#include <iostream>

class Animal {
public:
    Animal(const char * name) : name(name) {};
private:
    const char * name;
};

class Dog : public Animal {
public:
    Dog(const char * name) : Animal(name) {};

    void Pet() { // here the function is called on the dog abstraction
        Petted(); // dynamically dispatched to the run-time type.
    }
protected:
    virtual void Petted() {
        std::cout << "You petted a random Dog!" << std::endl;
    }
private:
};

class Snoopy : public Dog {
    bool is_tired;
public:
    Snoopy() : Dog("Snoopy") {};

protected:
    virtual void Petted() {
        if (is_tired) {
            std::cout << "You petted Snoopy but he is tired" << std::endl;
        } else {
            std::cout << "You petted Snoopy!" << std::endl;
            std::cout << "Snoopy: Bark Bark!";
        }
    }
};

void pet_a_dog(Dog* dog) { // here we can reference Dog*
    dog->Pet(); // pet a Dog* but resolved to Snoopy.
}

int main() {
    Dog* snoopy = new Snoopy();

    pet_a_dog(snoopy);

    delete snoopy;

    return 0;
}