Presentation on French Islam, translated

*** SLIDE 1

French Islam: knowing it, organizing it

Presentation of recommendations to
Steering Committee of the Institut Montaigne

Paris, July 2016


*** SLIDE 2

A report: "French Islam: knowing it, organizing it"

Ignorance of Islam and French Muslims

- The lack of public data
- Lack of aggregated and robust data
- The absence of a general vision
• Muslim immigration into la France
• Press coverage Devoted to Islam

Portrait and sociology of a population that can not be found
- Socio-demographic characteristics of Muslims in France
- Their relationship to religion
- What is Islam?
- Their relationship to France, between attachment and defiance

French Islam: A Composite Offer

- Consular Islam
- State Islam
- Fraternal Islam
- Local Islam
- Salafist Islam
- Islam on the web
• The ELCO program
• Muslim denominational schools in France
• Austrian Islam
• Islamic offer on video media

The demand of Islam

- Organization of the cult: appointment and training of imams
- Funding for worship
- Representative bodies and personalities
- The teaching of classical Arabic
• Islam in companies: what reality?
• The teaching of Islamic theology in France and the formation of imams


Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 2


*** SLIDE 3

A new speech policy

• Autonomy
• Responsibility
• Financing
• Professionalism
• Silent Majority

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 3


*** SLIDE 4

A new political contract between the Republic and the Muslims

A speech: the Muslims are French, the Islam of France is not. We need a new
Contract to finally build French Islam. By mobilizing the silent majority.

The Republic is committed to ... Muslims pledge to ...

Breaking away from paternalism
Of French Muslims

Provide them with access to financial autonomy

Empowering Muslims
quiet "

Giving access to culture by developing the teaching of classical Arabic

Contract

Doing theological, historical and religious work to anchor Islam in the Republican context

Choose lay people for the Foundation in charge of the organization and financing of French Islam

Centralize financial flows related to
The practice of religion

Interviewing his foreign policy with his inner discourse on Salafism

Effectively combat
Rigorous speeches

It is a political discourse that must give rise to a range of public policies

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 4


*** SLIDE 5

The centrality of FOIF in the new management of French Islam

THE STATE

Exclusive interlocutor

The FOIF

The CFCM is
fOIF
Muslims
"New generations"

Brings its representatives to the FOIF board.
They must be a minority within

CRCMs

Grand Imam of France elected by the FOIF board and its regional representatives

Appointed by the State for
first time

Representations of the
FOIF at the regional level

People who define themselves as Muslim

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 5


*** SLIDE 6

Financing worship by taxing Islamic consumption

Conduct a feasibility study on setting up a CVO on halal meat to fund worship
Muslim

Funding for worship must be provided by the Foundation. Its revenues could come from four sources:
- The gifts of the faithful;
- Donations from foreign countries (with the obligation to go through the Foundation)
- The product of the halal slaughter service (with monopoly given by the State)
- Income from halal certification
Uses of resources:
• Co n stru ctio n of ed i ces
worship
• Salary of imams
• Theological work
• Ideological work

Private companies of certification + naming & shaming practice

Certificates approved by the State
Advertise for the FOIF and allow it to benefit from tax-deductible donations

Abattoirs Transformation

Wholesalers Retail

F.O.I.F.

Public Health Agency
Which certifies the certifier
Imports outside the EU

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 6


*** SLIDE 7

A new management of French Islam

Opportunities and Supports

> A clear separation between the religious and the temporal, between the enactment of religious opinions and the administrative management of the cult.

> An essentially French management of French Islam which
Gives place to young people and women

> To allow the emergence of new profiles, both secular and religious, by encouraging the access of Muslims born and raised in France to these two bodies

> Opening the representation of Muslims to all sensibilities that make up French Islam: Sufis, Shiites, etc.
Risks and Opposition

> Risk of obstruction by members of the CFCM against the two bodies that will be, in part, the emanation.

> Risk of a deficit of legitimacy in the first years of operation which requires the widest possible democratic renewal within a relatively short period of time

> Some legal creativity is needed to ensure that extremists are not over-represented

> Opposition of the main countries exporting radical Islamic ideology. Need for diplomatic accompaniment and reorientation

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 7


*** SLIDE 8

Policy Recommendations

Présentation du plan du rapport à l’Institut Montaigne       8


*** SLIDE 9

A series of public policies compatible with the 1905 Act

Extend the concordat to Islam in Alsace-Moselle to ensure the training of executives
Religious Muslims in France

To allow the financing of the Muslim cult so that the Foundation of the works of the Islam centralizes the product of a voluntary compulsory contribution on the halal consumption

Create a National Chaplaincy School to train and recruit chaplains-civil servants

To equip local communities to promote the emergence of an integrated local Islam

Teaching classical Arabic in public schools to reduce the attractiveness of Arabic classes In mosques

Monitoring the situation through religious statistics

Interview our foreign policy to stem the Wahhabi blade and write a
Handbook of Equitable History with the supporters of the Maliki rite of the middle ground.

Establishment of a Secretariat for Religious Affairs and Secularism under the
Minister and attached to it the Central Bureau of Worship.

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 9


*** SLIDE 10

Extension of the Concordat to Islam in Alsace-Moselle

Refresh the concordatory right by giving Islam the same status as the other religions benefiting
Of the pension scheme in Alsace-Moselle

The integration of Islam into the regime must provide the public authority with the means to take charge and regulate the Muslim worship. It is a prerequisite for the founding of a chair of Islamic theology, the definition of the legal status of the imam and the financing of worship.
 Application rules
? Date of application: 2017
? Act + CC approval
? Responsible: PM

Forming imams

Chair of Muslim Theology
To train researchers, teachers and students in Muslim Islam and theology

Create an academic exchange program between Muslim academic institutes around the world -
"Erasmuz"
Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 10


*** SLIDE 11

Extension of the Concordat to Islam in Alsace-Moselle

The local Alsatian-mosellan law

school
The Falloux Act of 1850

> Mandatory religious education in public schools, with the possibility of dispensing the child

> Follow-up of religious education
students :

Primary school
80%

Middle School
50%

High school
10%
Associations
Local Civil Code of 1 January 1900

> Not necessarily
juridic people
> Initial double check of the judge
And prefect
> Possibility for local authorities to pay specific and voluntary subsidies
> Opportunity to pursue profit

Muslim Cult
Like the other religious associations, it can be financed

Worship

> Protestant: Law of 8 April 1802
> Catholic: July 15, 1801 (treaty
France-Vatican): Concordat
> Jew: order of 25 May 1844

> Flexible Separation of Churches and
State
> State intervention in the
Appointment of ministers of religion

Public funding: € 58 million / year in 2015:
? 0.015% of the state budget
? of which 1393 ministers of
Cults by the State

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 11


*** SLIDE 12

Extension of the Concordat to Islam in Alsace-Moselle

Opportunities and Supports

> Measure offering to Islam a treatment identical to other recognized cults.
> Effect of catch-up and laboratory effect
> Creation of statutory conditions favorable to:
• Training of imams and chaplains (men and women) within a higher education structure (University of Strasbourg), benefiting from public funding, whose programs have been targeted by the State and which will have a monopoly Of the issuance of imam status.
• The definition of a legal status of the imam allowing him to be a religious affectionate and an interlocutor of the public authorities
• Funding for Muslim worship to better cope with practices and discourses
Risks and Opposition

> Risk of constitutional censorship:
• Review of the 2011 decision (QPC Somodia) by the
Vote of a law
• would constitute the first change of jurisprudence on
A QPC decision
> Political risk:
• Opposition of the supporters of the abolition of the regime of confederation (QPC 2013, Association for the promotion and the expansion of the secularity)
• Opposition of the current concessionary cults because of the risk of unfavorable fiscal equalization and the breakdown of an institutional balance
• Opposition of a part of institutionalized Muslims to
The management of worship by the public authorities
> Financial risk: expenses related to Muslim worship will be an integral part of public expenditure. Possible opposition of the local taxpayer.

Cost :
- Salary of imams and chaplains and religious teachers in Alsace-Moselle: 60 imams or 2.5 million / year
- Operating and personnel costs of the State University: 1 million / year

€ 5.5m / year
- Construction and maintenance costs for places of worship: 2 million / year (hypothesis: 1 mosque built every 2 years)

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 12


*** SLIDE 13

Financing worship by taxing Islamic consumption

Opportunities and Supports

> A real financial windfall. Approximately 200,000 tonnes of halal slaughter, excluding poultry. Average certification cost of 0.08 euro per kilo (AVS). Around EUR 16 million could be raised rapidly to EUR 50 million

> Funding by FOIF Muslims mechanically resulting in a reduction of foreign funding sources.
Risks and Opposition

> Political risk: the shields of the great mosques and the mayors of these cities.

> Financial risk: difficulty in using a foundation
Of public utility to finance religious activities

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 13


*** SLIDE 14

A National Chaplaincy School and the professionalization of the status
       chaplain

Pupils-chaplains

- Paid
- Ten-year commitment
- Work in public service
Student chaplains

- Not subject to the status of official-trainee

Common Entrance Competition
4 courses:

Catholicism Islam Protestantism Judaism
Entry on file
+
motivational interviewing

ENAu - National Chaplaincy School
Training: 3 years. The equivalent of 180 ECTS

Courses in psychology, languages, history of religions, etc. + 2 religious specialties: one major and one minor
2 stages (public services + place of worship)

Hospitals, schools, armies, prisons
Private sector
mosques
pursuit
study

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 14


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Creation of the National Chaplaincy School with a real status at the key

Opportunities and Supports

> Centralization of training. Creation of a common transcultural base of knowledge and training. Creating intercultural links.

> Attachment of the School to the Prime Minister because the public establishments where the chaplains are officiated fall under the competence of different ministries.

> The State ensures the training of its public officials.
Their status as civil servants is the guarantee of their respect for the duties incumbent on public servants.

> The creation of a transcultual chaplain general inspection corps will enable the detection and prevention of proselyte chaplains. This body will also have the task of advising the other administrations in their interactions with the cults.

> Increased attractiveness of the chaplain's profession.

> The creation of a corps of chaplains constitutes an additional guarantee of the freedom of worship of French citizens in closed public spaces

> Possibility of placing on availability in places of worship and secondment in public enterprises.
Risks and Opposition

> The functioning of chaplains could increase suspicion of chaplains in some closed areas (including prisons)

> Creation of a new body of civil servants in
A constrained budgetary context

> The establishment of a recruitment competition may constitute a barrier to entry for potential candidates

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 15


*** SLIDE 16

Corollary Measures - Create Academic Chaplaincies

Encourage the development of chaplaincies in the Grandes Ecoles and universities in order to
A new generation of Muslim leaders

In accordance with Article 2 of the Law of 9 December 1905, the creation of Muslim chaplaincies in the Grandes Ecoles and universities must be encouraged in order to allow the emergence of new Muslim leaders with a solid academic background and Religious knowledge.
 Application rules:
? Date of application: 2017-2020
? Responsible: Min. Ens. Sup.

Advantages and Opportunities

> The chaplaincy service will be provided by
Chaplains trained at ENAu.
> Identify talented young French people who
To incarnate tomorrow a positive figure of French Islam

> Establish interreligious dialogue between pupils believers and practitioners of the Grandes Ecoles and universities
> Foster interaction with other chaplaincies
Religions to organize joint events
> Identify students in the process of radicalization
> Enabling the emergence of networks of Muslims
French lay people on the model of Even (see Father Leproux)
Risks and Disadvantages

> Risk of conflicts with politicized fringes

> Risk that the Muslims of the Grandes Ecoles
Do not go to chaplaincy.

> In the Grandes Ecoles, Muslims are often foreign pupils who come to France after the bac and wish to return to their country of origin after their studies (and their naturalization)

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 16


*** SLIDE 17

MC - Approving imams and chaplains via the TIF

Creation of a test of French Islam (TIF):
- VAE and knowledge of imams and French chaplains declared and officially present
- makes it possible to grant visas to foreign francophone imams and having passed the TIF (test of Islam
French)

To verify the state of religious knowledge and its adequacy with
French values.
Allows to select foreign imams meeting the linguistic and theological criteria evaluated by the TIF
 Application rules :
? Dates of application: 2017-
2027
? Administrative Circular
? Responsible: BCC + MAEE

Advantages and Opportunities

> Have certified imams and francophones

> Speaking to Muslims born and raised in France and preaching in French

> Enabling the public authorities to better access the content of the sermons and, consequently, a better control of the religious discourse in the mosques.
Risks and Disadvantages

> Does not guarantee moderate speech - despite
TIF barrier - but only a speech in French

> Slight diplomatic risk - some potentially problematic cases that require special treatment

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 17


*** SLIDE 18

Strengthening the conditions for the emergence of a local Islam

Since municipalities are an essential actor in the emergence of a French Islam,
Measures to allow Muslim worship to develop harmoniously

The emergence of a French Islam requires that the constitution of an Islam is facilitated
Integrated local:
- Establish confessional squares in municipal cemeteries (amend articles L. 2213-9 and L 2223-13 of the CGCT)
- Authorize the union of associations for the construction of places of worship
(Complete section 20 of the 1905 Act)
- Provide the possibility for all communities to guarantee the borrowing of
Religious associations for the construction of religious buildings
- Indicate in the PLU the spaces reserved for the construction of places of worship
 Application rules :
? Date of application: 2018
? Decree and Law
? Responsible: Min. Int, Min. finances

Advantages and Opportunities

> Promoting the local anchoring of Muslims
> Reducing inequalities in the situation between religious
Facilitating the constitution of a cultural heritage
> Facilitating the acquisition of land for construction
Of worship buildings
Risks and Disadvantages

> Political risk: opposition of citizens in the fight against what could amount to "reasonable accommodation".
> Legal risk: end of the neutrality of public spaces in the cemeteries resulting from the law of 1905

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 18


*** SLIDE 19

Teaching Classical Arabic at Public School

To develop the teaching of classical Arabic in middle schools and high schools in order to increase the attrition rate of the flow of people going to learn it in the mosques

50 000 pupils follow a course in Language Teaching and Primary Culture (ELCO) at primary level, but there are only 8 000 in secondary education. This structural deficit of supply in the face of increasing demand benefits mosques who find there a flow of economic resources and human capital to evangelise.
To correct this trajectory, it is necessary to promote the teaching of Arabic in the public school by opening classes for the 200 teachers of Arabic currently in technical unemployment placed on positions of TZR
 Application rules :
? Date of application: 2018
? Decree
? Responsible: Min. Educ

Advantages and Opportunities

> Control of programs and content
Language education through national education
> Deconfessionalization of learning Arabic, breaking the systematic relationship with the Islamic referent
> The creation of bi-lingual classes should offer students new perspectives on the Qur'anic and religious texts and allow a French reading
> Competitive advantage in both the professional market and in access to selective programs for students who have full control of classical Arabic
Risks and Disadvantages

> Media and political risk: shielding
A measure that can be interpreted in the light of
"Islamization = Arabization"


*** SLIDE 20

Measuring by religious statistics to better act

Conduct the general census of religious statistics (non-compulsory) to enable the public authorities to have information in support of their needs and better respond to their needs.

Conducting a census of the number of believers and religious practitioners should enable decision-makers and citizens to have reliable information about the religious practices of the French. It must also make it possible to deconstruct certain discourse that sustains fears about new religions.
 Application rules :
? Date of application: 2017
? Responsible: PM, Bureau of Cults, CNIL

Advantages and Opportunities

> Improve knowledge of sociology and religious practices to better meet their needs

> Deconstructing the Myths of "Great Replacement"

> Guarantee better management of cultural heritage in the public domain in relation to established sociological data
Risks and Disadvantages

> Risk of accusation of filing and stigmatization (media and political risk)

> Risk of a violation of individual civil liberties

> Political risk:
• Opposition of right-wing and left-wing Republicans in the name of secularism.
• Opposition of some of the believers for fear of
FILING

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 20


*** SLIDE 21

Writing a Fair History Handbook

To make a book of common school history with Italy, Spain, Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia (3 + 3)
In order to put into historical perspective the mutual contributions and religious convergences between the two shores of the Mediterranean.

In the framework of the 3 + 3, we recommend the creation of a commission of historians to develop a common textbook. The aim of this book is to:
- create a common base of objective historical knowledge based on
A logic of a historic "draw".
- develop a sense of belonging to a common history
- to reduce the fantasies of victimization on the one hand and of superiority
Civilization of the other
 Application rules :
? Dates of application: 2017-
2027
? Responsible in France: MAEE and Min. Education

Advantages and Opportunities

> Strong symbols of common history and destiny between Christians, Muslims and Jews in the Mediterranean basin.
> Strengthen scholastic and intellectual exchanges between all 3 + 3 countries.
> To reduce the retro-colonial feeling developed in children born in France and having never known the Maghreb.
> Bringing knowledge to French schoolchildren on
The Maghreb civilizations.
Risks and Disadvantages

> Risk of ideological clashes on certain historical events

> Risk of poor distribution of textbooks in schools in all countries concerned.
Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 21


*** SLIDE 22

Establishment of a State Secretariat for Religious Affairs and Secularism

Establish a Secretariat in charge of religious affairs and secularism attached to the Prime Minister, to which is attached the Central Bureau of Worship, to give a strong political signal by leaving relations to the cults of the prism of security.

The SARL must promote an interministerial logic in relations with
Various cults.
With regard to the Muslim cult, this will make it possible to centralize the management of files currently broken out between the Ministries of the Interior, Foreign Affairs, Justice, etc.
 Application rules :
? Date of application: 2017
? Decree
? Responsible: PM

SEARL
Directorate General of Relations with Worship

Directorate of Religious
Alsace-Moselle

International Directorate of Religious Affairs

General Inspectorate of Religious Affairs and Secularism

Directorate General of
chaplains
Attachment of the current Central Bureau of Worship

Attachment of the current Bureau of Worship of Alsace-Moselle

Develops relations between the French State and foreign countries
Providers of religious personnel

Guarantees the application of the law of 1905 and the neutrality of public services. Appoint a delegate for religious affairs and secularism in each regional prefecture.

In charge of the National School of Chaplains and the assignment and
The provisional management of careers in the corps of chaplains

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 22


*** SLIDE 23

Will it go further?

A. Aggiornamento of the law of 1905

B. Extension of the Concordat throughout the territory

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 23


*** SLIDE 24

Aggiornamento of the law of 1905

Designed to manage a defined stock and not a flow of cults in mainland France, the law of 1905 could be updated by "nationalizing" all the worship constructions built between 1905 and today in France for Subject them to the same legal regime as the religious buildings prior to 1905.

Advantages and Opportunities
Risks and Disadvantages

> Ratcheting effect:
? Creation of a legal status of the imam to be able to designate a religious attendant in the mosques
? Greater transparency in the financing of the functioning of new cults in France
? Improvement of the management of the religious fact at the municipal level: clear identification of the religious interlocutors with the municipal councilors.

> Political advantage: the catch-up effect of the care of new religions (Islam, evangelical worship)
> Legal risk: a measure which may be the subject of constitutional censorship and, where it is valid, requiring the development of a substantial body of case-law.
> Political risk: the opposition of the "laïcards" but also of the religious associations that do not want to be dispossessed of their possessions
> Financial risk: indemnification of the owners of religious buildings and costs of maintenance of the building at the expense of the public authorities.
> Social risk: disorders of public order in the case of inventories of religious buildings
> Diplomatic risk: tension with foreign states to which France has outsourced part of the management of Muslims in France

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 24


*** SLIDE 25

Aggiornamiento of the law of 1905

Encryption of measurement

Based on the data provided by the Senate in its report on the financing of places of worship (2015), it is clear that the updating of the 1905 Act concerns slightly less than 10,000 worship buildings Breakdown is as follows:
- Catholic worship: 2500 buildings built since 1905
- Protestant worship: 3520 buildings not owned by the State out of the 4,000 listed real estates
- Jewish worship: approximately 600 synagogues, of which 580 are not part of the public domain
- Orthodox worship: about 130 places of worship financed by the faithful
- Muslim cult: 2450 places of worship spread throughout the territory of which two thirds have an area of ??about 150m ².

The cost of a religious building varies between 500,000 and 2 to 3 million euros for buildings of modest size and can amount to 7 to 8 million for the largest buildings that constitute a minority of the potentially religious patrimony Concerned by this updating procedure.
In order to carry out the ex ante evaluation of the cost of this measure, we estimated the size and cost of the religious buildings as follows:
- Small buildings with an estimated unit cost of € 750,000: 60%
- Medium-sized buildings with an estimated unit cost of € 3 million: 35%
- Large buildings with an estimated unit cost of 7 million: 5%

Theoretical cost of the measure (if the religious buildings had a market value): 17 billion

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 25


*** SLIDE 26

Establishment of a provisional concordat for "new cults"

Repeal of the 1905 Act and in-depth revision of the Constitution. Creation of a religious public policy taking charge of new cults (notably Islam and evangelism). The public authorities finance, organize and control these cults.

Advantages and Opportunities Risks and Disadvantages

> The State takes over the entire religious field.
? Creation of a body of religious officials affected by worship and subjected to the duties inherent in the public service
? Control of public discourse and religious practices.

> Political Advantage: Fair Treatment of Cults, Transparency in Financing, Management of the Police of Worship

> Opportunity: to make under the "caudine forks" of the State the new cults present in France
> Organic risk: the need to select publicly funded cults

> Legal risk: tabula rasa on the religious neutrality of the state and public services

> Political risk: destruction of one of the pillars of the political and constitutional identity of the Republic without guarantee of a reduction of religious radicalization

> Financial risk:
? significant cost of worship services (increase in the number of civil servants, operating costs, maintenance costs)
? planing of the "niche fiscale": the purpose of tax exempt donations to religious associations for the religions supported by the State

Presentation of the report plan at the Institut Montaigne 26