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- ## Cursor movement
- - h - move left
- - j - move down
- - k - move up
- - l - move right
- - w - jump by start of words (punctuation considered words)
- - W - jump by words (spaces separate words)
- - e - jump to end of words (punctuation considered words)
- - E - jump to end of words (no punctuation)
- - b - jump backward by words (punctuation considered words)
- - B - jump backward by words (no punctuation)
- - 0 - (zero) start of line
- - ^ - first non-blank character of line
- - $ - end of line
- - G - Go To command (prefix with number - 5G goes to line 5)
- Note: Prefix a cursor movement command with a number to repeat it. For example, 4j moves down 4 lines.
- ## Insert Mode - Inserting/Appending text
- - i - start insert mode at cursor
- - I - insert at the beginning of the line
- - a - append after the cursor
- - A - append at the end of the line
- - o - open (append) blank line below current line (no need to press return)
- - O - open blank line above current line
- - ea - append at end of word
- - Esc - exit insert mode
- ## Editing
- - r - replace a single character (does not use insert mode)
- - J - join line below to the current one
- - cc - change (replace) an entire line
- - cw - change (replace) to the end of word
- - c$ - change (replace) to the end of line
- - s - delete character at cursor and subsitute text
- - S - delete line at cursor and substitute text (same as cc)
- - xp - transpose two letters (delete and paste, technically)
- - u - undo
- - . - repeat last command
- ## Marking text (visual mode)
- - v - start visual mode, mark lines, then do command (such as y-yank)
- - V - start Linewise visual mode
- - o - move to other end of marked area
- - Ctrl+v - start visual block mode
- - O - move to Other corner of block
- - aw - mark a word
- - ab - a () block (with braces)
- - aB - a {} block (with brackets)
- - ib - inner () block
- - iB - inner {} block
- - Esc - exit visual mode
- ## Visual commands
- - \> - shift right
- - < - shift left
- - y - yank (copy) marked text
- - d - delete marked text
- - ~ - switch case
- ## Cut and Paste
- - yy - yank (copy) a line
- - 2yy - yank 2 lines
- - yw - yank word
- - y$ - yank to end of line
- - p - put (paste) the clipboard after cursor
- - P - put (paste) before cursor
- - dd - delete (cut) a line
- - dw - delete (cut) the current word
- - x - delete (cut) current character
- ## Exiting
- - :w - write (save) the file, but don't exit
- - :wq - write (save) and quit
- - :q - quit (fails if anything has changed)
- - :q! - quit and throw away changes
- ## Search/Replace
- - /pattern - search for pattern
- - ?pattern - search backward for pattern
- - n - repeat search in same direction
- - N - repeat search in opposite direction
- - :%s/old/new/g - replace all old with new throughout file
- - :%s/old/new/gc - replace all old with new throughout file with confirmations
- ## Working with multiple files
- - :e filename - Edit a file in a new buffer
- - :bnext (or :bn) - go to next buffer
- - :bprev (of :bp) - go to previous buffer
- - :bd - delete a buffer (close a file)
- - :sp filename - Open a file in a new buffer and split window
- - ctrl+ws - Split windows
- - ctrl+ww - switch between windows
- - ctrl+wq - Quit a window
- - ctrl+wv - Split windows vertically
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