Science Summary - 2021, January

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------------------------------------- January 2021 -------------------------------------

Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oLyQxZyl_Tg

Image: https://imgur.com/gallery/Ys3B4Tb

Monthly newsletter: https://mailchi.mp/359cae84aa22/science_summary

----------------- Selection -----------------

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_in_science

Items which I added to the Wikipedia list are marked with a star (*).
Some more relevant information can be found on at WP:Talk:2020_in_science.

------------------ Sources ------------------

* Quantum network
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03093-8

* Waste
http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/169766/

* Ganymede
https://www.abc4.com/news/discovery-in-space-fm-radio-signal-coming-from-jupiters-moon-ganymede/

* Global issues
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcosc.2020.615419/full

* Symbols
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1040618221000021

TOI-178
https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Cheops/ESA_s_exoplanet_watcher_Cheops_reveals_unique_planetary_system

Cryosphere
https://tc.copernicus.org/articles/15/233/2021/

* Transparent wood
https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/5/eabd7342

COVID-19
* P681H
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.06.425497v1
Lineage P.1
https://www.niid.go.jp/niid/images/epi/corona/covid19-33-en-210112.pdf
U.K. VOC severity
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nervtag-paper-on-covid-19-variant-of-concern-b117
Vaccine protection from VOC 501.V2
https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/01/28/961609976/south-carolina-reports-1st-known-u-s-cases-of-variant-from-south-africa
* Effects on global warming
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2020GL091805

_________

* Leap second
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2021/01/04/earth-spinning-faster-now-time-past-half-century/

* Crocodilia
https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-020-01561-5

* Quasar
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/abd8c6

* Stone age
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-79418-4

* Diet during childhood
https://jeb.biologists.org/content/early/2021/01/10/jeb.239699

* Taxonomies
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-20037-y

* Energy extraction
https://journals.aps.org/prd/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevD.103.023014

* Drones
https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.020503

* Myeloid cells
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03160-0

* Global bee decline
https://www.cell.com/one-earth/fulltext/S2590-3322(20)30651-5

------------------ Not included ------------------

- motor neurone disease treatment via mitochondria

- hypothesis about superintelligent AI

- gene editing mice with progeria, potential mRNA vaccine for multiple sclerosis

- first Jupiter-like exoplanet without clouds

- use of gene editing to produce antibiotics

- record high temperature of the oceans

- first transplant of both arms and shoulders in a human

- * ice ages were associated with northward shifts of melting Antarctic icebergs

- * gut infections increase its microbiota's resistance to subsequent infections and is associated with taurine

- reports about a vaccine being "too risky for the very old and terminally ill"

- LauncherOne in orbit

- * air purifiers in rooms with multiple people may spread COVID-19

- shark and ray populations have fallen by 71% since 1970 (not considered for inclusion: added too late)

- * single-photon source for quantum IT


Image sources & explanations (modified): https://pastebin.com/EG9PV5v8