Science Summary - 2022, November

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------------------------------------- November 2022 -------------------------------------

Image: https://imgur.com/gallery/a6yIgZt

Monthly newsletter: https://mailchi.mp/359cae84aa22/science_summary

----------------- Selection -----------------

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_in_science

Items which I added to the Wikipedia list are marked with a star (*).
Some more relevant information can be found on at WP:Talk:2020_in_science.

------------------ Sources ------------------

* Micronutrients
https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS2214-109X%2822%2900367-9

* SNAP
https://doi.org/10.1212%2FWNL.0000000000201499

Global Carbon Project
https://doi.org/10.5194%2Fessd-14-4811-2022

* Cooking
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41559-022-01910-z

Sperm counts
https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fhumupd%2Fdmac035

* Witchcraft
https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0276872

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Black hole
https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstac3140

Lab-grown blood
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-63513330

* Climate change and insects
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03882544/file/Ecological%20Monographs%20-%202022%20-%20Harvey%20-%20Scientists%20warning%20on%20climate%20change%20and%20insects.pdf

* Artificial neurons
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41928-022-00859-y

* Wormholes
https://doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRevD.106.104024

* Anna's archive
https://torrentfreak.com/annas-archive-opens-the-door-to-z-library-and-other-pirate-libraries-221118/

* Machine translations
https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.14250

* Artificial light at night
https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00125-022-05819-x

* Children learning
https://doi.org/10.1101%2F2022.01.02.474022

* GPS alternative
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41586-022-05315-7

* Scientific productivity
https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fsciadv.abq7056

* GBD bacterial infections
https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0140-6736%2822%2902185-7

* Phages CRISPR
https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2022.10.020

* Haqers in genome
https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.cell.2022.10.016

* Universal flu vaccine, * RSV vaccine, * gepotidacin, QPX9003, CIS43LS, * acoziborole, * lecanemab
https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.abm0271
https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/new-rsv-vaccine-data-raises-hopes-of-availability-next-fall
https://edition.cnn.com/2022/11/03/health/new-uti-antibiotic-gepotidacin/index.html
https://cosmosmagazine.com/health/new-antibiotic-phase-i/
https://doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJMoa2206966
https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS1473-3099%2822%2900660-0
https://doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJMoa2212948

* Multimorbidity patterns
https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS2589-7500%2822%2900187-X

* Silent synapses
https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41586-022-05483-6

------------------ Not included ------------------

23 items


Most/all would have been included if there was more space (8):

- * The largest global inventory and interactive map of greenhouse gas emission sources is released by Climate TRACE.

- * Around the acquisition of Twitter by Elon Musk (27 Oct), interest in alternatives to the site – described as "one of the world's most high-profile information ecosystems", a contemporary suboptimal public square, and as important to news media – increases substantially. However, no alternative such as Mastodon, Reddit or the Bluesky protocol was found to match (substitute) its features such as ease of use to date.

- * Researchers develop falsity scores for over 800 contemporary elites on Twitter and associated exposure scores

- * Scientists report leprosy-causing bacteria viably regenerate and rejuvenate the liver in armadillos, which may enable novel human therapies.

- * A pulsed electric field-based shark and ray bycatch mitigation device is reported, SharkGuard.

- Photochemistry is confirmed on an exoplanet for the first time, as the James Webb Space Telescope detects a range of signatures including sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere of WASP-39b.

- * A cohort study indicates dietary intakes of total flavonols – and at least kaempferol and quercetin containing foods in specific – may substantially decrease decline in multiple cognitive abilities with older age, showing a difference of "0.4 units per decade" between 5 mg and 15 mg intakes.

- * A new CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing tool for large edits without problematic double-stranded breaks is demonstrated, PASTE.



Most/all are unlikely to be included as category-2 items (15):

- Scientists show that cells move faster in thicker (higher viscosity) fluids. Cancer cells can form memory of extracellular fluid, helping them to form distant cancerous colonies more efficiently when exposed to fluids of higher viscosities.

- Astronomers using the IXPE space observatory report that 4U 0142+61, a magnetar found 13,000 light-years from Earth, has a solid surface with no atmosphere.

- The 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP27) on climate change mitigation takes place in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt.

- IBM unveils its 433-qubit 'Osprey' quantum processer, the successor to its Eagle system.

- * Two studies demonstrate platform-built-in as well browser-integrated misinformation mitigation.

- * News outlets report about the first fully self-supervised anti-money laundering AI software using contemporary suboptimal datasets, LaundroGraph.

- Astronomers, using the Hubble Space Telescope, report the discovery of one of the most metal-poor galaxies known. This nearby dwarf galaxy, 20 million light-years away and 1,200 light-years across, is named HIPASS J1131–31 (nicknamed the "Peekaboo" galaxy).

- NASA conducts the first uncrewed flight of its Space Launch System (SLS), the largest rocket in history. The onboard Orion capsule will orbit the Moon before returning to Earth, as a demonstration of planned human missions.

- * Researchers report determinants of alertness after waking up.

- Scientists in Papua New Guinea record the black-naped pheasant pigeon for the first time in 140 years.

- The International Bureau of Weights and Measures announces it will phase out the leap second by 2035.

- ANSWER is demonstrated as a way of separating nanoparticles from biofluids in under 10 minutes.

- Canadian mineralogists discover two new minerals, Elkinstantonite and Elaliite, on a 15-tonne meteorite that grounded in Somalia.

- * An electrolysis system for viable hydrogen production from seawater without requiring a pre-desalination process which could be less flexible and more costly is reported.

- Scientists develop a quantum experiment allowing the observation of a kind of theoretical wormhole in a SYK "baby" physical model which some, but not all, consider potentially useful for the development of quantum gravity theories.