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    "link": "https://www.rxlist.com/viagra-drug.htm#description",
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[
  {
    "id": 1,
    "icon" : "icon1",
    "title" : "Acne diseases",
    "text" : "<img src='file:///android_asset/pic11.jpg' width='100%' />
    <header>Acne is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition that causes spots and pimples, especially on the face, shoulders, back, neck, chest, and upper arms.</header><header>
    <h2><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #ff0000;\">Home remedies</span></h2>
    <p>There are many suggested home remedies for acne, but not all of them are supported by research.</p>
    <p><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Diet</strong>: </span>It is unclear what role diet plays in worsening acne. Scientists have found that people who consume a diet that offers a good supply of vitamins A and E and of zinc may have a lower risk of severe acne. One review describes the link between acne and diet as \"controversial,\" but suggests that a diet with a low glycemic load may help.</p>
    <p><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Tea-tree oil</strong>:</span> Results of a study of 60 patients published in the <em>Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology</em> suggested that 5-percent tea-tree oil may help treat mild to moderate acne.</p>
    <p>If you want to buy tea-tree oil, then there is an excellent selection online with thousands of customer reviews.</p>
    <p><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Tea</strong>:</span> There is some evidence that polyphenols from tea, including green tea, applied in a topical preparation, may be beneficial in reducing sebum production and treating acne. However, the compounds in this case were extracted from tea, rather than using tea directly.</p>
    <p><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Moisturizers</strong>:</span> These can soothe the skin, especially in people who are using acne treatment such as isotretinoin, say researchers. Moisturizers containing aloe vera at a concentration of at least 10 percent or witch hazel can have a soothing and possibly anti-inflammatory effect.</p>
    <h2><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Causes</span></h2>
    <p>Human skin has pores that connect to oil glands under the skin. Follicles connect the glands to the pores. Follicles are small sacs that produce and secrete liquid.</p>
    <p>The glands produce an oily liquid called sebum. Sebum carries dead skin cells through the follicles to the surface of the skin. A small hair grows through the follicle out of the skin.</p>
    <p>Pimples grow when these follicles get blocked, and oil builds up under the skin.</p>
    <p>Skin cells, sebum, and hair can clump together into a plug. This plug gets infected with bacteria, and swelling results. A pimple starts to develop when the plug begins to break down.</p>
    <p><em>Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes)</em> is the name of the bacteria that live on the skin and contributes to the infection of pimples.</p>
    <p>Research suggests that the severity and frequency of acne depend on the strain of bacteria. Not all acne bacteria trigger pimples. One strain helps to keep the skin pimple-free.</p>
    <h3><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Hormonal factors</span></h3>
    <p>A range of factors triggers acne, but the main cause is thought to be a rise in androgen levels.</p>
    <p>Androgen is a type of hormone, the levels of which rise when adolescence begins. In women, it gets converted into estrogen.</p>
    <p>Rising androgen levels cause the oil glands under the skin to grow. The enlarged gland produces more sebum. Excessive sebum can break down cellular walls in the pores, causing bacteria to grow.</p>
    <h3><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Other possible triggers</span></h3>
    <p>Some studies suggest that genetic factors may increase the risk.</p>
    <p>Other causes include:</p>
    <ul>
    <li>some medications that contain androgen and lithium</li>
    <li>greasy cosmetics</li>
    <li>hormonal changes</li>
    <li>emotional stress</li>
    <li>menstruation</li>
    </ul>
    <h2><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Types</span></h2>
    <p>Acne pimples vary in size, color, and level of pain.</p>
    <p>The following types are possible:</p>
    <ul>
    <li>Whiteheads: These remain under the skin and are small</li>
    <li>Blackheads: Clearly visible, they are black and appear on the surface of the skin</li>
    <li>Papules: Small, usually pink bumps, these are visible on the surface of the skin</li>
    <li>Pustules: Clearly visible on the surface of the skin. They are red at their base and have pus at the top</li>
    <li>Nobules: Clearly visible on the surface of the skin. They are large, solid, painful pimples that are embedded deep in the skin</li>
    <li>Cysts: Clearly visible on the surface of the skin. They are painful and filled with pus. Cysts can cause scars.</li>
    </ul>
    <h2><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Treatment</span></h2>
    <img src='file:///android_asset/pic12.jpg' width='100%' />
    <p>Treatment depends on how severe and persistent the acne is.</p>
    <h3><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Mild acne</span></h3>
    <p>Mild acne can be treated with over-the-counter (OTC) medications, such as gels, soaps, pads, creams, and lotions, that are applied to the skin.</p>
    <p>Creams and lotions are best for sensitive skin. Alcohol-based gels dry the skin and are better for oily skin.</p>
    <p>OTC acne remedies may contain the following active ingredients:</p>
    <ul>
    <li><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Resorcinol</strong>:</span> helps break down blackheads and whiteheads</li>
    <li><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Benzoyl peroxide</strong>:</span> kills bacteria, accelerates the replacement of skin, and slows the production of sebum</li>
    <li><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Salicylic acid</strong>:</span> assists the breakdown of blackheads and whiteheads and helps reduce inflammation and swelling</li>
    <li><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Sulfur</strong>:</span> exactly how this works is unknown</li>
    <li><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Retin-A</strong>:</span> helps unblock pores through cell turnover</li>
    <li><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>Azelaic acid</strong>:</span> strengthens cells that line the follicles, stops sebum eruptions, and reduces bacterial growth. There is cream for acne, but other forms are used for rosacea.</li>
    </ul>
    <p>It is advisable to start with the lowest strengths, as some preparations can cause skin irritation, redness, or burning on first use.</p>
    <p>These side effects normally subside after continued use. If not, see a doctor.</p>
    <h3><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Treating moderate to severe acne</span></h3>
    <p>A skin specialist, or dermatologist, can treat more severe cases.</p>
    <p>They may prescribe a gel or cream similar to OTC medications but stronger, or an oral or topical antibiotic.</p>
    <h3><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Corticosteroid injection</span></h3>
    <p>If an acne cyst becomes severely inflamed, it may rupture. This can lead to scarring.</p>
    <p>A specialist may treat an inflamed cyst by injecting a diluted corticosteroid.</p>
    <p>This can help prevent scarring, reduce inflammation, and speed up healing. The cyst will break down within a few days.</p>
    <h3><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Oral antibiotics</span></h3>
    <p>Oral antibiotics may be prescribed for up to 6 months for patients with moderate to severe acne.</p>
    <p>These aim to lower the population of <em>P. Acnes</em>. The dosage will start high and reduce as the acne clears.</p>
    <p><em>P. acnes</em> can become resistant to the antibiotic in time, and another antibiotic is needed. Acne is more likely to become resistant to topical rather than oral antibiotics.</p>
    <p>Antibiotics can combat the growth of bacteria and reduce inflammation.</p>
    <p>Erythromycin and tetracycline are commonly prescribed for acne.</p>
    <h3><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Oral contraceptives</span></h3>
    <p>Oral contraceptives can help control acne in women by suppressing the overactive gland. They are commonly used as long-term acne treatments.</p>
    <p>These may not be suitable for women who:</p>
    <ul>
    <li>have a blood-clotting disorder</li>
    <li>smoke</li>
    <li>have a history of migraines</li>
    <li>are over 35 years old</li>
    </ul>
    <p>It is important to check with a gynecologist first.</p>
    <h3><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Topical antimicrobials</span></h3>
    <p>Topical antimicrobials also aim to reduce <em>P. acnes</em> in patients with moderate to severe acne. Examples are clindamycin and sodium sulfacetamide.</p>
    <p>The dermatologist may prescribe a topical retinoid.</p>
    <p>Topical retinoids are a derivative of vitamin A. They unclog the pores and prevent whiteheads and blackheads from developing.</p>
    <p>Examples of topical retinoids prescribed in the U.S. are adapalene, tazarotene, and tretinoin.</p>
    <h3><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Isotretinoin</span></h3>
    <p>This is a strong, oral retinoid, used for the treatment of severe cystic acne and severe acne that has not responded to other medications and treatments.</p>
    <p><strong>It is a strictly controlled medication with potentially serious side effects. The patient must sign a consent form to say that they understand the risks.</strong></p>
    <p>Adverse effects include dry skin, dry lips, nosebleeds, fetal abnormalities if used during pregnancy, and mood swings.</p>
    <p>Patients who take isotretinoin must avoid vitamin A supplements, as these could lead to vitamin A toxicity.</p>
    </header>"
  }
]