php arrays

<?php
namespace Codecademy;

// both ways can be used to declare an array
  $with_function = array("PHP", "popcorn", "555.55");

  $with_short = ["PHP", "popcorn", "555.55"];


$message = ["Oh hey", " You're doing great", " Keep up the good work!\n"];

$favorite_nums = [7, 201, 33, 88, 91];

// use implode() to print all elements in the array as one string together, with the first parameter as a $glue to join them together.
echo implode("!", $message);

// use print_r() to print an array instead of using echo as it will output 'Array' only
print_r($favorite_nums);

//to change elements in an array
$change_me = [3, 6, 9];

// add elements to the end of an array using square brackets at the end of the array name before assignment operator!
$change_me[] = "happy-go-lucky";
$change_me[] = 12;
$change_me[1] = "kitten"; //change particular element using indexing

echo implode(",", $change_me);

// add and remove elements to end of array
$stack = ["wild success", "failure", "struggle"];

array_push($stack, "blocker", "impediment"); // must indicate which array name in the first parameter, then what you want to add (in order to the end of the array)

array_pop($stack); // will remove the last element

// add and remove elements to BEGINNING of array
$record_holders = [];

// will be added in this order index 0 - Tim, 1 - Maurice, 2 - Donovan etc..
array_unshift($record_holders, "Tim Montgomery", "Maurice Greene", "Donovan Bailey", "Leroy Burrell", "Carl Lewis");

array_shift($record_holders); // will remove the first element

//Nested array
$treasure_hunt = ["garbage", "cat", 99, ["soda can", 8, ":)", "sludge", ["stuff", "lint", ["GOLD!"], "cave", "bat", "scorpion"], "rock"], "glitter", "moonlight", 2.11];

print_r($treasure_hunt[3][4][2][0]); // count from garbage index 0 etc.. to get the element GOLD!