select film.film_id, film.title, a.actors
from   film
left join
  (
       select     film_actor.film_id, array_agg(first_name) as actors
       from       actor
       inner join film_actor using(actor_id)
       group by   film_actor.film_id
  ) as a
on       a.film_id = film.film_id
where    film.title = 'ACADEMY DINOSAUR'
order by film.title;

select film.film_id, film.title, a.actors
from   film
left join lateral
  (
       select     array_agg(first_name) as actors
       from       actor
       inner join film_actor using(actor_id)
       where      film_actor.film_id = film.film_id
  ) as a
on       true
where    film.title = 'ACADEMY DINOSAUR'
order by film.title;

Merge Left Join  (cost=507.20..573.11 rows=1 width=51) (actual time=15.087..15.089 rows=1 loops=1)
   Merge Cond: (film.film_id = film_actor.film_id)
   ->  Sort  (cost=8.30..8.31 rows=1 width=19) (actual time=0.075..0.075 rows=1 loops=1)
     Sort Key: film.film_id
     Sort Method: quicksort  Memory: 25kB
     ->  Index Scan using idx_title on film  (cost=0.28..8.29 rows=1 width=19) (actual time=0.044..0.058 rows=1 loops=1)
           Index Cond: ((title)::text = 'ACADEMY DINOSAUR'::text)
   ->  GroupAggregate  (cost=498.90..552.33 rows=997 width=34) (actual time=15.004..15.004 rows=1 loops=1)
     Group Key: film_actor.film_id
     ->  Sort  (cost=498.90..512.55 rows=5462 width=8) (actual time=14.934..14.937 rows=11 loops=1)
           Sort Key: film_actor.film_id
           Sort Method: quicksort  Memory: 449kB
           ->  Hash Join  (cost=6.50..159.84 rows=5462 width=8) (actual time=0.355..8.359 rows=5462 loops=1)
             Hash Cond: (film_actor.actor_id = actor.actor_id)
             ->  Seq Scan on film_actor  (cost=0.00..84.62 rows=5462 width=4) (actual time=0.035..2.205 rows=5462 loops=1)
             ->  Hash  (cost=4.00..4.00 rows=200 width=10) (actual time=0.303..0.303 rows=200 loops=1)
               Buckets: 1024  Batches: 1  Memory Usage: 17kB
               ->  Seq Scan on actor  (cost=0.00..4.00 rows=200 width=10) (actual time=0.027..0.143 rows=200 loops=1)
 Planning time: 1.495 ms
 Execution time: 15.426 ms

 Nested Loop Left Join  (cost=25.11..33.16 rows=1 width=51) (actual time=0.849..0.854 rows=1 loops=1)
   ->  Index Scan using idx_title on film  (cost=0.28..8.29 rows=1 width=19) (actual time=0.045..0.048 rows=1 loops=1)
     Index Cond: ((title)::text = 'ACADEMY DINOSAUR'::text)
   ->  Aggregate  (cost=24.84..24.85 rows=1 width=32) (actual time=0.797..0.797 rows=1 loops=1)
     ->  Hash Join  (cost=10.82..24.82 rows=5 width=6) (actual time=0.672..0.764 rows=10 loops=1)
           Hash Cond: (film_actor.actor_id = actor.actor_id)
           ->  Bitmap Heap Scan on film_actor  (cost=4.32..18.26 rows=5 width=2) (actual time=0.072..0.150 rows=10 loops=1)
             Recheck Cond: (film_id = film.film_id)
             Heap Blocks: exact=10
             ->  Bitmap Index Scan on idx_fk_film_id  (cost=0.00..4.32 rows=5 width=0) (actual time=0.041..0.041 rows=10 loops=1)
               Index Cond: (film_id = film.film_id)
           ->  Hash  (cost=4.00..4.00 rows=200 width=10) (actual time=0.561..0.561 rows=200 loops=1)
             Buckets: 1024  Batches: 1  Memory Usage: 17kB
             ->  Seq Scan on actor  (cost=0.00..4.00 rows=200 width=10) (actual time=0.039..0.275 rows=200 loops=1)
 Planning time: 1.722 ms
 Execution time: 1.087 ms