internet_camera.py

# Raspberry Pi motion sensitive camera
# this program is started when the wifi interface is up and running
#https://www.instructables.com/id/Raspberry-Pi-Motion-Sensitive-Camera/?ALLSTEPS
# to overlay text and data see: http://raspi.tv/2014/overlaying-text-and-graphics-on-a-photo-and-tweeting-it-pt-5-twitter-app-series
# make Ram Disk
# removed sudo nano /etc/crontab <-to check for internet connection q15 minutes and reconnect
# from: http://alexba.in/blog/2015/01/14/automatically-reconnecting-wifi-on-a-raspberrypi/

# import required libraries
import os, picamera, sys, time, smtplib, urllib2
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import subprocess
import logging

# logging
LOG = "/home/pi/camera.log"
logger = logging.getLogger('myapp')
hdlr = logging.FileHandler('/home/pi/myapp.log')
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s')
hdlr.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(hdlr)
logger.setLevel(logging.WARNING)

hdlr1 = logging.FileHandler('/home/pi/myapp1.log')
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(message)s')
hdlr.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.addHandler(hdlr)
logger.setLevel(logging.ERROR)

from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEBase import MIMEBase
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email import Encoders
gmail_user = "[email protected]" #Sender email address
gmail_pwd = "raspberryPi" #Sender email password
to = "[email protected]" #Receiver email address
subject = "Security Breach"
text = "There is some activity in your home. See the attached picture."


# GPIO pin for the PIR sensor
PIR_GPIO_PIN = 4

# camera mode
PHOTO = "Photos"
VIDEO = "Videos"

# location on raspberry pi to store photos and videos
#LOCAL_DIRECTORY = "/home/pi/python_programs/camera_output/"
#adding Ram Disk : sudo nano /etc/fstab
# add this to  fstab: tmpfs /mnt/rd tmpfs rw,mode=1777,size=4g
# Testing RAM disk
LOCAL_DIRECTORY = "/mnt/rd/"

# location of the program used to upload files to dropbox
DROPBOX_COMMAND = "/home/pi/Dropbox-Uploader/dropbox_uploader.sh"

# video recording time in seconds
RECORDING_TIME = 15

# time to wait after taking photo or video in seconds
WAIT_TIME = 15 #time in seconds

# generate a file name based on the local date and time
# year-month-day-hour-minutes-seconds-timezone
def generate_file_name():
    return time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S-%Z", time.localtime())     # e.g., 2014-09-14-15-23-45-PST

def wait_for_internet_connection():
    while True:
        try:
            print "Testing for active internet connection...then continue "
            response = urllib2.urlopen('http://google.com',timeout=1)
            return
            # returns control to the next step in the program
        except urllib2.URLError:
            #pass
            continue
            # will continue to check for connection


# when motion is detected, take a photo or record a video
# based on what mode was specified by the user
def motion_detected(pir_sensor):
    fname = LOCAL_DIRECTORY + generate_file_name()
    print "rpi-ms-camera: Motion detected!"
    if camera_mode == PHOTO:
        fname = fname + ".jpg"
        snap_photo(fname)
        wait_for_internet_connection()
        msg = MIMEMultipart()

        msg['From'] = gmail_user
        msg['To'] = to
        msg['Subject'] = subject
        msg.attach(MIMEText(text))
        mailServer = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587)
        mailServer.ehlo()
        mailServer.starttls()
        mailServer.ehlo()
        mailServer.login(gmail_user, gmail_pwd)
        mailServer.sendmail(gmail_user, to, msg.as_string())
        # Should be mailServer.quit(), but that crashes...
        mailServer.close()
        print "Email Sent"

    else:
        fname = fname + ".h264"
        record_video(fname, RECORDING_TIME)
        wait_for_internet_connection()
        msg = MIMEMultipart()

        msg['From'] = gmail_user
        msg['To'] = to
        msg['Subject'] = subject
        msg.attach(MIMEText(text))
        mailServer = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587)
        mailServer.ehlo()
        mailServer.starttls()
        mailServer.ehlo()
        mailServer.login(gmail_user, gmail_pwd)
        mailServer.sendmail(gmail_user, to, msg.as_string())
        # Should be mailServer.quit(), but that crashes...
        mailServer.close()
        print "Email Sent"

    upload_to_dropbox(fname)
    os.remove(fname)
    print "rpi-ms-camera: " + fname + " deleted."

# take a photo and store it a file with a unique name
# based on the current date and time
def snap_photo(file_name):
    #camera.rotation = 180
    camera.resolution = (1024, 768)
    camera.capture(file_name)
    print "rpi-ms-camera: Photo taken."

# record video for the specified number of seconds and
# store it in a file with a unique name based on the
# current date and time
def record_video(file_name, rec_time):
    camera.resolution = (650,480)
    camera.start_recording(file_name)
    print "rpi-ms-camera: Video recording started."
    camera.wait_recording(rec_time)
    camera.stop_recording()
    print "rpi-ms-camera: Video recording stopped."

# upload the file to the specified folder in dropbox
# and delete the file after the upload completes
def upload_to_dropbox(local_file_name):
    dropbox_file_name = os.path.basename(local_file_name)
    print "rpi-ms-camera: Uploading " + dropbox_file_name + " to Dropbox."
    upload_command = DROPBOX_COMMAND + ' upload ' + local_file_name + ' ' + dropbox_file_name
    # print "rpi-ms-camera: " + upload_command
    subprocess.call([upload_command], shell=True)

# create a file with the IP address of the raspberry pi
# and upload it to dropbox so the user can easily get the
# address if ssh is needed to connect to it
def upload_ip_address():
    print "rpi-ms-camera: Uploading IP address to Dropbox."
    ip_file_name = LOCAL_DIRECTORY + "IP-" + generate_file_name() + ".txt"
    ip_command = "hostname -I > " + ip_file_name
    subprocess.call([ip_command], shell=True)
    upload_to_dropbox(ip_file_name)
    os.remove(ip_file_name)

# call the dropbox-uploader script for the first time to get it to
# ask the user for the API keys needed to configure the uploader.
# this is used as part of the setup process
def first_time_config():
    subprocess.call([DROPBOX_COMMAND], shell=True)

# call the dropbox uploader command to make sure it's working properly
# by uploading a file with the IP address of the Raspberry Pi.
# this is used as part of the setup process
def test_dropbox():
    print "rpi-ms-camera: Testing Dropbox connection."
    upload_ip_address()
    print "rpi-ms-camera: Check your Dropbox app folder for the uploaded file"

# Main program

# the switch specified on the command determines whether
# a photo or video should be captured and uploaded
# the program can be started one of three ways:
#
#   'sudo python rpi-ms-camera.py -p'         snaps photos
#   'sudo python rpi-ms-camera.py -v'         capture video
#   'sudo python rpi-ms-camera.py -firsttime' runs first time configuration
#   'sudo python rpi-ms-camera.py -test'      tests to make sure upload is working

# determine what command line parameters were specified
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
    if sys.argv[1] == "-p":
        camera_mode = PHOTO
    elif sys.argv[1] == "-v":
        camera_mode = VIDEO
    elif sys.argv[1] == "-firsttime":
        first_time_config()
        sys.exit()
    elif sys.argv[1] == '-test':
        test_dropbox()
        sys.exit()
    else:
        print "Invalid option specified"
        sys.exit()
else:
    print "Valid options are:"
    print "  -p          Snap photos when motion is detected"
    print "  -v          Record video when motion is detected"
    print "  -firsttime  Run to configure the Dropbox application"
    print "  -test       Used to test the connection to Dropbox"
    sys.exit()

print "rpi-ms-camera: Raspberry Pi motion sensitive camera started."
print "rpi-ms-camera: " + camera_mode + " will be captured when motion is detected."

# setup raspberry pi camera
camera = picamera.PiCamera()
camera.hflip = False
camera.vflip = False  # True

# setup GPIO pin for the PIR (motion) sensor
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
GPIO.setup(PIR_GPIO_PIN, GPIO.IN)

# test for active internet connection to server first!
wait_for_internet_connection()

# upload the IP address of the Raspberry Pi to Dropbox so the
# user can use "ssh" to connect to it if needed
upload_ip_address()

# main loop to detect motion and snap pictures or record videos
while True:
    try:
        print "rpi-ms-camera: Waiting for motion."
        GPIO.wait_for_edge(PIR_GPIO_PIN, GPIO.RISING)
        motion_detected(PIR_GPIO_PIN)
        print "rpi-ms-camera: Sleeping for " + str(WAIT_TIME) + " seconds."
        time.sleep(WAIT_TIME)
    except:
        print "rpi-ms-camera: Stopping due to keyboard interrupt."
        camera.close()
        GPIO.cleanup()
        break