$items = $this->Model->find('all')
  ->all()
  ->extract('name');

$items = $this->Model->find('all')
  ->order([$this->Model->translationField('name') => 'ASC'])
  ->all()
  ->extract('name');

['A... (Translated)', 'B... (Translated)', 'A... (Default)', 'C... (Default)']

['A... (Default)', 'A... (Translated)', 'B... (Translated)', 'C... (Default)']

$items = $this->Model->find('all')
  ->order(['IF('.$this->Model->translationField('name').' != "", '.$this->Model->translationField('name').', Model.name)' => 'ASC'])
  ->all()
  ->extract('name');

['A... (Default)', 'A... (Translated)', 'B... (Translated)', 'C... (Default)']