2019-09-21 Saturday: 12 Experts

Greg Malivuk
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http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
2019-09-21 Saturday: 12 Experts
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If we want to give or receive “information”:
	I asked her if she could close the door.
	I reminded her that she needed to download the pictures.
	I promised her that I would remember.
If we want to “give” or “receive” actions:
	I asked her to close the door.
	I reminded her to download the pictures.
	I promised to remember. (no “her”, because I’m going to do this action)
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I thought, “This is a really difficult assignment.”
-> I thought (that) that was a really difficult assignment.

I thought, “This ‘that’ that had ‘had had’ before it was incorrect.”
-> I thought that that “that” that had had “had had” before it had been incorrect.
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p. 146 part 5 - Replace the bold words with words from the box.
1 appeal
2 overcoming
3 fierce
4 battle-weary
5 savage
6 unarmed
7 threat
8 lone
unarmed = without weapons
armless = without arms (on your body)
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The gunman was alone. = There was a lone gunman.
The fishing bait was alive. = They used live bait.
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p. 142 - What is an expedition?
part 1 - make sure you understand all of the things on the list (and how they’re useful for an expedition). Then think of additional things that are necessary for an expedition.
- batteries
- first aid kit
- water filter/purifier
- rain boots
- flashlight
- matches/lighter/flint
- toilet paper
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Read about Emma Stokes and Beth Shapiro. What problems do you think they had?
Listen and check your guesses.
part 6 - Listen again and answer these questions.
1 local trackers and guides
2 yelling and shouting
3 They had set up their camp on an elephant path.
4 It was flattened.
5 mammoth bones, tusks, or mummies
6 remote and deserted
7 millions of mosquitoes
8 They put mosquito nets over their heads.
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p. 143 part 7 - Who do you think said each thing?
1 Emma
2 Beth
3 Beth
4 Emma
5 Beth
6 Emma
What do the statements mean?
1 Being killed was a possibility, but it didn’t happen.
2 Going at a different time was a possibility, but we didn’t do it.
3 Avoiding them was not a possibility (so we didn’t avoid them).
4 It was a good idea to check, but we didn’t do it.
5 It was a good idea to take more, but we didn’t do it.
6 It was not a good idea to put our tents there, but we did it.
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The meanings in these sentences are unreal. We’re talking about (or including) situations that didn’t happen.
“should have” is almost always unreal
“might have” and “could have” could be real (speculation, like unit 8) or unreal, depending on context
	Where’s my lottery ticket? I could have won! / Too bad I didn’t get a ticket. I could have won.
“may have” is always real (speculation)
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part 10 - Complete the paragraph with “could have”, “couldn’t have”, “should have”, and “shouldn’t have” plus the past participle
1 shouldn’t have eaten
2 couldn’t have felt (It was not possible to feel worse. I felt the worst ever.)
3 should have had
4 should have taken
5 could have died
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BREAK
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What sort of story do you expect from a book called, The Man Who Ate His Boots?
What are some difficulties of surviving in the Arctic?
How do the people who live there survive?
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p. 144 - Read the book description.
part 3 - Are these statements true or false?
1 F
2 F
3 T
4 T
5 F
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Grammar: Third Conditional = past unreal conditional
	(First = future real, Second = present/future unreal, “Zeroth” = present real)

Form: if + [past perfect], subj. + would/could/might have + past participle
	If I had exercised more, I would have lost weight and I wouldn’t have needed a new suit.
Meaning: hypothesizing about unreal past situations
	(In reality, I didn’t exercise, so I didn’t lose weight and I needed a new suit.)

remember: When the if-clause is second, you don’t need a comma.
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- Which sentences in the text are third conditional?
Explorers could have avoided these problems if they had copied the Inuit.
	They didn’t avoid the problems because they didn’t copy the Inuit.
If they had learned to build igloos, the explorers would have been warm.
	They didn’t learn to build igloos, so they weren’t warm.
	Because they didn’t learn to build igloos, they weren’t warm.
If the explorers had worn sealskin and furs, they wouldn’t have suffered from frostbite.
	They didn’t wear sealskin, so they suffered from frostbite.
	Because they didn’t wear sealskin, they suffered from frostbite.
Perry’s men wouldn’t have been as healthy if they hadn’t eaten the salads.
	They were healthy because they ate the salads.
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p. 172 practice 2 - Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs.
1 had driven, wouldn’t have had
2 would have found, hadn’t lost
3 Would...have planned, had known
4 had prepared, would have succeeded
5 would have been, had understood
6 would...have done, had attacked
7 wouldn’t have felt, had read
8 had wanted, would have welcomed
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p. 145 part 9 - Match the sentences and write third conditionals about each.
1 b - If we had planned everything better, the vacation wouldn’t have been a disaster.
2 c - If we had known how to read the road signs, we wouldn’t have gotten lost.
3 e - If we had taken a phrase book, we could have asked for help.
4 d - If the local people hadn’t given us directions, we wouldn’t have found the way back.
5 a - If we hadn’t forgotten to check the museum opening times, we wouldn’t have gotten there too late.
      If we had checked the museum opening times, we would have gotten there on time.
6 f - If we had bought tickets ahead of time, we could have gotten into the museum.
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WiFi is a connection between your device and the router.
Broadband is a fast connection to the Internet.
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p. 138-139 - Would you want to ski across Antarctica?
They took 94 days and traveled 2747 km.
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Homework: 11-12 test