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- Sources Cited:
- (By order the source was represented in.)
- 1. Washington Post, Rand Paul questions Rachel Levine on gender-affirming care for minors
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Krf0Cm-FKro&ab_channel=WashingtonPost
- 2. Kumar, Pratap, and Alok Sharma. “Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs: Understanding advantages and limitations.” Journal of human reproductive sciences vol. 7,3 (2014): 170-4. doi:10.4103/0974-1208.142476
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4229791/#sec1-1title
- (This article aided in explaining the functions of GnRH-agonists in the brain.)
- 3. LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012-. “Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Analogues.” [Updated 2018 Mar 20]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547863/ (This article aided in providing insight towards the functionalities of GnRH analogues, and the potential short-term and long-term side effects of GnRH-agonists. This article also recognizes GnRH-agonists are considered off-label for gender dysphoria, CPP, and fertility.)
- 4. Editor(s): Shlomo Melmed, Kenneth S. Polonsky, P. Reed Larsen, Henry M. Kronenberg,
- Williams Textbook of Endocrinology (Thirteenth Edition),
- Elsevier, 2016, Pages 1855-1916, ISBN 9780323297387,
- https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-29738-7.00044-7. - (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323297387000241), (https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/gnrh-agonists) (This chapter aided in providing insight towards the usages of GnRH-agonists in treating ISS, and the side effects that were observed from youth undergoing puberty blockers.)
- 5. Lee PA, Houk CP. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog therapy for central precocious puberty and other childhood disorders affecting growth and puberty. Treat Endocrinol. 2006;5(5):287-96. doi: 10.2165/00024677-200605050-00003. PMID: 17002488. (This study aided in providing insight towards the usages of GnRH-agonists in treating CPP, mentions the lack of benefits GnRH analogues present when intended to treat individuals with these conditions.)
- 6. Boepple PA, Mansfield MJ, Wierman ME, Rudlin CR, Bode HH, Crigler JF Jr, Crawford JD, Crowley WF Jr. Use of a potent, long acting agonist of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in the treatment of precocious puberty. Endocr Rev. 1986 Feb;7(1):24-33. doi: 10.1210/edrv-7-1-24. PMID: 2937629.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2937629/
- (This study delves into the effectiveness of GnRH-agonists on predicted outcome of final height for patients contending with CPP, and other related conditions that indicate puberty blocker treatment.)
- 7. R.C.L. Page, 43 - Miscellaneous hormones,
- Editor(s): J.K. Aronson,
- Side Effects of Drugs Annual,
- Elsevier, Volume 32, 2010, Pages 789-802, ISSN 0378-6080, ISBN 9780444535504,
- https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-6080(10)32043-5.
- (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378608010320435) (This chapter aided in providing insight towards the bone health of both children and adults who undergo long-term usage of GnRH-agonists.)
- 8. Vasileios Chortis, Kristien Boelaert,
- Chapter 42 - Miscellaneous Hormones, Editor(s): Sidhartha D. Ray,
- Side Effects of Drugs Annual,
- Elsevier, Volume 37, 2015, Pages 539-558, ISSN 0378-6080, ISBN 9780444635259,
- https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.seda.2015.07.004.
- (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378608015000288), (https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/veterinary-science-and-veterinary-medicine/gnrh-agonists) (This chapter aided in providing insight towards the usages of GnRH-agonists in treating CPP, and the side effects that were observed from youth undergoing puberty blockers.)
- 9. Cappa M, Cianfarani S, Ghizzoni L, Loche S, Maghnie M (eds): Advanced Therapies in Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology. Endocr Dev. Basel, Karger, 2016, vol 30, pp 54-59. doi: 10.1159/000439330
- https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/439330# (This article aided in providing insight towards the commonalities of fractures during exportation of Histrelin implants.)
- 10. Davis JS, Alkhoury F, Burnweit C. Surgical and anesthetic considerations in histrelin capsule implantation for the treatment of precocious puberty. J Pediatr Surg. 2014 May;49(5):807-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2014.02.067. Epub 2014 Feb 22. PMID: 24851775.
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24851775/
- (This study addressed the surgical and anesthetic considerations for Histrelin implantation, and difficulties with routinely extracting the implant, among other associated complications.)
- 11. Eugster EA. Experience with the Histrelin Implant in Pediatric Patients. Endocr Dev. 2016;30:54-9. doi: 10.1159/000439330. Epub 2015 Dec 10. PMID: 26683629. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26683629/ (This study addressed the surgical and anesthetic considerations for Histrelin implantation, and difficulties with routinely extracting the implant, among other associated complications.)
- 12. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. (2021, September 14). Pubertal blockers for transgender and gender-diverse youth. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved January 25, 2022, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gender-dysphoria/in-depth/pubertal-blockers/art-20459075
- (This article and website was helpful in providing side effects of GnRH-agonists, and clinical efficacies around administering GnRH-agonists for transitioning youth.)
- 13. Cunha, J. P. DO, FACOEP (2020, October 29). What is endometriosis? symptoms, causes, treatment. RxList. Retrieved January 25, 2022, from https://www.rxlist.com/endometriosis_slideshow_pictures/article.htm (This article and website was helpful in providing side effects of GnRH-agonists, specifically Lupron.)
- 14. Novara G, Galfano A, Secco S, Ficarra V, Artibani W: Impact of Surgical and Medical Castration on Serum Testosterone Level in Prostate Cancer Patients. Urol Int 2009;82:249-255. doi: 10.1159/000209352
- https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/209352# (This study provided insight towards the usages and potential adversities GnRH-agonists are attributed for in treatment of prostatic cancer, this study is notable for reporting on the statistics of observed infertility of male patients who underwent treatment.)
- 15. 2019. GnRH analogue injections. [ebook] Manchester, UK: NHS Manchester University, NHS Foundation Trust in accordance with St. Mary's Hospital Gynecological Sevices, pp.Pages 1-4. Available at:
- https://mft.nhs.uk/app/uploads/sites/4/2019/11/19-71-GnRH-analogue-injections-Nov-19.pdf
- (This article provided insight towards the usages and potential adversities GnRH-agonists are attributed for in treatment of female reproductive issues, this medical article is notable for reporting on the side effects GnRH-agonists have on the female reproductive system.)
- (My apologies for the variance in citation format, citations were copied directly from the providing source.)
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