Câu bị động

Bị động

S + V + O
My money was stolen yesterday.

to be+ PP

______

A chicken was killed

Chủ động:             S + V + O

Bị động:      S +  be + VpII + (by + O


_______

* Tương lai hoàn thành

S + will + have + VpII + O

Ví dụ:

-  She will have finished her studying by the end of this year.

S + will + have + been + VpII + (by O)

Ví dụ:

- Her studying will have been finished by the end of this year.

_______

* Các trường hợp Đặc biệt

+ 2 tân ngữ:
She gave me an apple yesterday.

Tân ngữ nào tiếp xúc trước gọi là tân ngữ số 1.

An apple was given to me yesterday
I was given an apple yesterday.

+ Động từ khuyết thiếu: Can, could, would, should, may, might, need, must, ought to

English can be spoken fluently.

- My father is going to do the gardening.
-> The gardening is going to be done by my father.

______

Phải có must/shoud đối với câu mệnh lệnh
- Chủ động: Clean the floor! (Hãy lau sàn nhà đi!)
- Bị động: The floor should be cleaned! (Sàn nhà nên được lau đi)

_________

Chủ ngữ giả (không được thay thế)

It + be + adj + (for sb) + to do st

-> It + be + adj + for st to be done

Ví dụ:

- It is easy to make this cake.

-> It is easy for this exercise to be made.

_________

“make”, “let”, “have”, “get” (không có be, nhưng have/get có thể có have to)

- I made my daughter clean the floor.

-> I made the floor cleaned by my daughter .
-> My father let the dinner cooked by me yesterday.

- My mother has to wash the clothes every day. (do has to)
-> The clothes have to be washed by my mother every day.

I have the hairdresser cut my hair every month.
-> I have my hair cut by the hairdresser every month.

* Bị động kép
- She got her father turn on the TV.
-> She got the TV turned on by her father.

They think that she works very hard.
-> It is thought that she works very hard.
-> She is thought to work very hard.


it is said
People said that she was very kind.
-> It was said that she was very kind.
-> She was said to be very kind.

____

Ra lệnh mà lại có let

Don’t let the others see you.
-> Don’t let yourself be seen.

______

let có 2 tân ngữ

She let him enter the room.
–> He was allowed to enter the room.

_______

Linh động có nhiều cách
The man is rumored to have killedhis wife.
They rumor that

Do the exercise!
—> Let the exercise be done!

Don’t leave him alone!
—>Don’t let him be left alone! (giống nhau)