 Necessary - That is important information (who is supporting them?).
- 6 Necessary - It’s surprising and important information.
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- We often use “get” instead of “be” for passives:
- I will be paid next Friday. = I will get paid next Friday.
- They will be married next Thursday. = On Thursday, they will already be married.
- They will get married next Thursday. = The wedding is Thursday.
- The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci.
- = It didn’t exist, and then it was painted.
- My apartment got painted last week.
- = It already existed, but it received new paint last week.
- (“Get” always has this meaning--the object existed before the action happened.)
- OKAY: My car got stolen. (My car existed before it was stolen.)
- WRONG: My car got built. (My car didn’t exist before it was built.)
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- p. 54 - Explanation of when we can use “get”.
- “Get” is a normal verb, so we need do/does/did for questions and negatives (in simple present and past).
- When are you paid? I am paid every other Friday.
- When do you get paid? I get paid every other Friday.
- She wasn’t paid last week.
- She didn’t get paid last week.
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- p. 55 exercise 9 - decide if it’s okay to use “get” in these sentences
- 1 were (inanimate object, and being discovered isn’t something the lines received, and it didn’t change them)
- 2 was/got
- 3 being
- 4 gets (“If your leg is broken” would mean if it’s already broken now, but this sentence is about a change that might happen in the future.)
- 5 get
- 6 be/get
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