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- Greg Malivuk
- gmalivuk@staffordhouse.com
- http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
- 2019-09-21 Saturday: 12 Experts
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- If we want to give or receive “information”:
- I asked her if she could close the door.
- I reminded her that she needed to download the pictures.
- I promised her that I would remember.
- If we want to “give” or “receive” actions:
- I asked her to close the door.
- I reminded her to download the pictures.
- I promised to remember. (no “her”, because I’m going to do this action)
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- I thought, “This is a really difficult assignment.”
- -> I thought (that) that was a really difficult assignment.
- I thought, “This ‘that’ that had ‘had had’ before it was incorrect.”
- -> I thought that that “that” that had had “had had” before it had been incorrect.
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- p. 146 part 5 - Replace the bold words with words from the box.
- 1 appeal
- 2 overcoming
- 3 fierce
- 4 battle-weary
- 5 savage
- 6 unarmed
- 7 threat
- 8 lone
- unarmed = without weapons
- armless = without arms (on your body)
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- The gunman was alone. = There was a lone gunman.
- The fishing bait was alive. = They used live bait.
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- p. 142 - What is an expedition?
- part 1 - make sure you understand all of the things on the list (and how they’re useful for an expedition). Then think of additional things that are necessary for an expedition.
- - batteries
- - first aid kit
- - water filter/purifier
- - rain boots
- - flashlight
- - matches/lighter/flint
- - toilet paper
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- Read about Emma Stokes and Beth Shapiro. What problems do you think they had?
- Listen and check your guesses.
- part 6 - Listen again and answer these questions.
- 1 local trackers and guides
- 2 yelling and shouting
- 3 They had set up their camp on an elephant path.
- 4 It was flattened.
- 5 mammoth bones, tusks, or mummies
- 6 remote and deserted
- 7 millions of mosquitoes
- 8 They put mosquito nets over their heads.
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- p. 143 part 7 - Who do you think said each thing?
- 1 Emma
- 2 Beth
- 3 Beth
- 4 Emma
- 5 Beth
- 6 Emma
- What do the statements mean?
- 1 Being killed was a possibility, but it didn’t happen.
- 2 Going at a different time was a possibility, but we didn’t do it.
- 3 Avoiding them was not a possibility (so we didn’t avoid them).
- 4 It was a good idea to check, but we didn’t do it.
- 5 It was a good idea to take more, but we didn’t do it.
- 6 It was not a good idea to put our tents there, but we did it.
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- The meanings in these sentences are unreal. We’re talking about (or including) situations that didn’t happen.
- “should have” is almost always unreal
- “might have” and “could have” could be real (speculation, like unit 8) or unreal, depending on context
- Where’s my lottery ticket? I could have won! / Too bad I didn’t get a ticket. I could have won.
- “may have” is always real (speculation)
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- part 10 - Complete the paragraph with “could have”, “couldn’t have”, “should have”, and “shouldn’t have” plus the past participle
- 1 shouldn’t have eaten
- 2 couldn’t have felt (It was not possible to feel worse. I felt the worst ever.)
- 3 should have had
- 4 should have taken
- 5 could have died
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- BREAK
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- What sort of story do you expect from a book called, The Man Who Ate His Boots?
- What are some difficulties of surviving in the Arctic?
- How do the people who live there survive?
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- p. 144 - Read the book description.
- part 3 - Are these statements true or false?
- 1 F
- 2 F
- 3 T
- 4 T
- 5 F
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- Grammar: Third Conditional = past unreal conditional
- (First = future real, Second = present/future unreal, “Zeroth” = present real)
- Form: if + [past perfect], subj. + would/could/might have + past participle
- If I had exercised more, I would have lost weight and I wouldn’t have needed a new suit.
- Meaning: hypothesizing about unreal past situations
- (In reality, I didn’t exercise, so I didn’t lose weight and I needed a new suit.)
- remember: When the if-clause is second, you don’t need a comma.
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- - Which sentences in the text are third conditional?
- Explorers could have avoided these problems if they had copied the Inuit.
- They didn’t avoid the problems because they didn’t copy the Inuit.
- If they had learned to build igloos, the explorers would have been warm.
- They didn’t learn to build igloos, so they weren’t warm.
- Because they didn’t learn to build igloos, they weren’t warm.
- If the explorers had worn sealskin and furs, they wouldn’t have suffered from frostbite.
- They didn’t wear sealskin, so they suffered from frostbite.
- Because they didn’t wear sealskin, they suffered from frostbite.
- Perry’s men wouldn’t have been as healthy if they hadn’t eaten the salads.
- They were healthy because they ate the salads.
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- p. 172 practice 2 - Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs.
- 1 had driven, wouldn’t have had
- 2 would have found, hadn’t lost
- 3 Would...have planned, had known
- 4 had prepared, would have succeeded
- 5 would have been, had understood
- 6 would...have done, had attacked
- 7 wouldn’t have felt, had read
- 8 had wanted, would have welcomed
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- p. 145 part 9 - Match the sentences and write third conditionals about each.
- 1 b - If we had planned everything better, the vacation wouldn’t have been a disaster.
- 2 c - If we had known how to read the road signs, we wouldn’t have gotten lost.
- 3 e - If we had taken a phrase book, we could have asked for help.
- 4 d - If the local people hadn’t given us directions, we wouldn’t have found the way back.
- 5 a - If we hadn’t forgotten to check the museum opening times, we wouldn’t have gotten there too late.
- If we had checked the museum opening times, we would have gotten there on time.
- 6 f - If we had bought tickets ahead of time, we could have gotten into the museum.
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- WiFi is a connection between your device and the router.
- Broadband is a fast connection to the Internet.
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- p. 138-139 - Would you want to ski across Antarctica?
- They took 94 days and traveled 2747 km.
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- Homework: 11-12 test
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