List the structures in correct order in the path of blood flow through the heart. (Starting with deoxygenated blood on the right side pumped out to the body from the left side)
Superior/Inferior Vena Cava
Right atrium
Right Ventricle
Pulmonary artery
Lungs
Avioli
Pulmonary veins
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle
Aorta








2) What is the largest artery in the body?
    Aorta


3) Veins carry ____Deoxygenated_____ blood and arteries carry _____Oxygenated___ blood. Arteries have a _____Higher___ pressure than veins because_______Arteries have to pump oxygenated blood to the whole body_______________.

4) The ___S-A node___ is the body’s natural pacemaker.

5) What does a defibrillator do to the heart? (AED)
    A defibrillator gives the heart an electric shock and restores a normal heart beat

6) Describe the three heart tissue types.
Endocardium
Epicardium
Myocardium

7) List the correct order of structures that the oxygen passes through when inhaled from the atmosphere.
Oxygen travels down the trachea into the bronchi, then branches into the bronchioles, makes contact with the alveoli. It then enters the bloodstream through the capillaries

8) During exhalation, the lung volume __decreases___, the lung pressure ___increases___, and the diaphragm relaxes.

9) The alveoli go through gas exchange by the process of ___Diffusion__. This is also caused by __atmospheric____ pressure, going from high to low.

10) What is the difference between pneumonia and bronchitis?
    Pneumonia is an infection that fills the alveoli with mucus or pus, while bronchitis causes inflamation of the airways

11) Describe the types of anemia.


12) Partial pressure is defined as__The force exerted by a gas.______________________.

13) Why does rhythmic breathing make you have longer stamina during exercise?
    Rhythmic breathing lets allows you to remove CO2 and take in Oxygen more effeciently

14) During atrial systole, the AV valves are ____closed_____ and the SL valves are ____open________.

15) What are the differences between a stroke, arrhythmia, and congenital heart disease?
A stroke is caused by a blood vessel leading to the brain being obstructed, cutting off oxygen from the brain.
Arrhythmia is when the heart is beating irregularly.
And congenital heart disease is a term for various defects in the heart that do not allow it to properly function, like tears in the veins or valves.


16) Describe the pathway of in and out of the lungs. Include the purpose of the diaphragm and gas exchange.
    Air enters through the mouth, travels through the pharynx and into the trachea, past the larynx, goes through the bronchi, and finally into the bronchioles. It follows the same path out in reverse, bronchioles,bronchi, trachea, larynx, pharynx, and either the mouth or nose.

17) When your breathe in, _______oxygen______ from the environment travels to your lungs and ______carbon dioxide____ travels out of your lungs into the environment.

18) ______Capillaries_____ wrap around the organs and exchange gases and nutrients with other cells of the organs.

19) What happens to the valves and the pressure during ventricular systole? The mitral valve on the appropriate side opens and the AV valves shut.

20) Describe the pressure and volume in the lungs during inhalation and exhalation.
    During inhalation, the pressure of the lungs decreases and the volume increases, and during exhalation the volume decreases and the pressure increases.

21) Why are valves important?
    Valves ensure that there is no backflow of blood in the heart.

22) Describe the electrical system within the heart (Cardiac Conduction System).
    The Sinoatrial and Atrioventricular nodes control the rhythm of your heart by creating an electrical impulse, slightly offset so blood can flow through the heart with no backflow.










23) Name the two kinds of arteries and three kinds of veins in the heart. Label whether they carry oxygenated blood or deoxygenated blood.
    Superior/Inferior Vena Cava: Deoxygenated
    Aorta: Oxygenated
    Pulmonary Veins: Oxygenated
    Deep Veins: Oxygenated
    Superficial Veins: Oxygenated.
24) What is Anemia? How can you get anemia? How can you treat it?
You can develop anemia from an iron deficiency or from excessive bleeding.
Anemia is a condition where there are not enough healthy red blood cells in the body
Anemia can be treated in many ways depending on the causes, some treatments include blood transfusions and iron supplements.

25) Describe myocardium, epicardium, and endocardium.
The epicardium is a thin cover of connective tissue that protects the heart
The myocardium is the muscular middle layer of the heart
And the epicardium functions as the innermost layer that protects the inside of the heart.

26) What are the two types of nodes in Cardiac Conduction System?
Sinoatrial node
Atrioventricular node

27) Label the diagram of heart below.

































28) Draw ARROWS in the diagram of the heart below to represent the pathway of blood.


29) Label the following respiratory diagram:


30) Which of the three blood vessels is the largest? Which is the smallest?




31) State a distinct characteristic of each blood vessel.




32) Where is the heart located? How large is it?




33) What is the average blood pressure for a healthy person? What do the numbers mean?
150/80  mm Hg




34) What creates the “lub” “dub” sound of the heart beat?



35) How much of your body weight is comprised of blood?
7 percent of your body weight is blood

36) What are the characteristics of red blood cells? What is their job?
Red blood cells transport oxygen around the body

37) What are the characteristics of white blood cells? What is their job?
White blood cells protect against infections and other invaders.

38) What is the role of platelets?
They form blood clots to stop bleeding

39) What hormone stimulates red blood cell production?

40) Describe hemostasis.
Hemostasis is the body stopping the flow of blood from a damaged blood vessel to prevent blood loss

41) Which valves make up the AV valves? Which valves make up the SL valves?
AV valves: bicupsid and tricupsid valve
SL valve: Pulmonary and Aortic valve

42) Define diastole.
The period of rest after systole