2015-11-11 Grammar: functions of modals

Greg Malivuk
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http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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Homework: p. 67 exercise 1 - fix the mistakes in the sentences
1 Victor doesn’t have to do his homework.
2 Is Victor able to speak Spanish at home?
3 Yes, he can.
4 Where is he allowed to speak Spanish?
5 Why can’t he speak Spanish at school?
6 Should Victor speak Spanish at school? (“ought to” is the same as “should”, and “should” is much more common in questions and negatives)
7 Should Victor speak English at school? / Does Victor have to speak English at school?
  (“had better” is not used in questions)
8 Did Victor use to speak Spanish?
9 Is Victor allowed…? No, he isn’t. / No, he’s not.
10 Why should he speak English in School? Why shouldn’t he speak Spanish?
  …? Why not Spanish?
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Subject questions: the subject is the wh- word, so the order is like a statement.
Who lives here? (NOT: Who does live here?)
What happened? (NOT: What did happen?)
How many people here can speak French?
Who has to leave early?
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p. 74 exercise 3 - conclusions, possibility, ability
General possibility: 1, 14
Impossibility: 2, 10
Future time: 6, 13
Prediction: 5, 7, 11
Logical inference: 8, 11, 12
Ability: 3, 9
Habitual past actions: 4, 15
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p. 69-70 - the functions we talked about yesterday
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Homework: p. 75 exercise 4 - what is the purpose/function of the modals in these sentences?