mysqldump -uuser -ppassword myDatabase | mysql -hremoteserver -uremoteuser -premoteserverpassword

mysqldump --all-databases -uuser -ppassword | mysql -hremoteserver -uremoteuser -premoteserver

[mysqld]
lower_case_table_names=1

LOCK TABLES mydb.mytable READ;
SELECT SLEEP(86400);
UNLOCK TABLES;

mysql -u username -ppassword databasename < databasename.tablename.sql

me@web:~$ d=members
me@web:~$ mysqldump $d | gzip > $d.sql.gz
me@web:~$ scp -i .ssh/yourkeynamehere $d.sql.gz $sbox:$d.sql.gz

me@sandbox:~$ d1=members
me@sandbox:~$ d2=members_sb
me@sandbox:~$ mysqladmin create $d2
me@sandbox:~$ cat $d1.sql.gz | gunzip |  mysql $d2

me@sandbox:~$ ls *.gz
me@sandbox:~$ cat $d.sql.gz | gunzip |  less

$ echo "
[client]
user=drupal6
password=metoknow
host=ord-mysql-001-sn.bananas.com
[mysql]
database=nz_drupal" > .my.cnf
$ chmod 0600 ~/.my.cnf

# mysqldump -u username -ppassword database_name > FILE.sql

/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
rsync -avz source_files destination
vi /etc/my.cnf

/etc/init.d/mysql start

sudo cp /var/lib/mysql /home/foouser/mysql_data_folder
sudo chown -R foouser /home/foouser/mysql_data_folder

sudo chown -R _mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/
sudo chgrp -R wheel /usr/local/mysql/data/
sudo chmod -R g+rx /usr/local/mysql/data/

ssh server1
service mysql stop
cd $mysql-data-dir
rsync -avz dirs-or-files server2:$mysql-data-dir
service mysql start

ssh server1
mysqldump ... | pigz > backup-YYMDD.sql.gz
rsync backup-YYMDD.sql.gz server:location

ssh server2
pigz -dc location/backup-YYMDD.sql.gz | mysql ..

In HA environment you should use the following trick:
setup slave server & do all backups from it
before backups - do "slave stop";
then do version 1 or version 2

touch full.start
mysqladmin -h slave-db stop-slave
echo "show slave status G" | mysql -h slave-db > FULL/comfi-$NOW.master-position
/usr/bin/mysqldump -h slave-db --default-character-set=utf8 -A --opt --skip-lock-tables | pigz > "FULL/XXXX-$NOW.sql.gz"
mysqladmin -h slave-db start-slave
touch full.end

ln -fs "FULL/XXXX-$NOW.sql.gz" FULL.sql.gz