2017-11-28 Grammar: more infinitives

Greg Malivuk
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http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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Homework: p. 96 exercise 7 - Choose at least 5 of these sentences to complete with an infinitive phrase. Express your true ideas.
1 A good parent should never neglect to take care of children.
2 Most children in elementary school learn to read.
3 Most poor people can’t afford to find a new job.
4 The world today seems to be losing water.
5 Shy students sometimes hesitate to ask questions during class.
6 Selfish people rarely offer to pay attention.
7 A good friend should never refuse to help a true friend.
8 Criminals deserve to be punished.
9 Most children hope to watch TV for a long time.
10 In general, good students tend to be successful.
11 Most American teenagers can’t wait to drink alcohol.
12 Most good teachers seem to remember all students’ faces and names.
13 An honest person should never agree to tell a lie.
14 Excellent athletes often appear to have confidence in themselves.
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The verbs on the homework are followed directly by the infinitive.
Another set of verbs (which the handout calls “pattern 2”) must be followed by an object and then the infinitive.
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pattern 1: I hope that I have a good time. = I hope to have a good time.
pattern 2: I trust that I will not drink too much. = I trust myself not to drink too much.
- If the person doing the infinitive action is also the subject of the verb, use a reflexive (-self) pronoun.
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p. 97 exercise 9 - With your partner, try to create sentences using these pattern 2 verbs. (The second verb in each pair is the infinitive.)
1 I reminded your brother to pay the water bill.
2 My father warned me not to forget to do my homework.
3 I convinced my mother to help cook my favorite meal.
4 I hired someone to work my job.
5 T-Mobile requires me to pay every month.
6 His parents forbid him to marry his girlfriend. (“forbid him from marrying” is also correct)
7 I invited my friend to join me at my birthday party.
8 I teach him to speak politely.
9 I allowed my sister to leave at night.
10 I ordered my parents to send Japanese food.
11 I urge American people to vote for Trump.
12 I trust my son to spend little money.
13 My mother told me not to eat too much.
14 I encourage my daughter to ask for food.
15 I forced him to leave money.
The other Saudis trust Faisal to tell them when to pray.
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Some pattern 2 verbs can be used with a general meaning, but then you need the infinitive.
Doctors advise people to eat healthier.
Doctors advise eating healthier.
(advise, require, permit, allow, forbid)
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p. 98 - Pattern 3 verbs can be used with or without an object before the infinitive.
John asked to open the door. = John will open the door.
John asked Mary to open the door. = Mary will open the door.
(Sometimes you need “for” before the object, such as with “arrange”, “intend”, “consent”, “afford”.)
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exercise 10 - Ask your partner questions to find out this information.
ask: “What do you like to do? What do you like someone else to do?”
answer: “I like to eat. I like someone else to cook”
write: “My partner likes to eat and likes someone else to cook.”
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Homework: p. 100 exercise 12 - Complete the sentences with infinitive phrases that express your real opinions.